1、UDC621.824:621.753.2:621.771.06:621.873 DEUTSCHE NORM Julv 1982 Steelworks, rolling mills and cranes Interference fits using oil under pressure Application, dimensions, design DIN 15 055 Htten- und Walzwerksanlagen und Krane; Druckl- und Pressverbnde; Anwendung, Masse, Gestaltung Supersedes March 19
2、76 edition In keeping with current practice in standards published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), a comma has been used throughout as the decimal marker. Dimensions in mm Contents Page Page 1 Field of application and scope. . 1 3.4 Tapered interference fits not associat
3、ed 2 Types of oil feed. with rolling bearings (figures 16 to 19) . 2 2.1 Dimensions of annular grooves 2 3.5 interfence fits associated with rolling bearings (figures 20 and 21) 2.2 Oil feed holes 2 2.3 Number and arrangement. . 2 36 Stepped cylindrical hterference fits for hubhhaft assemblies (figu
4、res 22 and 23) . 6 3 Examples of design . 3 3.1 Cylindrical interference fits not associated 4 Assembly process (example) . 7 with rolling bearings (figures 6 to 9). 3 5 Instructions for assembly 7 3.2 Cylindrical interference fits for which it is 6 Instructions for disassembly . 7 necessary to take
5、 into account the design of the assembled components (figures 10 to 12). 4 6.2 Safety of workers during disassembly. . 8 with rolling bearings (figures 13 to 15) . 4 7 Reuse of disassembled components. 8 5 5 . Disassembly. 3.3 Cylindrical interference fits associated 1 The oil pressure method permit
6、s the assembly and disassembly of components of interference fits without significant deformation of the fitting surfaces and without any change in their surface roughness. In the oil pressure method, oil or some other suitable medium is forced under pressure through one or more holes and annular gr
7、ooves into the fitting joint. Relative movement of the components is made possible by elastic deformation of the assembled components or the Components to be assembled and the oil film between the fitting surfaces. The oil pressure method can be applied to interference fits in which assembly and dis
8、assembly of the interference fit is possible and desirable for production or servicing purposes or can be justified for reasons of trouble-free functioning. The stepped interference fit is particularly suitable for large machine components such as couplings, hubs, flywheels and rotors of electrical
9、machines and the like. It is possible both to assemble and disassemble the components. A condition of application of this method is adequate elasticity of the components to be assembled. For this reason, the method is usually applied to components in steel or cast steel. Apart from this, because of
10、the additional stresses applied through the oil film, it is important to ensure that the stresses remain within the permitted range in the interference fit. Field of application and scope Continued on pages 2 to 8 Beuih Verlag GmbH. Berlin 30, has exclusive sale rights for German Standards (DIN-Norm
11、en) DIN 15 055 Engl. Price group Sales No. 0106 04.85 Page 2 DIN 15055 Nominal diameter of interference fit dl C Where interference fits, for example shrink fits, are used, all the data necessary for the design calculation as specified in DIN 7190 arexo be agreed. Definitions relating to limits, fit
12、s and interference fits are given in DIN 7182 Part 1 and Part 3. Note. The oil pressure developing in the joint whilst the method is being applied results in additional stresses, as a result of which the hub part is particularly subject to additional deformation (widening) and mechanical load. If th
13、e stresses during the application of this method exceed the yield strength of the hub part or the shaft part, the result may be to adversely affect the holding power of the interference fit or the reusability of the components. This standard gives basic principles describing the conditions that will
14、 permit proper use of interference fits using oil pressure. These principles are intended to ensure safety of workers and trouble-free functioning and avoid accidents. This standard can, if necessary, serve as a basic standard for further standards recommending applications of interference fits usin
15、g oil pressure. For the design of interference fits using oil pressure for use with rolling bearings, it is recommended that the design be agreed with the manufacturers of the rolling bearings. This standard can also be used, where appropri- ate, for other types of machine than those specified. d2 r
16、1 r2 t max. f0.5 f0.2 fO.l 2 Types of oil feed 2.1 Dimensions of annular grooves Arrangement of annular groove (with groove in the shaft) Type w Type N (with groove in the hub) Detail )( Detail Y Figure 1. Figure 2. For interference fits to the inner rings of rolling bearings, only the annular groov
17、e of the type W arrangement is permitted. Nominal diameter of interference fit di d2 ri r2 t = may. f0.5 f0.2 fO.l upto 120 5 I overl20upto 2001 6 I 6 j 4 I 1 I 1,4 I 5 4 0,6 1 over200upto 320 over320upto 1250 2.2 Oil feed holes Type A 90 8 8 6 1,6 1,5 10 10 8 2,5 1,8 d Figure 3. over630upto 1000 8
18、8 10 2,5 0,8 upto 160 I 3 I 3 I 23 I 0,4 I 03 I loverl60upto 250 I 4 1 4 I 4 I 0,6 I 03 lover400upto 630 I 6 I 6 I 8 I 1,6 I 0,6 4 Figure 4. omax. ax. Figure 5. 2.3 Number and arrangement The number and arrangement of the oil feed lines is dependent on the shapes of the hub and shaft (cylindrical or
19、 tapered), the length of the joints and the design of the components to be assembled. The annular groove(s) shall be designed so as to ensure that the oil film is maintained throughout assembly or disassembly. For this reason, the groove is to be arranged close to that end of the joint at which the
20、components are last in contact when they are being disassembled. DIN 15055 Page3 Cylindrical interference fits shall be provided with one or more annular grooves according to the length of the joints and each annular groove shall have one oil feed. Examples are shown in figures 6 to 15. Tapered inte
21、rference fits shall, as a rule, be provided with one annular groove only. Examples are shown in figures 16 to 21. Stepped cylindrical interference fits require only one oil feed hole leading to the distribution channel. Additional oil feed holes and annular grooves can be arranged in order to improv
22、e and accelerate the spread of the oil in the joint. Figures 22 and 23 give examples. As in figures 6 and 7 8 and 9 3 Examples of design 3.1 Cylindrical interference fits not associated with rolling bearings (figures 6 to 9) el e2 Number of grooves II UP to 1 O0 (0,3 to 0,4) . II - c % 1 over 100 up
23、 to 300 v4.11 2 /5.1, (0,5 to 0,6) . I, 3 1 /s-l, 4 1) over 300 up to 600 over 600 up to 1000 P-J . I -8 Figure 6. Cylindrical interference fit with one annular groove in the shaft Figure 8. LI II 1 II I - e2 Cylindrical interference fit with two annular grooves in the shaft Seal-welded pipe plug Fi
24、gure 7. Cylindrical interference fit with one annular groove in the hub Seal-welded pipe plug k-4 II e2 I, - Figure 9. Cylindrical interference fit with two annular grooves in the hub Page 4 DIN 15 055 As in figure 13 14 15 3.2 Cylindrical interference fits for which it is necessary to take into acc
25、ount the design of the assembled components (figures 10 to 12) 11 el e2 e3 up to 100 (0,3 to 0,4) * 11 - - 0,2. I, (0,5 to 0,6) .II - c - c over 100 all 0,2.11 0,6.11 (1,2 to 1,3). II Figure 12. Cylindrical interference fit, hub part provided with two webs If the distribution of the pressure on the
26、surfaces in the joint is nonuniform because of the presence of flanges (see figure 1 O) or webs (see figures 11 and 12), it is advisable to position the annular grooves at the points of highest surface pressure, for example under the webs. 3.3 Cylindrical interference fits associated with rolling be
27、arings (figures 13 to 15) Figure 13. Cylindrical fit of a rolling Figure 14. Cylindrical fit of a rolling Figure 15. Cylindrical fit of two roll- bearing with one annular ing bearings with a total groove grooves of three annular grooves bearing with two annular Table 4. Dimensions for figures 13 to
28、15 DIN 15055 Page 5 3.4 Tapered interference fits not associated with rolling bearings (figures 16 to 19) For tapered interference fits, it is recommended that in all cases el be approximately (0,3 to 0,4 mm) . 17 Figure 16. Tapered interference fit with annular groove in the shaft Figure 18. Tapere
29、d interference fit with adapter sleeve and annular groove in the shaft - Figure 17. Tapered interference fit with annular grodve in the hub Il I- 11 D Figure 19. Tapered interference fit with adapter sleeve and annular groove in the hub 3.5 Tapered interference fits associated with rolling bearings
30、(figures 20 and 21) For tapered interference fits it is recommended that in all cases el be approximately (0,3 to 0,4 mm) . I,. Figure 20. Tapered fit of one rolling bearing on the shaft I Figure 21. Tapered fit of one rolling bearing on a clamping sleeve Page6 DIN 15055 3.6 Stepped cylindrical inte
31、rference fits for hubhhaft assemblies (figures 22 and 23) li Figure 22. Dimensions of a stepped cylindrical hub/shaft assembly Figure 23. Half of the dl, d2 - diameter Il Z2, Z3 - fit length a , U, - interference a - hub or journal length - distance between sealing bevels - taper of sealing bevels o
32、n shafto ( a= 0,5 to 1,5 depending on the interference) fit assembly For the design of the fitting surfaces, it is important to ensure that the hub surfaces do not extend beyond the mating surfaces of the shafts (see figures 24 and 25). Figure 24. Hub coterminous with the end of the shaft fitting su
33、rface Figure 25. Shaft with collar to locate the hub DIN 15 055 Page 7 4 Assembly process (see i 2 i. 1 View from the left, item 3 7 Shaft end 4 Hollow piston jack 2 Hub of coupling 5 Oil feed hole 3 Pressure spider 6 Tie bolt Figure 26. Assembly including stepped cylindrical interference fit 5 Inst
34、ructions for assembly Components for interference fits using oil under pressure are normally assembled, according to their dimensions, either after heating the outer part or cooling the inner part, or after heating the outer part and cooling the inner part. Compo- nents for tapered interference fits
35、 and stepped cylindrical interference fits can also be assembled without heating or cool- ing, when the oil pressure method is used, which can often be very useful for high-speed assembly. Apart from these guidelines, the following shall apply for the assembly of interference fits using the oil pres
36、sure method: - The fitting surfaces shall be free from dirt, machining scores and damage such as might impair the build-up of the pressurized oil film. - In addition to the fitting surfaces, the oil feed holes and the annular grooves shall be cleaned. - Tolerance class H7 shall be applied in the cas
37、e of a finished cylindrical hub bore, unless otherwise specified at the time of ordering. For dimensions where no tolerance is specified, the DIN 7168 - m general tolerances shall apply. - If special requirements are specified for the geometrical tolerances for interference fits, the appropriate tol
38、erances shall be agreed. If there are no special requirements, the general tolerances specified in DIN 7168 Part 2, accuracy grade S shall apply. grade N 7 as specified in DIN IS0 1302. be readjusted by injection of oil. When this is done, the instructions in clause 6 shall be observed as appropriat
39、e. - The surface condition in the region of the fitting surfaces and the annular grooves shall conform to roughness - If the components are not in the required relative positions after assembly and return to room temperature, they can - After assembly, the oil feed hole shall be closed using a pipe
40、plug as specified in DIN 906. 6 Instructions for disassembly 6.1 Disassembly Before the components are disassembled, a check shall be made to ensure that the areas around the oil feed holes are free from dirt. The oil pressure shall be maintained until oil emerges from the ends of the interference f
41、it. Then the outer part shall be pulled off in one continuous movement by means of a suitable pull-off device or jack and whilst the oil pressure is maintained as constant as possible. With a simple cylindrical interference fit, once the last annular groove has been freed, the extraction process sha
42、ll be carried further in one continuous movement. If the process is interrupted, the oil film will be pressed out from between the fitting surfaces, and the hub may become jammed. Page 8 DIN 15055 After disassembly, the oil feed hole shall be closed again with a pipe plug. Mineral oils (not hydrauli
43、c oils) having a working viscosity of 300mm2/s at the actual temperature of the workpiece shall be used as the pressurizing medium. 6.2 Safety of workers during disassembly To ensure that the assembly and disassembly of interference fits are carried out under safe conditions, it is necessary to take
44、 precautionary measures, and ensure that these are properly carried out and supervised. This is particularly important in the case of tapered and stepped cylindrical interference fits. Exercise particular care with tapered assemblies, as these will separate automatically! Provide a screen to catch t
45、he disassembled components! If it is necessary to exceed the maximum oil pressure, use particular care. 7 Reuse of disassembled components Before disassembled components are reused, they shall be inspected to make sure that they are free from defects that might impair their usability. Standards refe
46、rred to DIN 906 Hexagon socket pipe plugs DIN 7168 Part 1 DIN 7168 Part 2 DIN 7182 Part 1 DIN 7182 Part 3 DIN 7190 DIN IS0 228 Part 1 DIN IS0 1302 General tolerances; linear and angular dimensions General tolerances; form and position Limits and fits; basic concepts Limits and fits; interference fit
47、s, terminology Design calculation for and use of interference fits Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are not made on the threads; designation, dimensions and tolerances Technical drawings; methods of indicating surface texture on drawings Previous editions DIN 15 055: 03.76 Amendments The fol
48、lowing amendments have been made in comparison with the March 1976 edition: a) Different types of oil feed holes (types A, B. C) have been specified. b) Dimensions and annular grooves for interference fits, except those associated with rolling bearings, have been standardized for nominal diameters o
49、f over 320 up to 1250 mm. c) The standard has been editorially revised. Explanatory notes This standard gives a number of fundamental specifications, which, if observed, will allow technically sound use of interference fits using oil under pressure and will contribute to the safety of workers and trouble-free functioning. When selecting the appropriate type of oil feed hole suitable for the particular application, it is necessary to take into account the size of the assembly, the size of the pumps or supply lines and other design features. Other information, for example on eq
