1、September 2010DEUTSCHE NORM Normenausschuss Bauwesen (NABau) im DINDIN-SprachendienstEnglish price group 14No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sal
2、e for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 07.040!$piZ“1777055www.din.deDDIN 18710-1Engineering survey Part 1: General requirementsEnglish translation of DIN 18710-1:2010-09Ingenieurvermessung Teil 1: Allgemeine AnforderungenEnglische bersetzung von DIN 18710-1:2010-09Mesurage par lingnieur Partie 1: E
3、xigences gnralesTraduction anglaise de DIN 18710-1:2010-09www.beuth.deDocument comprises pages33003.12 DIN 18710-1:2010-09 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. Contents Page Foreword . 3 1 Scope . 4 2 Normative references . 4 3 Terms and definitions 5 3.1 Purpose of engineering surveys . 5 3.2 R
4、eference systems . 6 4 Engineering survey requirements . 7 4.1 General . 7 4.2 Task description . 7 4.3 Survey programme . 8 4.4 Measurement procedures 8 4.5 Measuring instruments 9 4.6 Measurement accuracy 9 4.7 Documents 10 4.8 Execution . 11 4.9 Evaluation 11 4.10 Documentation 11 Annex A (inform
5、ative) General principles of metrology in engineering surveys 12 Annex B (informative) General principles of sizes and tolerances . 21 Annex C (informative) Examples of survey marks 24 Annex D (informative) Explanatory notes on the relationship between size tolerance and standard deviation 27 Biblio
6、graphy . 29 Alphabetical index . 30 DIN 18710-1:2010-09 3 Foreword This standard has been prepared by Working Committee NA 005-03-01 AA Geodsie of Section 03 Vermessungswesen; Geoinformation of the Normenausschuss Bauwesen (Building and Civil Engineering Standards Committee). DIN 18710 Engineering s
7、urvey comprises: Part 1: General requirements Part 2: Site surveying Part 3: Setting out Part 4: Deformation measurements Attention is drawn to the possibility that some elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. DIN (and/or DKE) shall not be held responsible for identifying any
8、or all such patent rights. DIN 18710-1:2010-09 4 1 Scope This standard specifies general requirements applying to surveys of construction works and parts of such (e.g. industrial plants, transport infrastructure, machinery installations) and of other objects. The specifications and verification proc
9、esses of this standard are also an aid to drawing up agreements on surveying work. This standard also serves to standardize the quality and verification of engineering surveys by ensuring that the results of surveys are interpreted unambiguously. 2 Normative references The following referenced docum
10、ents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition referred to applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. DIN 1319-1:1995-01, Fundamentals of metrology Part 1: Basic terminology D
11、IN 1319-3, Fundamentals of metrology Part 3: Evaluation of measurements of a single measurand, measurement uncertainty DIN 1319-4, Fundamentals of metrology Part 4: Evaluation of measurements; uncertainty of measurement DIN 18202, Tolerances in building construction Structures DIN 18709-1, Concepts,
12、 abbreviations and symbols in surveying Part 1: General DIN 18709-2, Concepts, abbreviations and symbols in surveying Part 2: Surveying by the engineer DIN 18709-4:2010-09, Concepts, abbreviations and symbols in geodesy Part 4: Adjustment of observations and statistics DIN 18709-5:2010-09, Concepts,
13、 abbreviations and symbols in geodesy Part 5: Evaluation of continuous series of observations DIN 18710-2:2010-09, Engineering survey Part 2: Site surveying DIN 18710-3:2010-09, Engineering survey Part 3: Setting out DIN 18710-4:2010-09, Engineering survey Part 4: Deformation measurements DIN 18723-
14、1, Field procedure for precision testing of surveying instruments General information DIN V ENV 13005, Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement DIN EN ISO 286-1, Geometrical product specification (GPS) ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes Part 1: Basis of tolerances, deviation
15、s and fits DIN EN ISO 9001, Quality management systems Requirements DIN 18710-1:2010-09 5 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 Purpose of engineering surveys 3.1.1 engineering survey engineering geodesy survey in connection with the
16、 site surveying, project planning, setting out, acceptance and monitoring of structures and other objects NOTE 1 See DIN 18709-1 and DIN 18709-2. NOTE 2 The term “engineering survey”, as a synonym for engineering geodesy, covers the spectrum of surveying tasks associated with technical projects of o
17、ther trades and disciplines (e.g. building construction). NOTE 3 Figure 1 shows the relationships between surveying tasks in engineering surveys. Engineering survey | Site surveying Setting out Deformation measurements Figure 1 Range of tasks in engineering surveys NOTE 4*)(Geometric) Project planni
18、ng is the act of defining the geometric quantities for the nominal condition of an object. As a rule, surveyed ground and elevation plans are required for projects so that the actual condition of the object is normally assumed to apply when carrying out site surveys. NOTE 5*)The surveying work requi
19、red when executing a project includes transposing geometric quantities of the project on-site (setting out see DIN 18710-3:2010-09) and control surveys (see DIN 18709-2). NOTE 6*)An acceptance survey (also known as a “compliance survey”) is a control survey conducted to provide a basis for acceptanc
20、e of the results of a completed project as having been executed in accordance with the contract. NOTE 7*)Deformation measurements (see DIN 18710-4:2010-09) are conducted to determine the movements and distortions of an object (see DIN 18709-2). 3.1.2 object to be measured object of survey item to wh
21、ich the measurand applies DIN 1319-1:1995-01, term 1.2 NOTE 1 The objects of surveys can be both concrete objects and conditions or changes as a function of time. NOTE 2 Examples of objects of engineering surveys are areas planned for construction works, transport infrastructure, machinery and indus
22、trial plants, as well as the natural objects with which these objects are associated. NOTE 3 A distinction is made between the site survey of the condition of a structure and the metrological recording and analysis of a structures behaviour. An actual condition survey of an object to be measured inc
23、ludes a momentary “as-is” documentation (e.g. deviation of a buildings geometry from an earlier specified (nominal) condition). A structural geometry survey of the mechanics of an object to be measured includes the periodic or permanent measurement of the movement of object points. *)Translators not
24、e. The numbering of these notes deviates from that in the German reference version. DIN 18710-1:2010-09 6 3.1.3 survey programme plan for an engineering survey, based on the task description (see 4.2), with specifications on the concept for measurement and evaluation. NOTE 1 The survey programme ens
25、ures the metrologically correct execution of engineering surveys. NOTE 2 For the content of a survey programme, see 4.3. 3.2 Reference systems 3.2.1 reference system fundamental system used to determine the position of points in one, two or three dimensions NOTE 1 See DIN 18709-1. NOTE 2 A reference
26、 system comprises a coordinate system (see 3.2.2) and geodetic control stations (see 3.2.3). 3.2.2 coordinate system geometric system suitable for describing the position of points used for engineering surveys NOTE 1 For practical applications, coordinates are usually stated in the form of horizonta
27、l position coordinates x, y and an elevation coordinate H (see DIN 18709-1). NOTE 2 Information on the point of origin and orientation of a coordinate system as well as on the formulae for calculating the coordinate values (e.g. scale, elevation definition, projection equations) is an essential part
28、 of a coordinate system. 3.2.3 geodetic control stations entirety of all survey points which are determined and uniquely identifiable by a reference system NOTE 1 See DIN 18709-1. NOTE 2 The geodetic control stations (see 3.2.6) and their coordinates define the reference system. In areas affected by
29、 removal of material (e.g. mining, ground-water lowering) or deposition (e.g. dykes, embankments), changes in the positions of the geodetic control stations cannot be excluded. 3.2.4 external reference system reference system implemented by survey points and their coordinates which are outside of th
30、e object and are also outside of the area in which the construction operation or plant operation might lead to changes in position and/or elevation 3.2.5 internal reference system reference system implemented by survey points and their coordinates which are on or inside the object to be measured NOT
31、E An object to be measured can have several internal reference systems which are spatially separate. Where necessary, internal reference systems are connected to the external reference system. 3.2.6 survey point point used for surveying and measuring on or under the earths surface NOTE 1 See DIN 187
32、09-1. DIN 18710-1:2010-09 7 NOTE 2 For examples of survey marks, see Annex C. NOTE 3 A distinction is made between various survey points as follows: horizontal control stations, vertical control stations (benchmark), gravimetric control stations and other types of survey point (see DIN 18709-1). NOT
33、E 4 Engineering surveys also make use of survey points defined by three dimensions. 3.2.7 object point point on the object being surveyed NOTE 1 See DIN 18709-1. NOTE 2 Typical object points are topographic points, points on building surfaces, points on the axes of buildings, roads and tracks, as we
34、ll as boundary points and points on other objects (e.g. manhole covers, hydrants, overhead cable masts). 4 Engineering survey requirements 4.1 General The following specifications shall be taken into consideration when planning, executing and evaluating engineering surveys. A task description shall
35、be provided for the surveying work (see 4.2). Users of the present standard can also use these specifications to complement their quality management documents with topic-specific and/or task-specific information (see DIN EN ISO 9001 and DIN-Fachbericht ISO 10006). The technical requirements describe
36、d in 4.4 to 4.10 apply even if no explicit agreement on the survey programme is concluded (see 4.3). NOTE Clause 4 of DIN 18710-2:2010-09 to DIN 18710-4:2010-09 contains additional specific requirements on site surveys (see DIN 18710-2:2010-09), setting out (see DIN 18710-3:2010-09) and deformation
37、measurements (see DIN 18710-4:2010-09). 4.2 Task description An engineering survey task description shall contain at least the following specifications: description of the object to be measured, including information on the objectives (target quantities) of the survey, as well as information on the
38、quantities which affect the object to be measured (influence quantities, see A.2.2); a time schedule to coordinate the work of all involved (e.g. stating the deadlines for the contracting entitys provision of all up-to-date and binding documents, for the execution of the work and for estimated concl
39、usion of the surveying work); specification of the accuracy of measurement (see 4.6) and, where applicable, of the tolerances to be observed (see DIN 18202, DIN EN ISO 286-1); specification of the reference system (see 3.2.1) of the survey; circumstances which are important for the survey (e.g. area
40、s of the object which are difficult to access, restrictions and other circumstances that may necessitate extension or reduction of the surveying work); other specifications arising from the particular characteristics of the object to be measured (e.g. involvement of third parties in the evaluation o
41、f survey results); services which the contracting entity is to provide in order to enable execution of the survey work; DIN 18710-1:2010-09 8 extent and type of the survey documentation (e.g. data organization); handover details (e.g. deadline for the delivery of the results). 4.3 Survey programme R
42、equirements on the execution and evaluation of engineering surveys are specified in a survey programme (see 3.1.3) on the basis of the task description (see 4.2). The survey programme shall at least include specifications for: metrological implementation of the required measurement accuracy (see 4.6
43、), measurement procedures (see 4.4) and measuring technique, e.g. type, number and distribution of the required survey and object points (see 3.2.6 and 3.2.7) and definition of the reference system (see 3.2.1); measuring instruments to be used (see 4.5) including information on how these are to be c
44、hecked (calibration and alignment); special considerations concerning the application of particular measurement procedures (see 4.4), especially the ambient conditions to be observed and documented (see influence parameter, A.2.2). survey documents (see 4.7); procedure description (see 4.8), includi
45、ng information on the time schedule of the measurements (times at which measurements were taken and the repetition rates, where applicable); evaluations (see 4.9) and documentation (see 4.10) of the survey; details of qualified personnel. NOTE For examples relating to the content of survey programme
46、s, refer to DIN 18710-2:2010-09, Annex B, DIN 18710-3:2010-09, Annex A, and DIN 18710-4:2010-09, Annex F. 4.4 Measurement procedures The measurement procedures, together with the selected measuring instruments, shall ensure that: the survey points can be determined with the specified accuracy; the r
47、equired protection against gross errors (see DIN 18709-4:2010-09) and systematic measurement errors (reliability, see A.7.1 and DIN 18709-4:2010-09) is achieved and the specified requirements for evaluation and provision of the results are met. Survey points shall be set in such a way that they rema
48、in unchanged for the duration of the survey work. They shall be unambiguously and uniquely identifiable and are usually marked. Their stability shall be verified by means of control points and measurements between the survey points. Changes in the positions of the survey points shall be determined and taken into account when evaluating results. NOTE 1 Requirements relating to type, quantity and distribution of survey and object points ar
