1、Fire behaviour of building materials and building components Pipe encasements, pipe bushings, service shafts and ducts, and barriers across inspection openings; terminology, requirements and testing euth Verlag GrnbH. Berlin 30, has exclusive sale rights for German Standards (DIN-Normen) DIN 4 102 P
2、art 1 1 Engl. Price group 08.86 Sales No. O107 - DIN 4102 Part 11 Brandverhalten von Baustoffen und Bauteilen; Rohrummantelungen, Rohrabschottungen, Installationcschchte und -kanale sowie Abschlsse ihrer Revisionsffnungen; Begriffe, Anforderungen und Prfungen In keeping with current practice in stan
3、dards published b y the International Organization for Standardization (KO), a comma has been used throughout as the decimal marker. DIN 4102 is divided into the followings Parts: DIN 41 02 Part 1 Fire behaviour of building materials and building components; building materials; terminology, requirem
4、ents and testing DIN 4102 Part 2 Fire behaviour of building materials and building components; building components; terminology, requirements and testing DIN 4102 Part 3 Fire behaviour of building materials and building components; fire walls and non-loadbearing outer walls; terminology, requirement
5、s and testing DIN 4102 Part 4 Fire behaviour of building materials and building components; summary and use of classified building materials, building components and special building components DIN 4102 Part 5 Fire behaviour of building materials and building components; fire barriers, barriers in l
6、ift wells and glazings resistant against fire; terminology, requirements and testing DIN 41 02 Part 6 Fire behaviour of building materials and building components; ventilation ducts; terminology, requirements and testing DIN 41 02 Part 7 Fire behaviour of building materials and building components;
7、roofing; terminology, requirements and testing DIN 4102 Part 8 (at present at the stage of draft) Fire behaviour of building materials and building components; small scale test furnace DIN 4102 Part 11 Fire behaviour of building materials and building components; pipe encasements, pipe bushings, ser
8、vice shafts and ducts and barriers across inspection openings; terminology, requirements and testing Standards dealing with the fire behaviour of sealing compounds used for cable passages through building components and specifying methods of testing the reliability of electric cables in a fire situa
9、tion are in course of preparation. Dimensions in mm Contents Page 1 Scope and field of application 2 2 Concepts 2 2.1 Fire resistance time 2 2.2 Measures taken to prevent the spread of fire along pipes (pipe bushings) . 2 2.3 Serviceshafts 2 2.4 Serviceducts 2 2.5 Barriers across inspection openings
10、 2 3 Verification of fire resistance classes 2 3.1 Verification on the basis of fire tests 2 3.2 Classification into fire resistance classes 3 4 Pipe encasements and pipe bushings 3 4.1 Requirements . 3 4.2 Testing 3 4.2.1 Sampling . 3 4.2.2 Test furnace 3 4.2.3 Type and size of specimens and test a
11、rrangement 3 4.2.4 Procedure 3 4.2.4.1 Fire test with minimum exposure to fire . 3 4.2.4.2 Fire test based on the standard temperature-time curve 4 4.2.4.3 Fire test with exposure. to smouldering fire. . 4 Page 5 Service shafts and ducts, barriers across inspection 5.1 Requirements . 4 4 5.2.1 Test
12、furnace 4 5.2.2 Type and size of specimens and test 5.2.3 Procedure 4 5.3 Testing of service ducts . 4 5.3.1 Test furnace 4 5.3.2 Type and size of specimens and test 5.3.3 Procedure 4 5.4 Testing of barriers across inspection openings . 4 5.4.1 5.4.2 Procedure 5 openings 4 5.2 Testing of service sha
13、fts . arrangement 4 arrangement 4 Type and size of specimens and test arrangement 4 6 Test certificate 5 Standards referred to 11 Other relevant documents 11 Explanatory notes .12 Continued on pages 2 to 12 Page 2 DIN 4102 Part 11 Fire resinance class Fire resistance class of service shafts and Fire
14、 resistance for measures against ducts and barriers time, in min the spread of fire along pipes across their inspection open i ngs - R 30 I 30 E 30 R 60 I 60 2 60 R 90 I 90 2 90 R 120 I120 2 120 1 Scope and field of application This standard defines concepts relating to fire protection and specifies
15、 requirements and tests for measures taken to prevent the spread of fire along service shafts and ducts, and along pipes, including any pipe insulating layers and sheathing. Pipe encasements and pipe bushings, service shafts and ducts shall be so designed as to prevent the spread of fire and smoke t
16、hrough floors and walls during the fire resistance time specified in table 1. The protective measures evaluated in accordance with this standard do not cover the risk of fire spread due to the passage of heat along pipes. The risk of damage as a consequence of the thermal elongation or shortening of
17、 the pipes is dealt with only in respect of the structure of the specimens. The testing of service ducts as specified in this standard does not cover the risk of damage caused by falling pipe and cable supports or ducts, nor does it include an assessment of the reliability of the pipes and cables la
18、id inside them, such as emergency power supply lines. ) In addition, this standard does not deal with the possibility of the leakage of dangerous liquids or gases as a result of the destruction of pipes under fire conditions. This standard does not apply to the testing of sealing compounds for cable
19、 bushings2) nor to the testing of ventilation shafts and fire dampers for preventing the spread of fire along ventilation ducts (see DIN 4102 Part 6). However, this does not exclude the use of service shafts assigned to fire resistance classes I 30 to I 120 and tested as specified in this standard a
20、s fire resistant encasements for vertical ventilation ducts with fire dampers made of sheet steel in accordance with DIN 18017 Parts 1 t03). This standard does not deal with methods of testing cable ducts covered by DIN VDE 0604 Parts 1 to 3 (at present at the stage of draft), trunking for undergrou
21、nd cable ducts covered by DIN VDE 0634 Part 2 (at present at the stage of draft) nor with pipes used for the convey- ance of shavings, or used as laundry chutes or for waste disposal. 2 Concepts 2.1 Fire resistance time The fire resistance time is the minimum length of time, in minutes, during which
22、 fire and smoke is prevented by protective measures from spreading along pipes or service shafts and ducts and through barriers across inspection openings in fire tests carried out as specified in sub- clauses 4.2.4.2, 5.2.3,5.3.3 or 5.4.2 using the standard Table I. Fire resistance classes R and I
23、*) temperature-time curve. The fire resistance classes given in table 1 are differentiated according to the fire resistance time. 2.2 Measures taken to prevent the spread of fire along pipes (pipe bushings) The provision of pipe bushings is to be regarded as a measure serving to prevent the spread o
24、f fire along pipes. The bushings are installed at points at which pipes pass through a building component for which fire resistance req u i rernents ex ist. The provision of pipe encasements (complete or partial encasements) or the concealing of pipes under plaster shall also be regarded as a measur
25、e serving to prevent the spread of fire along pipes. 2.3 Service shafts For the purposes of this standard, service shaftsre building components which are separate from the rest of the structure or placed on the floors of buildings and which can be sealed in the floor zone. A distinction is to be dra
26、wn between: - service shafts for non-combustible services4); - service shafts for any services; - shafts for electrical installations. 2.4 Service ducts For the purposes of this standard, service ducts are non-accessible, predominantly horizontal building com- ponents serving to accomodate electrica
27、l installations, which pass through several rooms. The ducts may be sealed inside where they pass through walls or floors. Cable ducts covered by DIN VDE 0604 Parts 1 to 3 and underground cable ducts covered by DIN VDE 0634 Part 2 are not service ducts as defined in this standard. 2.5 Barriers acros
28、s inspection openings Barriers across inspection openings form part of service shafts and ducts and shall be assessed in connection with these. 3 Verification of fire resistance classes 3.1 Verification on the basis of fire tests Proof of the fire resistance class of pipe encasements, pipe bushings
29、and service shafts and ducts, and barriers across inspection openings shall be provided by means of *) See Explanatory notes. 1 ) Astandard specifying methods of testing the reliability of electric cables in a fire situation is in course of preparation. 2) A standard dealing with the fire behaviour
30、of sealing compounds for cable bushings is in course of preparation. 3) This shall also apply to ventilation ducts conforming to DIN 18 017 Part 1 and Part 3, which are made of other non-combustible materials and are provided with fire dampers, in the case of service shafts it shall only apply if th
31、ese accomodate non-combustible services. 4) However, small quantities of combustible materials for sealing ducts and as insulation against structure-borne noise are permitted at the fixing points. DIN 4102 Part 11 Page 3 a test certificate issued on the basis of tests carried out as specified in thi
32、s standard5). The criterion for classification into a fire resistance class is the least favourable result of tests carried out on not less than two identical specimens. 3.2 Classification into fire resistance classes The service shafts and ducts dealt with in DIN 4102 Part 4 shall be assigned to th
33、e fire resistance class given in DIN 4102 Part 4 without being tested as specified in clause 5. Note. Classified pipe encasements and pipe sealings are not dealtwith in DIN 4102 Part4, March 1981 edition. 4 Pipe encasements and pipe bushings 4.1 Requirements The specimens, assembled with the appropr
34、iate pipes as in practice, shall meet the following requirements in the fire test carried out as specified in subclause 4.2 for the duration of the fire resistance time: a) The passage of fire and smoke from the furnace or from pipe encasements outside the furnace and from thepipesthemselvesshall be
35、 prevented (see DIN 4102 Part 2, September 1977 edition, subclauses 5.2.1 and 6.2.6 for the definition of “passage of fire“). This shall not apply to the upper open end of pipes which, in practice, terminate in the open air. b) The temperature rise above the initial ambient temper- ature on the unex
36、posed surfaces of pipe encasements, pipe sealings and the pipes themselves, outside the furnace, shall not exceed - 140 K as an average value or - 180 K as a maximum value at any point. The above limiting value for the mean temperature rise shall not apply to the testing of pipe sealings. 4.2 Testin
37、g 4.2.1 Sampling Pipe encasements and pipe bushings shall always be tested separately in respect of their use for horizontal and vertical pipes. For pipe bushings installed in floors, heating of the floor soffit constitutes, in general, the less favourable case. In case of doubt, the behaviour when
38、exposed to heat from above shall also be examined. The following details shall be recorded for each pipe encasement or pipe bushing tested: - the minimum inside pipe diameter envisaged, together - the maximum inside pipe diameter envisaged, with the minimum pipe wall thickness; together with the max
39、imum pipe wall thickness; 5) The reliability of coatings, films or similar protective layers applied on the inside, the surface or in the joints of building components, which become effective when exposed to thermal stress, cannot be assessed solely on the basis of this standard; other proofs of sui
40、tability shall be supplied, for example in the context of granting a general building inspectorate approval (in the United Kingdom referred to as agrment) for the building material concerned. - each pipe material envisaged; - each type of pipe envisaged and - where appropriate, blank and spare bushi
41、ngs. 4.2.2 Test furnace The minimum dimensions of the test furnace shall be as given in figure 1; DIN 4102 Part 2 shall apply to all other features of the test furnace. Note. The small-scale test furnace conforming to DIN 4102 Part 8 may also be used for deter- mining single characteristics, such as
42、 the sepa- rating and thermal insulating effect of bushings for non-combustible pipes. 4.2.3 Type and size of specimens and test arrangement For passages of pipes through floors or walls of concrete or masonry, the specimens shall be mounted in 15 cm thick floor slabs or 1 O cm thick walls of aerate
43、d concrete. If the test is to be carried out for other wall or floor thicknesses, this is to be stated in the test certificate (see clause 6). The slabs shall be arranged over an area of not less than 1 m X 1 m around the pipe. For pipe passages through other types of floor or wall, the specimens sh
44、all be installed in building components of the type used in prac- tice. Walls and floors are not to be loaded during testing. The pipes shall be installed as in practice. Fittings occur- ring in practice, for example branches and bends, shall be included in the fire test unless their influence on th
45、e fire behaviour of the pipe encasements and pipe bushings can be assessed reliably without a fire test. Stench traps shall be filled with water. When deciding on a test arrangement, it shall be taken into account whether the pipe passage is fixed or sliding. The appropriate pipe movements shall be
46、carried out during the fire test. Figure 1 shows an example of test arrangement for testing sewer pipes. This test arrangement incorporates branches in the proximity of the floor which are covered completely with a minimum of 2 cm thick mortar in the soffit zone. Gullies not covered by such a layer
47、of mortar shall be tested separately. For pneumatic tube systems and dust extraction ducts, the fire test shall be carried out with a working pressure of -0,5 bar. 4.2.4 Procedure 4.2.4.1 Fire test with minimum exposure to fire This test can be omitted for pipes made solely of non- combustible mater
48、ials (class A as defined in DIN 4102 Part 1 ). In the case of pipe bushings for wall and floor passages of the same type, this test need only be carried out on the vertical pipe. The pipe shall be heated by a flame around 200 mm in length for a period of 10 minutes (see figures 2 and 3). If the pipe
49、 material is removed from the action of the flame by melting, shrinking or partial disintegration of the pipe, the heat source shall be adjusted in such a way that the tip of the flame is approximately 30 mm above the lower edge of the pipe. Flames on the specimen shall not be extinguished. The test shall be deemed concluded only when no further flame formation is observed. The test shall be carried out either on one specimen each as specified in subclause 4.2.4.2 (ignition at the least favourable point) or using a separate test arrangement in accordance with figure 3. Page 4 DIN 4102
