1、Fire Behaviour of Building Materials and Building Components Fire Walls and Non-load-bearina External Walls Definitions, Requirementsand Tests Part 3 I DIN 41 02 Brandverhalten von Baustoffen und Bauteilen; Brandwnde undnichttragende Aussenwnde - Begriffe, Anforderungen und Prfungen This Standard ha
2、s been prepared in the Special Section “Einheitliche Technische Baubestimmungen * (Mandatory Standards concerning Technical Buiding Regulations) of the Normenausschuss Bauwesen (Standanls Committee for Building and Civil Engineering) (NABau). It has been recommended to the Chief Building Inspectorat
3、es b y the Institut fr Bautechnik (Institute for Building Technology), Berlin, for introduction in the building code procedure. This Standard gives concrete form to the definitions-by-test for fire protection technology of the State (regional) Government Building Codes, the associated Implementation
4、 Orders and other legal orders and administrative orders concerning fire protection in buildings. It refers in particular to para. 34 and para. 3 of the Model Building Regulation (MBO) or to the corresponding para- graphs of the relevant State (regional) Government Building Codes. In conjunction wit
5、h the revision of DIN 4 102 Part 2 Fire behaviour of building materials and building components; definitions, requirements and tests on DIN 4 102 Part 3 Fire behaviour of building materials and building components; definitions, requirements and tests on DIN 4 102 Part 4 Fire behaviour of building ma
6、terials and building components, allocation to definitions and the “Supplementary regulations for DIN 4102“ - in each case February 1970 issue - the content of the Standard has also been rearranged: DIN 4 102 Part 1 Fire behaviour of building materials and building components; building materials; de
7、finitions, require- DIN 4 102 Part 2 Fire behaviour of building materials and building components; building components; definitions, DIN 4 102 Part 3 Fire behaviour of building materials and building components; fire walls and non-load-bearing exter- DIN 4 102 Part 4 Fire behaviour of building mater
8、ials and building components; schedule and application of classified building components special building components ments and tests (formerly covered by the supplementary regulations mentioned above) requirements and tests nal walls; definitions, requirements and tests building materials, building
9、components and special building components (at present circulating as draft) glazings resistant against fire; definitions, requirements and tests ments and tests and tests draft form) DIN 4102 Part 5 Fire behaviour of building materials and building components; fire barriem, barriers in lift wells a
10、nd DIN 4 102 Part 6 Fire behaviour of building materials and building components; ventilation ductsf definitions, require- DIN 4 102 Part 7 Fire behaviour of building materials and building components; roofings; definitions, requirements DIN 4 102 Part 8 Fire behaviour of building materials and buil
11、ding components; small scale test furnace (at present in Contents Page 1 Scope . 2 2 Other relevant Standards 2 3 Proof of fire resistance categories. 2 4 Firewalls 2 4.1 Definition 2 4.2 Requirements. 2 4.3 Tests . 2 4.4 Test certificate. 3 5 Non-load-bearing external walls. . 3 5.1 Definition 3 5.
12、2 Fire resistance categories, requirements. 3 5.3 Tests . 4 5.4 Test certificate. 5 Continued on pages 2 to 7 Explanations on page 7 Sole rale righi8 of ennan Standard8 (DIN-Norman) are with Beuth Verlag GmbH. Bedin 30 and Kln 1 DIN 4 102 Teil 3 engl. Preisgr. 6 i i .80 Vertr.-Nr. O1 06 Page 2 DIN 4
13、102 Part 3 Dimensions in mm 1 Scope This Standard lays down fire prevention definitions, requirements and tests of fire walls and of non-load-bear- ing external walls, including parapets and aprons. Load-bearing or non-load-bearing walls, beams and joists are dealt with in DIN 4102 Part 2. No t e :
14、Because of differences in requirements, fire walls and non-load-bearing external walls cannot be classified into fire resistance categories F 30 - F 180 according to DIN 4102 Part 2. 2 Other relevant Standards DIN 4102 Part 1 Fire behaviour of building materials and bu ild ing components; bu Idi ng
15、materials; definitions, requirements and tests DIN 4102 Part 2 Fire behaviour of building materials and building components; building components; definitions, requirements and tests DIN 4102 Part 4 Fire behaviour of building materials and building components; allocation to definitions (February 1970
16、 issue) behaviour of building materials and building components; schedule and application of classified building mate- rials, building components and special bu i Iding components DIN 4102 Part 4 (at present in draft form) Fire 3 Proof of fire resistance categories 3.1 With fire tests Proof of the f
17、ireresistance category of fire walls and non- load-bearing external walls is to be provided by a test certificate based on tests according to this Standard.The least favourable result of tests on at least two test speci- mens is decisive for the assessment. 3.2 Without fire tests The fire walls and
18、non-load-bearing external walls listed in DIN 4102 Part 4 are to be allocated to the fire resist- ance categories indicated there without determination according to Section 3.1. 4 Fire walls) 4.1 Definition Fire walls are walls for separating or delimiting fire com- partments. They are intended to p
19、revent the spread of fire to other buildings or sections of buildings. Fire walls must satisfy the requirements of Sections 4.2.1 to 4.2.4, unless they are required for a longer fire resist- ance time (see Section 4.2.5) in accordance with special building code regulations. 4.2 Requirements 4.2.1 Fi
20、re walls must consist of building materials of category A according to DIN 4102 Part 1. 4.2.2 Fire walls must satisfy the requirements of Sec- tions 4.2.3 and 4.2.4 without claddings. 4.2.3 In the case of central and eccentric loading, fire walls must at least satisfy the requirements of fire resist
21、- ance category F 90 according to DIN 4102 Part 2. 4.2.4 When tested according to Section 4.3.3 under the impact stress defined therein, fire walls must fulfil the load-bearing function and the separating function within the meaning of DIN 4102 Part 2; that is to say: 4.2.4.1 Stability must be maint
22、ained during and after the first two impacts when subjected to a load p, and under the dead weight g of the test specimen after the third impact. 4.2.4.2 The separating function must be maintained during and after the impact stresses in accordance with DIN 4102 Part 2, September 1977 issue, Section
23、5.2.1. 4.2.4.3 During and after the impact stresses, the average temperature of the unexposed side shall not increase above the initial temperature by more than 140 K, the minimum temperature by more than 180 K. 4.2.5 Fire walls having a longer fire resistance time are fire walls which, in contrast
24、to Section 4.2.3, fulfil the requirements of fire resistance category F 120 of F 1802). 4.3 Tests 4.3.1 Test equipment, test specimens and test procedure DIN 4102 Part 2, September 1977 issue,Sections 6.1 and 6.2, applies as appropriate to the test equipment, test specimens and the test procedure; i
25、n addition, the follow- ing is to be observed: 4.3.2 Eccentric load p In both tests required according to Section 3.1, one-leaf test specimens are to be stressed at a distance d/3 from the unexposed side in such a way that the edge stress results in = CJ over the whole of the edge near the load. Wal
26、ls which, during the test period, are so seriously damaged or destroyed on the exposed side that this con- dition by itself brings about a significantly eccentric load are to be tested again by the application of a load at a distance d/3 from the exposed side. Multi-leaf walls are to be tested corre
27、spondingly. ) According to building code regulations, fire walls which do not fulfil all the requirements of Section 4.2 are also permissible; additional evidences of applica- bility are to be provided for such fire walls (e.g. in the context of the granting of a general “bauaufsicht- liche Zulassun
28、g“ (building code licence). 2, According to the regulations of the Association of Insurers against Material Losses, fire walls which, in contrast to Section 4.2.3, belong to fire resistance category F 180 and. in contrast to Sections 4.2.4 and 4.3.3, fulfil the load-bearing and the separating func-
29、tion within the meaning of DIN 4102 Part 2 under an impact stress of 4000 Nm, are deemed to be “complex constructed partitions“; in other respects, the provi- sions of DIN 4102 Part 3, Section 4, apply. DIN 4102 Part 3 Page 3 4.3.3 Impact stress To determine the impact resistance, the test specimen,
30、 set up in front of the test furnace, is subjected, about 5 minutes before the time of classification, twice under the eccentric load p described in Section 4.3.2 and then once without the load p - with only the deadweight g of the wall -to the impact of a sack of lead shot weigh- ing 200 kg and hav
31、ing an impact energy of 3000 Nm in each case, over an area of about 400cm2 on the unex- posed side. The blows are delivered in the form of pen- dulum blows. The length of the pendulum should be about 3 m. The impact stress should normally be applied in the cen- tre of the wall. If the test specimens
32、 are stiffened by, e.g., columns of spanning members, the stressed area is to be so selected that, after one fire test, the unstiffened surface of the wall is stressed and the stiffening is stressed after the second fire test. If, in view of the static system of the wall or of a special method of fi
33、xing, it appears desirable to cover a number of different impact zones, then the impact stress must be applied to all zones of interest; in special cases, addi- tional tests must take place where necessary. 4.3.4 Supporting of test specimens during impact stressing In order to absorb the impact stre
34、sses, the test specimens are to be supported in conformity with nomal practice on not more than two sides. Unless special support con- ditions are envisaged, the upper and lower edges of the aperture of the furnace may be used as load-transferring supports in the case of test specimens supported on
35、two sides; they are to be of sufficiently rigid design to prevent their deformations as a result of the impact stresses. 4.3.5 Evaluation after impact stresses The requirements listed in Section 4.2.4 apply to the evaluation of the test specimens after the impact stresses. 4.4 Test certif iate A tes
36、t certificate shall be prepared covering the test pro. cedure and test results. DIN 4102 Part 2, September 1977 issue, Section 8, applies hereto as appropriate. 5 Non-load-bearing external walls 5.1 Definition Non-load-bearing 3, external walls within the meaning of this Standard are room-sized, sep
37、arating building compo- nents such asexternal wall elements, infill walling, etc. - termed briefly external walls -which, in the event of fire, are stressed only by their dead load and which do not contribute to any stiffening of building components. In addition, however, the building components may
38、 also transmit to load-bearing building components, e.g. shear- walls or floors, any wind loads and horizontal live loads acting on their surface. Non-load-bearing external walls also include a) parapet-height, non-separating, non-load-bearing exter- nal wall elements - termed briefly parapets - and
39、 b) apron-shaped, non separating, non-load-bearing external wall elements - hereinafter termed briefly aprons -, which in any case increase the distance over which the fire has to jump on the outside of buildings. 5.2 Fire resistance categories, requirements 5.2.1 General A distinction is drawn betw
40、een the fire resistance catego- ries listed in Table 1. Table 1. Fire resistance categories W I Fire resistance time in minutes Fire resistance category W 30 W 60 w 90 w 120 W 180 2 30 2 60 2 90 h 120 h 180 5.2.2 Requirements placed on external walls 5.2.2.1 When subjected to fire attack from inside
41、 by exposure to flame according to DIN 4102 Part 2, Septem- ber 1977 issue, Section 6.2.4 (ETK = time-temperature function) as appropriate to their fire resistance categories, external walls must not collapse. 5.2.2.2 External walls must withstand the impact test according to DIN 4102 Part 2, Septem
42、ber 1977 issue, Section 6.2.9 in such a way that, as appropriate to their fire resistance category, they do not collapse. 5.2.2.3 When subjected to fire attack from outside by exposure to flame according to Section 5.3.2 (reduced ETK) as appropriate to their fire resistance category, external walls
43、must fulfil the requirements according to DIN 4102 Part 2, September 1977 issue, Section 5. 5.2.3 Requirements placed on parapets4) 5.2.3.1 Parapets which, in accordance with Fig.2 and Fig. 3, are built above the lower edge of the unplastered floor, must not collapse when subjected from inside to fi
44、re attack by exposure to flame according to DIN 4102 Part 2, September 1977 issue, Section 6.2.4 (ETK) as appropriate to their fire resistance category. 5.2.3.2 Parapets must withstand the impact test accord- ing to DIN 4102 Part 2, September 1977 issue, Section 6.2.9 in such a way that, as appropri
45、ate to their fire resistance category, they do not collapse. 5.2.3.3 If, in the assembled condition, there is a vertical joint between the parapet and the unplastered floor, then in the event of fire attack from outside and below by exposure to flame according to DIN 4102 Part 2, Septem- ber 1977 is
46、sue, Section 6.2.4 (ETK), as appropriate to the fire resistance category, the requirements according to DIN 4102 Part 2, September 1977 issue, Section 5, must be fulfilled on the unexposed side of this joint. 5.2.3.4 When subjected to fire attack from outside by exposure to flame according to Sectio
47、n 5.3.2 (reduced ETK) as appropriate to their fire resistance category, parapets must fulfil the requirements according to DIN 4102 Part 2, September 1977 issue, Section 5. 3) Components which take loads or which stiffen compo- nents, are load-bearing and stiffening components to be evaluated accord
48、ing to DIN 4102 Part 2. 4, In accordance with building code regulations, parapets, aprons or parapets in conjunction with aprons must have certain minimum heights. Page4 DIN 4102 Part 3 When evaluating the increase of temperature on the unex- posed side, the upper 10 cm wide edge strip of the test s
49、pecimen may be ignored. If the requirements are already fulfilled by the test of the vertical joint, proof according to Section 5.2.3.4 is not necessary. 5.2.4 Requirements placed on aprons 4, 5.2.4.1 Aprons which, in accordance with Fig. 4, are built below the upper edge of the unplastered floor, must not collapse when subjected to fire from inside and out- side in the course of two tests by exposure to flame according to DIN 4102 Part 2, September 1977 issue, Section 6.2.4 (ETK) as appropriate to their fire resistance category; they must remain in the form of a single unit to ma
