1、April 2009DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 11No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 01.040.13; 13.110; 13.18
2、0!$W%Z“1520255www.din.deDDIN EN 1005-1Safety of machinery Human physical performance Part 1: Terms and definitions (includes Amendment A1:2008)English version of DIN EN 1005-1:2009-04Sicherheit von Maschinen Menschliche krperliche Leistung Teil 1: Begriffe (enthlt nderung A1:2008)Englische Fassung D
3、IN EN 1005-1:2009-04SupersedesDIN EN 1005-1:2002-02www.beuth.deDocument comprises 16 pagesDIN EN 1005-1:2009-04 2 Start of validity This standard takes effect on 1 April 2009. DIN EN 1005-1:2002-02 may be used in parallel until 28 December 2009. National foreword This standard includes safety requir
4、ements within the meaning of the Gerte- und Produktsicherheitsgesetz (GPSG) (German Equipment and Product Safety Act) and in connection with European legislation (EC Machinery Directive), which has been implemented by national legislation. This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/T
5、C 122 “Ergonomics” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany) in connection with the amended EC Machinery Directive. The responsible German bodies involved in its preparation were the Normenausschuss Ergonomie (Ergonomics Standards Committee) and the Normenausschuss Maschinenbau (Mechanical Engineering Standards C
6、ommittee), Joint Technical Committee NA 023-00-03 GA Anthropometrie und Biomechanik. This standard contains specifications meeting the essential requirements set out in Annex I of the “Machinery Directive”, Directive 98/37/EC (valid until 28 December 2009), and the “revised Machinery Directive”, Dir
7、ective 2006/42/EC, which takes effect on 29 December 2009, and which apply to machines that are either first placed on the market or commissioned within the EEA. This standard serves to facilitate proof of compliance with the essential requirements of the directives. Once this standard is cited in t
8、he Official Journal of the European Union, it is deemed a “harmonized” standard and thus, a manufacturer applying this standard may assume compliance with the requirements of the Machinery Directive (“presumption of conformity”). Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 1005-1:2002-02 as follows
9、: a) Inclusion of Annex ZB (informative) “Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC”. Previous editions DIN EN 1005-1: 2002-02 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1005-1:2001+A1 October 2008 ICS 01.040.13; 13.110; 13.180 Su
10、persedes EN 1005-1:2001 English Version Safety of machinery - Human physical performance - Part 1: Terms and definitions Scurit des machines - Performance physique humaine - Partie 1: Termes et dfinitions Sicherheit von Maschinen - Menschliche krperliche Leistung - Teil 1: Begriffe This European Sta
11、ndard was approved by CEN on 30 September 2001 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 18 August 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterati
12、on. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by transla
13、tion under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
14、 Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Man
15、agement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1005-1:2001+A1:2008: EEN 1005-1:2001+A1:2008 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5
16、3 Terms and definitions .5 Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC“ .12 Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/
17、EC“.13 Bibliography 14 DIN EN 1005-1:2009-04 EN 1005-1:2001+A1:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1005-1:2001+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard
18、, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-08-18. This document supersedes EN 1005-1:2001. The start and
19、 finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! “. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !For relationship with EU
20、Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.“ EN 1005 consists of the following Parts, under the general title “Safety of machinery Human physical performance: Part 1: Terms and definitions; Part 21): Manual handling of machinery and component parts of
21、machinery; Part 3: Recommended force limits for machinery operation; Part 41): Evaluation of working postures and movements in relation to machinery; Part 51): Risk assessment for repetitive handling at high frequency. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organiz
22、ations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Roma
23、nia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. 1)This European Standard is under preparation by CEN/TC 122/WG 4 “Biomechanics“. DIN EN 1005-1:2009-04 EN 1005-1:2001+A1:2008 (E) 4 Introduction Ergonomically designed work systems enhance safety, effectiveness and efficiency, i
24、mprove human working and living conditions, and counteract adverse effects on human health and performance. Good ergonomic design therefore exerts a favourable influence on the work system, and on the reliability of the human being within it. This European Standard is one of several ergonomic standa
25、rds for the safety of machinery. EN 614-1 describes the principles manufacturers should adopt in order to take account of ergonomic factors. This standard has been prepared to be a harmonised standard in the sense of the Machinery Directive and associated EFTA regulations. This European Standard is
26、a type B standard as stated in EN 1070. The provisions of this document may be supplemented or modified by a type C standard. NOTE For machines which are covered by the scope of a type C standard and which have been designed and built according to the provisions of that standard, the provisions of t
27、hat type C standard take precedence over the provisions of this type B standard. This European Standard has five parts that are intended to cover the range of human physical performance variables relating to machinery design. The scope contained within each document defines the boundaries of their a
28、pplication. Figure 1 illustrates the relationship between the standards concerning the different aspects of human performance. The relationship between standards proceed from those between the different aspects of human physical performance: body dimensions directly influence the shape of postures a
29、nd movements as well as the available muscle strength, which further vary with postures and movements. Figure 1 Relation between physical performance parameters and standards 1)This European Standard is under preparation by CEN/TC 122/WG 4 “Biomechanics“. DIN EN 1005-1:2009-04 EN 1005-1:2001+A1:2008
30、 (E) 5 EN 1005-21), EN 1005-3 and EN 1005-41)adopt a risk assessment approach. The procedures in each part of the standard are different. The study of human physical loading whilst handling/operating machinery relies on methods and techniques developed by different research disciplines (e.g. epidemi
31、ology, biomechanics, physiology, psychophysics). This document aims to define relevant concepts to further co-operation between research disciplines in this field, and to improve the application of standards when designing machinery. 1 Scope This European Standard provides terms and definitions on c
32、oncepts and parameters used for EN 1005-21), prEN 1005-3, EN 1005-41)and EN 1005-51). Basic concepts and general ergonomic principles for the design of machinery are dealt with in EN 292-1, EN 292-2 and EN 614-1. This document is not applicable to specify the machinery which is manufactured before t
33、he date of publication of this document by CEN. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For date
34、d references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 292-1:1991, Safety of ma
35、chinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology. EN 1005-21), Safety of machinery Human physical performance Part 2: Manual handling of machinery and component parts of machinery. prEN 1005-3:2001, Safety of machinery Human physical performance Part 3
36、: Recommended force limits for machinery operation. EN 1005-41), Safety of machinery Human physical performance Part 4: Evaluation of working postures and movements in relation to machinery. EN 1005-51), Safety of machinery Human physical performance Part 5: Risk assessment for repetitive handling a
37、t high frequency. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 1070 together with the following apply. 3.1 abduction movement of a limb away from the median plane. See Figure 2 and Figure 3 3.2 action the activation of a muscle(s) during a
38、 task in order to perform a task/operation (as opposed to rest) 1)This European Standard is under preparation by CEN/TC 122/WG 4 “Biomechanics“. DIN EN 1005-1:2009-04 EN 1005-1:2001+A1:2008 (E) 6 3.3 action period the duration of a single cycle of a recurrent event which includes both the rest and a
39、ction time 3.4 adduction movement of a limb towards the median plane. See Figure 2 and Figure 3 Key 1 median or sagittal plane 2 coronal or frontal plane 3 transverse or horizontal plane Key 1 abduction 2 adduction 3 neutral Figure 2 Planes Figure 3 Abduction and adduction 3.5 angle of asymmetry the
40、 angle formed between the lines that result from the intersections of the mid-sagittal plane and the plane of asymmetry. If the feet are repositioned during the lift/lower sequence, the referent planes shall be determined at the point in the action sequence wherein the largest degree of asymmetrical
41、 twist is encountered. See Figure 4 DIN EN 1005-1:2009-04 EN 1005-1:2001+A1:2008 (E) 7 Key 1 vertical 2 projection from centre of gravity of load 3 asymmetry line 4 asymmetry angle () 5 mid-sagittal plane 6 top view 7 mid-point between inner ankle bones Figure 4 Angle of asymmetry 3.6 general workin
42、g population the adult working population which does not include: the physically disadvantaged and those under the legal minimum working age 3.7 grip of object the manner by which objects can be handled (held and/or moved with the hands). The type of grip applied (e.g. pinch grip, hook grip, power g
43、rip), and the design and placement in relation to the characteristics of both the task and the object handled will determine the degree of difficulty of the handling task DIN EN 1005-1:2009-04 EN 1005-1:2001+A1:2008 (E) 8 3.7.1 pinch grip grip made with the thumb and the forefinger. See Figure 5 3.7
44、.2 hook grip with the hook grip the fingers are active and the thumb has a passive role. The proximal and distal interphalangeal joints are flexed around the handle. See Figure 5 3.7.3 power grip grip in which fingers and thumb are opposed and clasped around the object to provide maximal surface con
45、tact with the palm. This grip serves mainly to apply high forces or to prevent objects from rotating. See Figure 5 pinch grips hook grip power grips finger tip pinch hook grip diagonal grip palmar pinch transverse grip lateral pinch Figure 5 Types of grip 3.8 manual handling any activity requiring t
46、he use of human force to lift, lower, carry or otherwise move or restrain any object DIN EN 1005-1:2009-04 EN 1005-1:2001+A1:2008 (E) 9 3.8.1 manual lifting an object is said to be lifted by human force when it is moved from its initial position upwards or downwards 3.8.2 manual carrying when an obj
47、ect remains lifted and is moved horizontally by human force, it is carried 3.8.3 horizontal location (H) horizontal distance of the midpoints of the hands away from the mid-point between the ankles, measured at the origin and destination of lift. See Figure 6 3.8.4 vertical location (V) vertical dis
48、tance of the midpoints of the hands above the floor, measured at the origin and destination of a lift. See Figure 6 3.8.5 vertical displacement (D) absolute value of the difference between the vertical heights at the destination and the origin of the lift. See Figure 6 3.8.6 reference mass recommend
49、ed mass (kg) to be used in the risk assessment method related to an intended user population 3.8.7 actual mass mass of the object(s) to be handled manually (kg) 3.9 operator the person or persons given the task of installing, operating, adjusting, maintaining, cleaning, repairing or transporting machinery (see 3.21 of EN 292-1:1991). For the purpose of this European Standard the assembling and the dismantling of the machinery is also included in the task of the operator 3.10 posture the position of the body, a/the body segment(s)
