1、January 2009DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 14No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 13.110; 13.180!$U(t“15
2、00581www.din.deDDIN EN 1005-3Safety of machinery Human physical performance Amendment A1:2008)English version of DIN EN 1005-3:2009-01Sicherheit von Maschinen Menschliche krperliche Leistung Teil 3: Empfohlene Kraftgrenzen bei Maschinenbettigung (enthlt nderung A1:2008)Englische Fassung DIN EN 1005-
3、3:2009-01SupersedesDIN EN 1005-3:2002-05www.beuth.deDocument comprises 30 pagesPart 3: Recommended force limits for machinery operation (includesDIN EN 1005-3:2009-01 2 Start of validity This standard takes effect on 1 January 2009. DIN EN 1005-3:2002-05 may be used in parallel until 28 December 200
4、9. National foreword This standard includes safety requirements within the meaning of the Gerte- und Produktsicherheitsgesetz (GPSG) (German Equipment and Consumer Goods Safety Law) and in connection with European legislation (EC Machinery Directive), which has been implemented by national legislati
5、on. This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany) taking into account the new revised EU Machinery Directive. The responsible German bodies involved in its preparation were the Normenausschuss Ergonomie (Ergonomics Standards Committee) and
6、 the Normenausschuss Maschinenbau (Mechanical Engineering Standards Committee), Joint Technical Committee NA 023-00-03 GA Anthropometrie und Biomechanik. This standard concretizes the basic requirements set out in Annex I of the EU Machinery Directive 98/37/EC (valid until 28 December 2009) and the
7、new EU Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC which becomes applicable on 29 December 2009 relating to machinery to be placed on the EEA market, with the intent of simplifying the means of proving conformity with such requirements. Once this standard is designated a harmonized standard in the Official Journ
8、al of the European Union, a manufacturer applying this standard may assume compliance with the requirements of the Machinery Directive (the so-called “presumption of conformity”). Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 1005-3:2002-05 as follows: a) Inclusion of Annex ZB (informative) “Relation
9、ship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC”. Previous editions DIN EN 1005-3: 2002-05 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1005-3:2002+A1 October 2008 ICS 13.110; 13.180 Supersedes EN 1005-3:2002 English Version Safety of machinery -
10、 Human physical performance - Part 3: Recommended force limits for machinery operation Scurit des machines - Performance physique humaine - Partie 3: Limites des forces recommandes pour lutilisation de machines Sicherheit von Maschinen - Menschliche krperliche Leistung - Teil 3: Empfohlene Kraftgren
11、zen bei Maschinenbettigung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 November 2001 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 18 August 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status o
12、f a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A ver
13、sion in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, D
14、enmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMAL
15、ISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1005-3:2002+A1:2008: EEN 1005-3:2002+A1:2008 (E) Contents Foreword3 Introduction .4
16、1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Recommendations.5 4.1 General recommendations and information .5 4.2 Risk assessment of action forces5 4.2.1 Step A: Determination of basic force generating capacity .8 4.2.2 Step B: Determination of adjusted capacity .10 4.2.3 Step C:
17、Evaluation of tolerability and risk 11 4.3 Factors affecting risk 12 4.3.1 Working posture 12 4.3.2 Acceleration and movement precision13 4.3.3 Vibration .13 4.3.4 Man-machine interaction 13 4.3.5 Personal protective equipment 13 4.3.6 External environment 13 Annex A (informative) Calculation proced
18、ure for Alternative 2 14 A.1 General14 A.2 Input parameters14 A.3 Procedure .15 A.3.1 Force distribution 15 A.3.2 Logarithmic transformation16 A.3.3 Calculation of force percentiles .16 A.4 Results 17 Annex B (informative) Calculation procedure for Alternative 3 18 B.1 General18 B.2 Input parameters
19、18 B.2.1 Force .18 B.2.2 User demography 19 B.3 Procedure .20 B.3.1 Synthetical distribution parameters of subgroups 20 B.3.2 Logarithmic distributions .21 B.3.3 Generation of new distribution functions of male and female subgroups22 B.3.4 Weighting and combining of all subgroup distributions.23 B.3
20、.5 Calculation of percentiles .24 B.4 Result 24 Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC“ .25 Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of
21、EU Directive 2006/42/EC“.26 Bibliography 27 DIN EN 1005-3:2009-01 Page 2EN 1005-3:2002+A1:2008 (E) Foreword This document (EN 1005-3:2002+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the stat
22、us of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-08-18. This document supersedes EN 1
23、005-3:2002. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! “. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !
24、For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.“ EN 1005 consists of the following parts, under the general title “Safety of machinery - Human physical performance”: Part 1: Terms and definitions; Part 21): Manual handling of machi
25、nery and component parts of machinery; Part 3: Recommended force limits for machinery operation; Part 41): Evaluation of working postures and movements in relation to machinery; Part 51): Risk assessment for repetitive handling at high frequency. Annexes A and B are for information only. According t
26、o the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lit
27、huania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. 1)This European Standard is under preparation by CEN/TC 122/WG 4 “Biomechanics“. DIN EN 1005-3:2009-01 3EN 1005-3:2002+A1:2008 (E) Introduction Within the lif
28、e cycle of a machine from construction to dismantling, various machine-related actions require muscular force exertion. Muscular force exertion causes strain to the musculo-skeletal system. Unfavourable musculo-skeletal strain corresponds to the risk of fatigue, discomfort and musculo-skeletal disor
29、ders. The manufacturer of a machine is in a position to control these health risks by optimising the required forces, while taking into account the frequency, duration and variation of force exertion. The calculation procedure and the recommended limits in this standard aim to reduce the health risk
30、 for the operator as well as to increase the flexibility and possibility for a larger population to operate the machines which increases efficiency and profitability. This standard has been prepared to be harmonised standard in the sense of the Machinery Directive and associated EFTA regulations. Th
31、is standard is written in conformity with EN 1050 and gives the user hazard identification for harm through musculo-skeletal disorders and tools for qualitative and, to an extent, a quantitative risk assessment. The tools for the risk assessment also implicate how to do the risk reduction. This stan
32、dard does not deal with risks connected to accidents. The recommendations provided by this standard are based on available scientific evidence concerning the physiology and epidemiology of manual work. The knowledge is, however, scarce and the suggested limits are subject to changes according to fut
33、ure research. In accordance with the rules for CEN/CENELEC-standards Part 2, 4.9.3, European Standards are reviewed at intervals not exceeding five years. This European Standard is a type B standard as stated in EN 1070. The provisions of this document can be supplemented or modified by a type C sta
34、ndard. NOTE For machines which are covered by the scope of a type C standard and which have been designed and built according to the provisions of that standard, the provisions of that type C standard take precedence over the provisions of this type B standard. 1 Scope This European Standard present
35、s guidance to the manufacturer of machinery or its component parts and the writer of C-standards in controlling health risks due to machine-related muscular force exertion. This standard specifies recommended force limits for actions during machinery operation including construction, transport and c
36、ommissioning (assembly, installation, adjustment), use (operation, cleaning, fault finding, maintenance, setting, teaching or process changeover) decommissioning, disposal and dismantling. The standard applies primarily to machines which are manufactured after the date of issue of the standard. This
37、 standard applies on one hand to machinery for professional use operated by the adult working population, who are healthy workers with ordinary physical capacity, and on the other hand to machinery for domestic use operated by the whole population including youth and old people. The recommendations
38、are derived from research on European population. This document is not applicable to specify the machinery which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN. DIN EN 1005-3:2009-01 4EN 1005-3:2002+A1:2008 (E) 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by da
39、ted or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard
40、 only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 614-1, Safety of machinery - Ergonomic design principles - Part 1: Terminology and general principles. EN 1005-1:2001, Safety of machine
41、ry - Human physical performance - Part 1: Terms and definitions. EN 1070, Safety of machinery Terminology. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 614-1, EN 1005-1:2001 and EN 1070 apply. 4 Recommendations 4.1 General recommendations
42、and information The manufacturer should first consider EN 292-2:1991, annex A and EN 614-1 and EN 614-2 and then use the procedure for determining force limits presented below. It is crucially important that the operator is in control of the operation sequences and the pace of the machinery. Further
43、more, machines shall be designed in a way so that actions demanding force exertion can be performed optimally with respect to the posture of body and limbs and the direction of force application. In addition machines shall be designed to allow for variations in movements and force exertions. The ris
44、k assessment procedure conveyed by this standard should formally be carried out for each action occurring during handling of the machinery. It may be noted, however, that infrequently occurring actions with low force demands may be assessed on an overview base. Actions related to the handling of con
45、trol actuators are considered in EN 894-3, however the present standard provides additional important information related to physical capacity and safety of the operator. 4.2 Risk assessment of action forces The risk assessment in the present standard is based on the force generating capacity of the
46、 intended users, and follows a three-step procedure as illustrated in Figure 1. In step A, the maximal isometric force generating capacity is determined for relevant actions within specified intended user populations. Within the scope of this standard the determination of maximal forces can be carri
47、ed out according to three alternative methods. In step B, the force generating in step A capacity is reduced, according to the circumstances under which the force is to be generated (velocity, frequency and duration of action). The reduction is achieved by a set of multipliers. Basically, the output
48、 is a force that may be delivered without substantial fatigue. In step C, the risk associated with the intended use of the machinery is assessed. The risk evaluation is accomplished using risk multipliers, reducing the maximal attainable force from step B to values associated with different levels o
49、f risk. The risk assessment focuses on musculo-skeletal disorders, and is preferentially based on the assumption that decreasing fatigue during work is effective in reducing disorders. DIN EN 1005-3:2009-01 5EN 1005-3:2002+A1:2008 (E) The recommended force limits are applicable to most men and women in a general population in optimal action posture and under ideal circumstances. The limits are calculated for an optimal range of motion of the joints involved in the respective actions. It is recommended to let force limits for professional users correspon
