1、February 2016 English price group 11No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 97.220.40!%LL5“2414118www.din.d
2、eDIN EN 12491Paragliding equipment Emergency parachutes Safety requirements and test methods;English version EN 12491:2015,English translation of DIN EN 12491:2016-02Ausrstung fr das Gleitschirmfliegen Rettungsfallschirme Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und Prfverfahren;Englische Fassung EN 1249
3、1:2015,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 12491:2016-02quipement pour le parapente Parachute de secours Exigences de scurit et mthodes dessai;Version anglaise EN 12491:2015,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 12491:2016-02SupersedesDIN EN 12491:2001-07www.beuth.deDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of
4、 doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 19 pages 01.16 DIN EN 12491:2016-02 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN 12491:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 136 “Sports, playground and other rec
5、reational facilities and equipment” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was DIN-Normenausschuss Sport- und Freizeitgert (DIN Standards Committee Sports Equipment), Working Committee NA 112-03-11 AA Gleitschirme. This standard includes safety requireme
6、nts. Where this standard has been identified by the Ausschuss fr Produktsicherheit (German Committee for Product Safety) and reference to it has been published in the Gemeinsames Ministerialblatt (German Joint Ministerial Gazette) by the Bundesanstalt fr Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (BAuA) (Germ
7、an Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health), it is to be presumed that paragliding equipment which complies with this standard fulfils the relevant health and safety requirements. In Germany, paragliders are subject in full to the Luftverkehrsgesetz (LuftVG) (German Air Traffic Act) and
8、 to all regulations implementing this act. Compliance with airworthiness requirements shall be demonstrated in accordance with 11 of the Verordnung zur Prfung von Luftfahrtgert (LuftGerPV) (German Ordinance on Aircraft and Aeronautical Products). The airworthiness requirements to be met shall be tho
9、se listed in 1 under number 7 Luftsportgerte of the 2. DV LuftGerPV (Second Regulation Implementing the Ordinance on Aircraft and Aeronautical Products). The present standard supplements the construction regulations by giving practical instructions for implementing these regulations. The European St
10、andards referred to in this document have been published as DIN EN Standards with the same number. Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 12491:2001-07 as follows: a) the standard has been editorially revised; b) characteristics and requirements for steerable parachutes have been introduced; c
11、) the test files information and items accompanying the test file have been updated; d) the user manual content has been updated. Previous editions DIN EN 12491: 2001-07 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12491 November 2015 ICS 97.220.40 Supersedes EN 12491:2001English Version Par
12、agliding equipment - Emergency parachutes - Safety requirements and test methods quipement pour le parapente - Parachute de secours -Exigences de scurit et mthodes dessai Ausrstung fr das Gleitschirmfliegen - Rettungsfallschirme - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und Prfverfahren This European St
13、andard was approved by CEN on 26 September 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concer
14、ning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into
15、 its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Ge
16、rmany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE F
17、R NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12491:2015 EEN 12491:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 3 Introduction 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normativ
18、e references 5 3 Terms and definitions . 5 4 Safety requirements . 8 4.1 Deployment system 8 4.2 Speed of opening . 8 4.3 Descent rate and stability 8 4.3.1 Unsteerable parachute 8 4.3.2 Steerable parachute . 8 4.4 Strength 9 4.5 Additional requirements for steerable parachutes 9 5 Test methods 9 5.
19、1 Test apparatus 9 5.2 Test conditions . 9 5.3 Procedure. 9 5.3.1 General 9 5.3.2 Deployment system strength test 10 5.3.3 Speed of opening test 10 5.3.4 Descent rate and stability test . 10 5.3.5 Strength test . 10 5.3.6 Additional tests for steerable parachutes . 11 6 Test files 11 6.1 Test file i
20、nformation . 11 6.2 Items accompanying the test files 12 7 Manufacturing record . 12 8 Users manual 12 9 Marking 14 Annex A (informative) Example of marking label . 15 Annex B (normative) Formula to be used for correcting the test mass for differences from ICAO standard atmosphere 16 Annex C (inform
21、ative) Example drop test device 17 DIN EN 12491:2016-02 EN 12491:2015(E)3 European foreword This document (EN 12491:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 136 “Sports, playground and other recreational facilities and equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European S
22、tandard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this
23、document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12491:2001. This standard is one of a package of standards on equipment for paragliding as follows: EN 926-1, Paragliding equipmen
24、t Paragliders Part 1: Requirements and test methods for structural strength; EN 926-2, Paragliding equipment Paragliders Part 2: Requirements and test methods for classifying flight safety characteristics; EN 1651, Paragliding equipment Harnesses Safety requirements and strength tests; EN 12491, Par
25、agliding equipment Emergency parachutes Safety requirements and test methods. In comparison with the previous edition EN 12491:2001, the following significant changes have been made: a) editorial revision; b) introduction of characteristics and requirements for steerable parachutes; c) update of tes
26、t files information and items accompanying the test file; d) update of user manual content. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, C
27、zech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United King
28、dom. DIN EN 12491:2016-02 EN 12491:2015 (E) 4 Introduction The aim of this European Standard is to enhance paraglider pilots safety by testing to confirm that emergency parachutes are likely to be able to perform their intended function. The tests do not include any compatibility tests with alternat
29、ive inner containers. Emergency parachutes shall be supplied by the manufacturer for testing complete with attachments suitable for connection to an EN 1651 paragliding harness, and parachutes will be tested as if they were so connected. These connections are made in such a way, and/or using resista
30、nt material, so that they are not subject to friction or heat failure due to the tightening or slipping possible under shock loads. Any metal link is installed in such a way as to minimize any risk of injury to the pilot in an emergency deployment, and to ensure that it will be loaded in the directi
31、on of its maximum strength. DINEN 12491:2016-02EN 12491:2015(E)5 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to emergency parachutes deployed by the action of the pilot without any other assistance (mechanical or pyrotechnic), intended for use with single-seater or two-seater paragliders. 2 Normati
32、ve references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) ap
33、plies. EN 926-1, Paragliding equipment Paragliders Part 1: Requirements and test methods for structural strength EN 1651, Paragliding equipment Harnesses Safety requirements and strength tests 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 p
34、araglider ultra light glider with no primary rigid structure, for which take-off and landing are on foot, with the pilot (and potentially one passenger) carried in a harness (or harnesses) connected to the wing 3.2 emergency parachute emergency device intended to slow the descent of a paraglider pil
35、ot in the event of an incident in flight, which is deployed by the pilot by an intentional manual action Note 1 to entry: This may be unsteered or steerable. 3.3 riser lowest part of the parachute system, which is connected to the harness Note 1 to entry: Examples of risers are presented in Figure 1
36、 and Figure 2. 3.4 suspension lines multiple cords connecting the emergency parachute canopy to the riser(s) DIN EN 12491:2016-02 EN 12491:2015 (E) 6 Key 1 suspension lines 2 riser 3 paragliding harness emergency parachute bridle Figure 1 Example of unsteerable emergency parachute components DIN EN
37、12491:2016-02 EN 12491:2015 (E) 7 Key 1 suspension lines 2 risers Figure 2 Example of steerable emergency parachute components 3.5 outer container external container, either supplied as part of the harness, or by the parachute manufacturer for attachment to a harness 3.6 inner container or deploymen
38、t bag container of the folded emergency parachute 3.7 deployment system inner container and either the handle attachment point(s) or handle assembly 3.8 emergency parachute system emergency parachute combined with its deployment system DIN EN 12491:2016-02 EN 12491:2015 (E) 8 3.9 shock absorbing dev
39、ice any special component fitted within the parachute system to reduce the opening shock forces on the pilot and parachute in high speed deployments Note 1 to entry: If fitted they should be clearly identified, by label and colour, and maintenance (and replacement) instructions included in the users
40、 manual. 3.10 drop test device rigid test object, of adjustable mass, with one rigid attachment point for the emergency parachute 3.11 payload total weight in flight minus weight of paraglider 3.12 steerable parachute emergency parachute fitted with controls for steering and landing flare 4 Safety r
41、equirements 4.1 Deployment system When tested in accordance with 5.3.2, there shall be no failure of any component of the deployment system. 4.2 Speed of opening When tested in accordance with 5.3.3, in both tests the time interval shall be less than 4 s. 4.3 Descent rate and stability 4.3.1 Unsteer
42、able parachute When tested twice in accordance with 5.3.4: a) in each test the average rate of descent (corrected to ICAO standard atmosphere, see Annex B) shall be less than 5,5 m/s; b) in each test the average horizontal airspeed (corrected to ICAO standard atmosphere, see Annex B) shall be less t
43、han the average rate of descent (glide ratio less than 1:1); c) in each test any oscillations shall reduce; d) the emergency parachute system shall not suffer any permanent deformation (except in the case of any shock absorbing device which is intended to be replaced after any deployment). 4.3.2 Ste
44、erable parachute When tested twice in accordance with 5.3.4: a) in each test the average rate of descent (corrected to ICAO standard atmosphere, see Annex B) shall be less than 4 m/s; DINEN 12491:2016-02EN 12491:2015 (E) 9 b) in each test the average horizontal airspeed (corrected to ICAO standard a
45、tmosphere, see Annex B) shall be less than 5,5 m/s; c) in each test any oscillations shall reduce; d) the emergency parachute system shall not suffer any permanent deformation (except in the case of any shock absorbing device which is intended to be replaced after any deployment). 4.4 Strength When
46、tested in accordance with 5.3.5.1 or 5.3.5.2 (at the discretion of the manufacturer): a) in both tests the emergency parachute shall open fully and absorb the opening shock; b) in both tests the emergency parachute system shall not suffer any significant failure of the primary structure (except in t
47、he case of any shock absorbing device which is intended to be replaced after any deployment); c) in the case of a steerable parachute, in both tests, the controls shall remain locked. 4.5 Additional requirements for steerable parachutes When tested in accordance with 5.3.6, using the emergency parac
48、hutes controls as described in the users manual, the parachute shall not exhibit any abnormal flying characteristics. 5 Test methods 5.1 Test apparatus a) Meteorological measuring equipment to check wind speed, temperature, pressure and humidity; b) zoom lens video camera and video recorder capable
49、of timed single frame analysis; c) drop test device (see Annex C for example design); d) equipment to measure parachute descent rates (see test 5.3.4). 5.2 Test conditions a) Wind shall be less than 10 km/h within the test perimeter; b) no thermals and/or air movements due to aircraft within the test perimeter; c) relative humidity shall be between 40 % and 80 %. 5.3 Procedure 5.3.1 General The parachute shall be presented for tes
