1、DEUTSCHE NORM December 1999 Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non-destructive testing Part 3: Slit camera radiographic method English version of DIN EN 12543-3 DIN - EN 12543-3 ICs 19.100 Zerstrungsfreie Prfung - Charakterisierung von Brennflecken in Industrie-Rnt
2、genanlagen fr die zerstrungsfreie Prfung - Teil 3: Radiographisches Schlitzkamera-Verfahren European Standard EN 12543-3 : 1999 has the status of a DIN Standard. A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by CEN/TC 138. The responsible German body involv
3、ed in its preparation was the Normenausschu Materialprfung (Mate- rials Testing Standards Committee), Technical Committee Durchstrahlungsprfung und Strahlenschutz. EN comprises 8 pages. No pari of this standard may be reproduced without the prior permission of Y Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V.,
4、Berlin. wth Verlag GmbH, D-10772 Berlin, has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen). Ref. No. DIN EN 12543-3 : 1999-1 English price group 06 Sales No. 1106 05.00 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12543-3 September 1999 ICs 19.1 O0 English version Non-destruc
5、tive testing Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non-destructive testing Part 3: Slit camera radiographic method Essais non destructifs - Caractris- tiques des foyers missifs des tubes radiognes industriels utiliss dans les essais non destructifs - Partie 3: Mthode
6、radiographique par chambre fente Verfahren Zerstrungsfreie Prfung - Charakterisierung von Brennflecken in Industrie-Rntgenanlagen fr die zerstrungsfreie Prfung - Teil 3: Radiographisches Schlitzkamera- This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1999-08-1 6. CEN members are bound to comply with th
7、e CENKENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national stand- ards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat
8、or to any CEN member. The European Standards exist in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official vers
9、ions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardizati
10、on Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels O 1999. CEN - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national members. Ref. No. EN 12543-3 : 1999 E Page 2 EN 12543-3 : 1999 Contents
11、Page Foreword 2 Introduction . 3 1Scope . 3 2 Normative references 3 3Terrnsanddefinitions 3 4Testequipment 3 7 5 Measurement and determination of the focal spot size Annex A (informative) Preferred values of dfor the characterization of X-ray tube types . 8 Foreword This European Standard has been
12、prepared by Technical Committee CENITC 138 “Non-destructive testing“, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2000, and conflicting nationa
13、l standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2000. According to the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ic
14、eland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. In the framework of its scope, Technical Committee CENITC 138 entrusted CENITC 138NVG 1 “ionizing Radiation“ with preparing the following standard: EN 12543-3, Non-destructive testing
15、 - Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non- destructive testing - Pan 3: Slit camera radiographic method EN 12543-3 is a part of series of European Standards with the same number; the other parts are the following: EN 12543-1, Non-destructive testing - Characteristi
16、cs of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non- destructive testing - Pari 7: Scanning method EN 12543-2, Non-destructive testing - Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non- destructive testing - Pari 2: Pinhole camera radiographic method EN 12543-4, No
17、n-destructive testing - Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non- destructive testing - Pari 4: Edge method EN 12543-5, Non-destructive testing - Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non- destructive testing - Pari 5: Measurement of t
18、he efective focal spot size of mini and micro focus X-ray tubes. Page 3 EN 12543-3 : 1999 Introduction In order to cover the different requirements for focal spot size measurement, five different methods are described in EN 12543-1 to EN 12543-5. The scanning method (EN 12543-1) is dedicated to thos
19、e applications where quantitative values for the intensity distribution and spot size are needed, i. e. calibration and image processing purposes. The radiographic methods (EN 12543-2 and EN 12543-3) describe the traditional techniques and are dedicated for certification purposes and for field appli
20、cations up to 200 kV. Where no pinhole or slit cameras are available in the field, the edge method (EN 12543-4) may be applied. It repre- sents a very simple method for field application. In order to cover also the micro focus systems, a specific method is presented in EN 12543-5. 1 Scope This Europ
21、ean Standard specifies a method for the measurement of focal spot dimensions above 0,l mm of X-ray systems up to and including 500 kV tube voltage by means of the slit camera radiographic method. The voltage applied for this measurement is restricted to 200 kV. The image quality and the resolution o
22、f X-ray images depend highly on the characteristics of the focal spot, in particular the size and the two-dimensional intensity distribution in the object plane. For the characterization of commercial X-ray tube types (.e. for advertising or trade) the specific maximum values of annex A should be pr
23、eferred. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to
24、or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 584-1 , Non-destructive testing - industrial radiographic film - Part 1: Classificatio
25、n of firn systems for industrial radiography. EN 12543-1, Non-destructive testing - Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non- destruciive - testing - Part I- Scanning method 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definition applies:
26、Focal spot: the X-ray emitting area on the anode of the X-ray tube as seen from the measuring device EN 12543-11. 4 Test equipment 4.1 The Slit Camera The slit camera shall consist of a block with a slit with the dimensions given in figure 1. It shall be made from tungsten or a similiar absorbant ma
27、terial. Page 4 EN 12543-3 : 1999 Dimensions in millimetre ?i Key 1 symmetry axis Figure 1 - Essential dimensions of the block and slit 4.2 The angle between the beam direction and the axis of the slit symmetry (see figure 2) shall be smaller than 3“. When deviating from figure 2, the direction of th
28、e beam shall be indicated. Alignment and position of the slit camera Page 5 EN 12543-3 : 1999 1 focal spot 2 beam direction 3 maximum deviation of the slit symmetry axis Figure 2 - Alignment of the slit camera The incident face of the slit shall be placed at a distance rnfrom the focal spot so that
29、the variation of the magnifi- cation over the length of the actual focal spot does not exceed k 5 % in the beam direction, see figure 3, according to following formulae: n/m= E nl (mk) 2 0.95 E n/ (m-p) 5 1,05 E where E is the magnification. n, m, k and p are given in figure 3. Page 6 EN 12543-3 : 1
30、999 1 plane of anode 2 reference plane 3 radiographic film 4 length of the focal spot 5 beam direction 6 incident face of the slit block 7 length of the actual focal spot !i C Figure 3 - Beam direction, dimensions and planes For the production of a pair of focal spot slit radiographs the slit block
31、shall be orientated so that the length of the slit is normal within ? 5“ to each of two directions of evaluation. For measurements over the length of the focal spot, the direction of evaluation shall be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the X-ray tube assembly. For measurements over the width of
32、the focal spot, the direction of evaluation shall be normal to the direction of the length evaluation. Page 7 EN 12543-3 : 1999 Focal spot size d (mm) 0.1 to 2.0 4.3 Position of the radiographic film Minimum magnification n/m 3: 1 The radiographic film shall be placed normal to the beam direction at
33、 a distance n from the incident face of the slit diaphragm determined from the appropriate magnification, according to table 1 : Table 1 - Magnification for focal spot slit radiographs 4.4 Film type and density The film shall meet the requirements of the film system class C 6 or better according to
34、EN 584-1 and shall be used without screens. The radiograph shall be exposed to a diffuse density between 1,5 and 23. 4.5 Loading factors The X-ray systems shall be 75 YO of the nominal tube voltage, but not more than 200 kV. The X-ray tube current shall be the maximum applicable tube current at the
35、selected systems. 5 Measurement and determination of the focal spot size 5.1 Measurement The radiograph shall be evaluated on an illuminator having a uniform luminance level of 2000 cd/m2 to 3000 cdim? It shall be examined visually using a magnifying lens with a built-in graticule with divisions of
36、0,l mm and a magnification between 5 and 10. The focal spot size is determined separately for the length and width directions by evaluation of the visible dimensions of the blackened area divided by the selected magnification factor. 5.2 Each focal spot size is described by its size /(length) in the
37、 direction of the tube axis and its size w(width) across the tube. The operating parameters of the X-ray tube shall be recorded. NOTE The larger of these sizes shall be used as the “focal spot size d“. A specification of the focal spot size don the X-ray tube shall refer to this standard. If the foc
38、al spot size will be certified, the measurement result has to meet the values of EN 12543-1 within an uncertainty of 10 5. Determination of the focal spot size If the tube axis is not defined, then the direction of the electron trajectory is used instead Page 8 EN 12543-3 : 1999 Annex A (informative) Preferred values of d for the characterization of X-ray tubes Table A.l - Preferred values of din millimetres Additionally to O: the dimensions of /and wcan be indicated in the same steps.
