1、January 2013 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 7No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS
2、 79.040!$w“1936184www.din.deDDIN EN 1316-1Hardwood round timber Qualitative classification Part 1: Oak and beech;English version EN 1316-1:2012,English translation of DIN EN 1316-1:2013-01Laub-Rundholz Qualitts-Sortierung Teil 1: Eiche und Buche;Englische Fassung EN 1316-1:2012,Englische bersetzung
3、von DIN EN 1316-1:2013-01Bois ronds feuillus Classement qualitatif Partie 1: Chne et htre;Version anglaise EN 1316-1:2012,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 1316-1:2013-01SupersedesDIN EN 1316-1:1997-06www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Document c
4、omprises 11 pages 12.12 DIN EN 1316-1:2013-01 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN 1316-1:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 175 “Round and sawn timber” (Secretariat: AFNOR, France). The responsible German body involved in its preparation wa
5、s the Normenausschuss Holzwirtschaft und Mbel (Timber and Furniture Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 042-01-14 AA Rund- und Schnittholz SpA zu CEN/TC 175 und ISO/TC 218. Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 1316-1:1997-06 as follows: a) Clause 4 “Qualitative classification” has bee
6、n completely revised and classes A to D have been defined; b) Table 1 “Grading rules for oak” has been revised and new features have been added; c) Table 2 “Grading rules for beech” has been revised and new features have been added; d) the standard has been editorially revised. Previous editions DIN
7、 EN 1316-1: 1997-06 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1316-1 October 2012 ICS 79.040 Supersedes EN 1316-1:1997English Version Hardwood round timber - Qualitative classification -Part 1: Oakand beech Bois ronds feuillus - Classement qualitatif -Partie 1: Chneet htre Laub-Rundholz -
8、 Qualitts-Sortierung -Teil 1: Eiche undBuche This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 August 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterati
9、on. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
10、 translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
11、Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDI
12、ZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1316-1:2012: EEN 1316-1:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Forewor
13、d 31 Scope 42 Normative references 43 Terms and definitions .44 Qualitative classification .44.1 Grading principles .44.2 Designation of grades .54.3 Features to be taken into account for the classification .55 Tables of rules of grading .6DIN EN 1316-1:2013-01 EN 1316-1:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This doc
14、ument (EN 1316-1:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 175 “Round and sawn timber”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April
15、 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent righ
16、ts. This document supersedes EN 1316-1:1997. This standard is one of a series of standards concerning round timber (softwoods and hardwoods). Other parts of this standard are: EN 1316-2, Hardwood round timber Qualitative classification Part 2: Poplar The main changes compared to the previous edition
17、 are: a) Clause 4 “qualitative classification” completely revised and classes A to D defined; b) Table 1 “grading rules for oak” revised and new features added; c) Table 2 “grading rules for beech” revised and new features added; d) Editorial revision. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulatio
18、ns, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
19、 Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 1316-1:2013-01 EN 1316-1:2012 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a qualitative classification and grade designation
20、s for felled round timber of oak and beech presented in the form of long poles or logs. The classifications describe quality classes of round timbers for which the intended use is not known. The classification applies for the following species: Oaks, Quercus sessiliflora SALISB. (or Quercus petraea
21、LIEBL.), Quercus robur L. (or Quercus pedunculata EHRH.) and Beech (Fagus sylvatica L). 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. Fo
22、r undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 844-1:1995, Round and sawn timber Terminology Part 1: General terms common to round timber and sawn timber EN 844-2:1997, Round and sawn timber Terminology Part 2: General terms relating to rou
23、nd timber EN 844-5:1997, Round and sawn timber Terminology Part 5: Terms relating to dimensions of round timber EN 844-7:1997, Round and sawn timber Terminology Part 7: Terms relating to anatomical structure of timber EN 844-8:1997, Round and sawn timber Terminology Part 8: Terms relating to feature
24、s of round timber EN 844-10:1998, Round and sawn timber Terminology Part 10: Terms relating to stain and fungal attack EN 1309-2, Round and sawn timber Method of measurement of dimensions Part 2: Round timber Requirements for measurement and volume calculation rules EN 1310, Round and sawn timber Me
25、thod of measurement of features EN 1311, Round and sawn timber Method of measurement of biological degrade 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 844-1:1995, EN 844-2:1997, EN 844-5:1997, EN 844-7:1997, EN 844-8:1997 and EN 844-10:1998 apply.
26、 4 Qualitative classification 4.1 Grading principles Each long pole, log or portion of a round timber individualized by a theoretical crosscut point, is qualified according to its dimensions and to the presence, size, and distribution (e.g. concentration) of specific features. DIN EN 1316-1:2013-01
27、EN 1316-1:2012 (E) 5 4.2 Designation of grades The qualitative grading has four classes; A, B, C and D. The grading is based on the following general de-scription of quality classes: Quality class A First quality timber: generally corresponding to a butt log with clear timber or with only minor feat
28、ures which do not restrict use. Quality class B Timber of average to first quality, with no specific requirements for clear wood. Knots are permitted to such an extent as is considered to be average for each species. Quality class C Timber of average to low quality, allowing all quality features whi
29、ch do not seriously reduce the natural features of the wood. Quality class D Timber which can be sawn into usable wood, which, because of its features, falls into none of the quality classes A, B or C. 4.3 Features to be taken into account for the classification The classes are defined more precisel
30、y in Table 1 for oak and Table 2 for beech. All the listed qualitative features in Table 1 and Table 2 shall be taken into account when a class is assigned and measurements shall be made according to EN 1309-2, EN 1310 and EN 1311. In the case of one feature exceeding the limit of the class, which w
31、ould lead to a downgrading, the reduction of length or diameter excluding the feature may allow to remain in this class. This classification shall be completed with the Latin name of specified species. The abbreviation of this Latin name can also be used instead of the full name. EXAMPLE 1 Oak: Quer
32、cus class B or Q-B. EXAMPLE 2 Beech: Fagus class B or F-B. DIN EN 1316-1:2013-01 EN 1316-1:2012 (E) 6 5 Tables of rules of grading Table 1 Grading rules for oak (1 of 2) Features Classes A B C Dc(1) dimension minimum length3 mb3 mb2 mb2 mbminimum mid diameter under barka40 cmb35 cmb30 cmb20 cmb(2) n
33、ail and epicormic shoot 1 per 3 m permitted permitted permitted (3) sound knots 1 per 3 m ( 2 cm)1 per 1 m ( 4 cm) or 1 per 3 m ( 6 cm) permitted permitted (4) unsound knots (including roses) not permitted 1 per 2 m ( 3 cm; 4 cm for roses) no limitation for knots 3 cm and roses 4 cm; 1 per 2 m 10 cm
34、 permitted (5) burl not permitted 1 per 2 m permitted permitted (6) star shake permitted in the central fifth of the radius permitted in the central third of the radius permitted in the central 2/3 of the radius permitted (7) ring shake not permitted permitted in the central fourth of the radius on
35、the butt end only permitted on the butt end only permitted (8) crack not permitted length of the crack on the surface shall be smaller than the mid diameterdlength of the crack on the surface shall be smaller than the doubled mid diameterdpermitted (9) frost crack not permitted not permitted not per
36、mitted permitted (10) insect attack not permitted not permitted permitted in sapwood permitted (11) T disease not permitted not permitted permitted permitted (12) sapwood 3 cm unlimited unlimited unlimited (13) rate of growth 4 mm unlimited unlimited unlimited DIN EN 1316-1:2013-01 EN 1316-1:2012 (E
37、) 7 Table 1 Grading rules for oak (2 of 2) Features Classes A B C Dc(14) colour homogeneousbno require-ments no require-ments no require-ments (15) eccentric pith 10 % 20 % unlimited unlimited (16) spiral grain 4 cm/m 7 cm/m permitted permitted (17) simple sweep 2 cm/m 4 cm/m 10 cm/m permitted (18)
38、included sapwood not permitted not permitted not permitted permitted (19) rotnot permitted permitted in the sapwood permitted in the sapwood and permitted in the central fourth of the diameter permitted (20) brown oaknot permitted not permitted permitted in the central 1/3 of diameter permitted For
39、other features, as e.g. brown spot, brown streak, ovality, specific contract regulations are recommended. aContractors need to agree on a bark reduction. bExcept clauses stipulated by contract. cProvided that at least 80 % of the cross section is usable on the complete length. dIn case of traversing
40、 cracks, a reduction in length should be arranged. eIn case of white rot, a reduction in length should be arranged. DIN EN 1316-1:2013-01 EN 1316-1:2012 (E) 8 Table 2 Grading rules for beech(1 of 2) Features Class A B C De(1) dimensions minimum length3 mb3 mb2 mb2 m minimum mid-diameter under barka4
41、0 cmb35 cmb25 cmb20 cm (2) sound knots 1 per 3 m ( 4 cm) 1 per 1 m ( 6 cm); or 1 per 2 m ( 8 cm) permitted permitted (3) unsound knots not permitted not permitted Sum of knot diameters 8 cm per 2 m permitted (4) covered knots 1 per 3 m if branch scar quotient 1:4 1 per 1 m if branch scar quotient 1:
42、2 and height of scar 10 cm 2 per 1 m permitted (5) spiral grain 3 cm/m 7 cm/m unlimited unlimited (6) eccentric pith 10 % 20 % unlimited unlimited (7) simple sweep 2 cm/m 4 cm/m 8 cm/m permitted (8) ovality 15 % unlimited unlimited unlimited (9) fluting not permitted not permitted permitted permitte
43、d (10) traversing crack not permitted one permitted in one level; length of the crack on the surface shall be smaller than the mid diameter one permitted in one level if the length of the crack on the sur-face is smaller than the doubled mid diameter permitted (11) other cracks not permitted not per
44、mitted permitted, if the longest length of the crack on the surface is smaller than the mid diameter permitted (12) insect attack not permitted not permitted not permitted permitted (13) rot (% of the diameter) not permitted 15 in the heart 25 in the heart permitted (14) red heart (% of the diameter
45、) 15 c 30 dpermitted permitted (15) star red heart (% of the diameter) not permitted 10 40 permitted DIN EN 1316-1:2013-01 EN 1316-1:2012 (E) 9 Table 2 Grading rules for beech (2 of 2) Features Class A B C De(16) stain not permitted not permitted not permitted permitted (17) T disease not permitted
46、1 per m permitted permitted a Contractors need to agree on a bark reduction. bExcept clauses stipulated by contract. cAn “A red heart” under-class allows 100 % of homogeneous red heart, but otherwise sound. dA “B red heart” under-class allows 100 % of homogeneous red heart, but otherwise sound. dFor all the features, in class D, 40 % of the volume of the wood shall be useable. DIN EN 1316-1:2013-01
