1、November 2011 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 11No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).I
2、CS 75.160.10!$vT0“1834913www.din.deDDIN EN 15590Solid recovered fuels Determination of the current rate of aerobic microbial activity using thereal dynamic respiration indexEnglish translation of DIN EN 15590:2011-11Feste Sekundrbrennstoffe Bestimmung des aktuellen Grades aerober mikrobieller Aktivi
3、tt mittels des realendynamischen RespirationsindexesEnglische bersetzung von DIN EN 15590:2011-11Combustibles solides de rcupration Dtermination du taux courant dactivit microbienne arobie au moyen de lindice derespiration dynamiqueTraduction anglaise de DIN EN 15590:2011-11SupersedesDIN CEN/TS 1559
4、0:2007-06www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 18 pages11.11 DIN EN 15590:2011-11 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 343 “Solid recovered fu
5、els” (Secretariat: SFS, Finland). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Materialprfung (Materials Testing Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 062-05-83 AA Sekundrbrennstoffe. The DIN Standard corresponding to the International Standard referred to in
6、this document is as follows: ISO 5725-2 DIN ISO 5725-2 Amendments This standard differs from DIN CEN/TS 15590:2007-06 as follows: a) the title and the scope have been changed; potential microbial self-heating has been replaced by current rate of aerobic microbial activity; b) Clause 3 “Terms and def
7、initions” has been revised; c) Clause 4 “Symbols and abbreviations” has been revised; d) Annex C “Results of the inter-laboratory test” has been included; e) the Bibliography has been updated; f) the standard has been editorially revised. Previous editions DIN CEN/TS 15590: 2007-06 National Annex NA
8、 (informative) Bibliography DIN ISO 5725-2, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15590 September 2011
9、ICS 75.160.10 Supersedes CEN/TS 15590:2007English Version Solid recovered fuels - Determination of the current rate of aerobic microbial activity using the real dynamic respiration index Combustibles solides de rcupration - Dtermination du taux courant dactivit microbienne arobie au moyen de lindice
10、 de respiration dynamique Feste Sekundrbrennstoffe - Bestimmung des aktuellen Grades aerober mikrobieller Aktivitt mittels des realen dynamischen Respirationsindexes This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 July 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
11、which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This
12、 European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN membe
13、rs are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
14、Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membe
15、rs. Ref. No. EN 15590:2011: EEN 15590:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions .54 Symbols and abbreviations 65 Principle 66 Apparatus .67 Procedure .77.1 Step 1 Procedure sample preparation (if required). 77.2 Step 2 Instrumentation
16、calibration87.3 Step 3 Loading the reactor 87.4 Step 4 Analysis set up 88 Calculation of the RDRI results 89 Storage and labelling samples .910 Test reports 9Annex A (informative) RDRI trend 11Annex B (normative) RDRI interpretation 12Annex C (informative) Results of the inter-laboratory test 13C.1
17、Introduction . 13C.2 Laboratory analysis 13C.3 Statistical analysis 13Bibliography . 16DIN EN 15590:2011-11 EN 15590:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15590:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 343 “Solid recovered fuels”, the secretariat of which is held by SFS. This European S
18、tandard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of t
19、his document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes CEN/TS 15590:2007. The following changes have been introduced: title and scope change; potential microbial self-heating is revise
20、d by current rate of aerobic microbial activity; results of inter-laboratory tests supplemented as an informative Annex C. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgiu
21、m, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 1559
22、0:2011-11 EN 15590:2011 (E) 4 Introduction This document specifies the method used for the determining the current rate of aerobic microbial activity of SRF using the real dynamic respirator index. The current rate of aerobic microbial activity measures the biological stability under the actual chem
23、ical and physical properties of the SRF. The biological stability determines the extent to which readily biodegradable organic matter has decomposed. Therefore, the RDRI identifies the actual point reached in the decomposition process and represents a gradation on a recognised scale of values. DIN E
24、N 15590:2011-11 EN 15590:2011 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method to determine the current rate of aerobic microbial activity of a solid recovered fuel. The methods indirectly estimate the potentiality of odours production, vectors attraction etc. The current rate of biodegradati
25、on can be expressed in milligrams O2kg-1dm h-1. WARNING SRF can contain potentially pathogenic organisms. Take appropriate precautions when handling them and those whose properties are unknown. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this do
26、cument. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 15357:2011, Solid recovered fuels Terminology, definitions and descriptions EN 15443, Solid recovered fuels Methods for the prepa
27、ration of the laboratory sample 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 15357:2011 and the following apply. 3.1 easily biodegrable organic compounds organic substances available for decomposition by micro-organisms within a real dynamic respir
28、ation test 3.2 hourly real dynamic respiration index value of respiration index calculated every hour 3.3 lag or latency phase interval of time required for the microbial flora to acclimatize during the course of the real dynamic respirometric test 3.4 mean particle size aperture size of the sieve u
29、sed for determining the particle size distribution of solid recovered fuels through which at least 50% by mass of the material passes 3.5 respiration index rate of oxygen uptake expressed as milligram oxygen per kilogram total dry matter (dm) per hour 3.6 real dynamic respiration test test measuring
30、 the respiration index under specific conditions including forced air flow 3.7 real dynamic respiration index RDRI average value of the respiration indexes representing 24 h showing the highest aerobic microbial activity NOTE See Figure A.1. DIN EN 15590:2011-11 EN 15590:2011 (E) 6 4 Symbols and abb
31、reviations This European Standard uses the following symbols and abbreviations: RDRI Real Dynamic Respiration Index RDRIhhourly Real Dynamic Respiration Index dmdry matter in kg 5 Principle The method for determining the current rate of aerobic microbial activity specified in this European Standard
32、is based on measuring the oxygen uptake rate by micro-organisms to biodegrade easily degradable organic matter of the sample itself under defined continuous airflow and adiabatic conditions. The test involves keeping the sample under observation in the respirometer (dynamic test system) for 1 day to
33、 4 days according to the duration of the lag phase (if present), taking the index value at hourly intervals (RDRIh) (Clause 8). Moreover, if at the end of the fourth day, the RDRI trend is constant or growing, the respirometric test is prolonged with the acquisition of at least others 24 values (RDR
34、Ih) (see Figure A.1). 6 Apparatus The apparatus consists of: 6.1 Dessicator. 6.2 Continuous flow aerobic respirometer, composed of (see Figure 1): hermetically sealed adiabatic reactor with the minimum operating volume expressed in litres, equal to or less than the average sample size expressed in m
35、illimeters and not greater than 30 mm (for example, for a sample of average size less than 10 mm, the reactor volume is 10 l); the reactor structure must force the input air to cross the entire sample before leaving the reactor, avoiding mixing the of input air and exhaust air; reactor air-tightness
36、 verification system; aeration system provided with flow regulator and capacity gauge; system for sampling oxygen concentration in exhaust air (% v/v); system of data acquisition continuously memorizing the measured parameters at 1 h intervals; the data memorized must be the average of all values re
37、ad (at least 60) during the interval considered. DIN EN 15590:2011-11 EN 15590:2011 (E) 7 Key 1 air flow 2 air pump and probe for measuring of the temperature of the air inlet 3 flow adjustment and flow meter (0-200 l h-1) 4 probe for measuring of the temperature of the SRF 5 oxygen analyser and con
38、trol and evaluation equipment l1thickness of the external walls of the reactor1)(70 mm 5 mm) l2internal diameter of reactor l3internal height of reactor l3/l21,344 0,002 1) An insulating materials shall be employed (i.e Polypropylene). Figure 1 Diagram of the continuous flow aerobic respirometer 7 P
39、rocedure 7.1 Step 1 Procedure sample preparation (if required). The size reduction procedure shall be done following EN 15443. DIN EN 15590:2011-11 EN 15590:2011 (E) 8 7.2 Step 2 Instrumentation calibration Step 2 consists of the following procedures: Calibrate the oxygen probe in air as described i
40、n the instruction manual; Check if the reactor closes properly avoiding air losses. 7.3 Step 3 Loading the reactor Step 3 consists of the following procedure: Introduce a known weight of untreated sample filling the reactor completely (the exact amount depends by the reactor size (see Clause 6), avo
41、iding formation of aggregates or compacting the SRF. 7.4 Step 4 Analysis set up Step 4 consists of the following procedures: Set up the data acquisition system and measure the parameters (O2and volume of air) for at least 4 days. Whatever the RDRI trend is at the end of the fourth day, whether it be
42、 constant or growing, continue the acquisition until at least 24 values have been recorded (RDRIh) (see Figure A.1). Set up an initial flow of air and if necessary, adjust the flow during the analysis to guarantee that values of oxygen concentration in the exhaust air are within the 14 % v/v to 16 %
43、 v/v interval. 8 Calculation of the RDRI results The measure of the volume of oxygen consumed by aerobic biological activity is deduced from the difference in oxygen concentration between the air input into the respirometer and the air output from it (Equation (1), and calculated as the average of t
44、he hourly Real Respirometric Indices (RDRIh) in the 24 h during which the microbial respiration is highest (Equation (2). The final value of the RDRI will therefore be calculated by using the following procedure: identify the maximum RDRIhvalue (Equation (1) reached during the course of the test; id
45、entify the next 23 highest consecutive RDRIhvalues below the maximum RDRIh; calculate the average of the 24 RDRIhvalues identified (See Equation (2) and Figure A.1). ()mg2o2ih98.31dVOOQRDRI=(1) 24241h=hRDRIRDRIfor tc, (2) where RDRIh is the Hourly Real Dynamic Respiration Index (calculated every h);
46、 RDRIhis expressed as mg O2kg-1 dm h-1; Q is the air flow in l h-1; DIN EN 15590:2011-11 EN 15590:2011 (E) 9 (O2i O2o) is the difference between the concentration of the oxygen of the air in input (O2i) and the concentration of the oxygen in the air output (O2o) from the respirometer in ml l-1; Vg i
47、s the volume occupied by a mole of gas in l, where 121,g2,gTTVV =(3) where Vg,1is the gas volume in standard conditions for temperature and pressure which are 273,15 K and P is 1 atm; Vg,1is equal to 22,4 l mol-1; T1is the temperature in standard conditions; T1 is equal to 273,15 K; T2 is the temper
48、ature of the air in input to the respirometer in K; 31.98 is the molecular weight of oxygen molecule (O2) in g mol-1; dm is the mass of dry matter, in kg, where 100srdm,mmwd=where rdm,w is the mass fraction of dry matter, in percent; sm is the sample mass, in kg; tcis the time period (24 h) in h dur
49、ing which the highest consecutive values of RDRIhare recorded (see Figure A.1 phase C). Current rate of aerobic microbial activity is expressed as RDRI (see Annex B). The precision of the RDRI is reported in Annex C. 9 Storage and labelling samples Samples shall be stored in tightly-closed containers at 4C for not more than 7 days before the analysis. Each sample shall be labelled with a unique identification containing the identificati
