1、DEUTSCHE NORM April 199 Thermal performance of building products and components DIN Specific criteria for the assessment of laboratories measuring heat transfer properties EN 1946-1 Part 1 : Common criteria English version of DIN EN 1946-1 ICs 91.100.01; 91.120.10 Wrmetechnisches Verhalten von Baupr
2、odukten und Bauteilen - Technische Kriterien zur Begutachtung von Laboratorien bei der Durchfhrung der Messungen von Wrmebertragungseigenschaften - Teil 1 : Allgemeingltige Regeln European Standard EN 1946-1 : 1999 has the status of a DIN Standard. National foreword This standard has been prepared b
3、y CEN/TC 89. The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschu Bauwesen (Building and Civil Engineering Standards Committee), Technical Committee Warmeschufz. EN comprises 8 pages. No pari of this standard may be reproduced without the prior permission of Ref. No. DIN EN
4、1946-1 : 1999-0 N Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. wth Verlag GmbH, D-10772 Berlin, has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen). English price group 06 Sales No. 1106 10.99 EU ROPEAN STAN DAR D NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1946-1 January 1999 ICs 91.100.01; 91
5、.120.10 English version Thermal performance of building products and components Specific criteria for the assessment of laboratories measuring heat transfer properties Part 1 : Common criteria Performance thermique des produits et composants pour le btiment - Critres particuliers pour lvaluation des
6、 laboratoires mesurant les proprits de transmission thermique - Partie 1 : Critres communs Wrmetechnisches Verhalten von Bauprodukten und Bauteilen - Technische Kriterien zur Begut- achtung von Laboratorien bei der Durchfhrung der Messungen von Wrmebertragungseigenschaften - Teil 1 : Allgemeingltige
7、 Regeln This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1998-1 2-1 3. CEN members are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical
8、 references concerning such national stand- ards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. The European Standards exist in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN me
9、mber into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Nor
10、way, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels O 1999. CEN - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means r
11、eserved worldwide for CEN national members. Ref. No. EN 1946-1 : 1999 E Page 2 EN 1946-1 : 1999 Contents Foreword Introduction 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Definitions 4 Assessment 5 Documen ta tion Page 2 3 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CENC 89 “Therma
12、l performance of buildings and building components“, the secretariat of which is held by SIS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 1999, and conflicting national standards shall be
13、 withdrawn at the latest by July 1999. This European Standard is divided into parts. The first part covers common criteria applicable to all heat transfer property measurements; each subsequent part covers the specific technical criteria applicable to each heat transfer property measurement method d
14、escribed in appropriate standards. The following parts have been developed: Part 1: Common criteria Part 2: Part 3: Part 4: Part 5: Measurements by guarded hot plate method Measurements by heat flow meter method Measurements by hot box methods Measurements by pipe test methods According to the CENKE
15、NELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, S
16、witzerland and the United Kingdom. Page 3 EN 1946-1 : 1999 Introduction In the field of heat transfer property testing, many pieces of test equipment have been constructed by the laboratories themselves and they often differ significantly in their detailed design, so that each equipment is assessed
17、as for a prototype. This makes the assessment of the equipment accuracy a very complex matter, requiring in-depth knowledge and understanding of the equipment and test procedures employed and of the factors that can influence the accuracy of the results. Because of the complexity of standardized pro
18、cedures for the assessment of equipment accuracy, they have been separated from standards on equipment description and testing procedures to be used by the operator in every day testing practice. There is therefore a need for a link between the accreditation standards of the EN 45000 series and each
19、 relevant standard test method, by providing standardized assessment procedures specifically suitable to heat transfer property measurements. While the majority of this standard is devoted to fixing standardized procedures for the assessment of equipment accuracy, the adoption of these procedures in
20、 laboratory assessment according to EN 45000 series standards defines by itself the required level of competence of the laboratory personnel. Page 4 EN 1946-1 : 1999 1 Scope This standard gives specific technical criteria to be used within the frame of the general criteria given in EN 45001 and EN 4
21、5002 for the assessment of laboratories performing heat transfer property measurements of building products and components according to standardized test methods. It is relevant both to assessments conducted internally and to those carried out formally by an accreditation body, and is intended to be
22、 of assistance to all interested parties. It gives contents of the documentation required by EN 45001 (equipment manual, calibration and maintenance files, measurement procedure document) and the procedures for the assessment of equipment accuracy and performance check. All other requirements regard
23、ing laboratories undertaking heat transfer property measurements are given in the EN 45000 series. This part 1 of this standard gives assessment requirements common to various test methods; the subsequent parts give assessment requirements which are relevant to each test method. The application of t
24、his standard assumes an adequate level of competence for the personnel involved. 2 Normative references This standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are li
25、sted hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred applies. EN 45001 General criteria for the oper
26、ation of testing laboratories EN 45002 EN 45020 General terms and their definitions concerning standardization and related General criteria for the assessment of testing laboratories activities. 3 Definit ions For the purposes of this standard, the definitions of “test“, “test method“ and “(laborato
27、ry) proficiency testing“ given in EN 45020 and the following definitions apply. 3.1 heat transfer property measurement: Determination of a heat transfer according to a standardized test method. property 3.2 equipment manual: Document containing information on performance specifications, descriptions
28、, design, error analysis and initial performance check for equipment. 3.3 measurement procedure document: Document containing information on specimen handling and preparation, testing procedures, test reporting, scheduled equipment checks and maintenance. Page 5 EN 1946-1 : 1999 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8
29、3.9 4 4.1 calibration and maintenance file: File documenting, for all equipment, all calibrations and calibration results and all maintenance actions. laboratory test work registers: Registers or files containing for each test all the documentation and correspondence to identify the test specimen, t
30、he measured data, raw calculations, computer print-outs, and copy of the final report. reference material: Material or substance one or more of whose property values are sufficiently homogeneous and well established to be used for the calibration of an apparatus, the assessment of a measurement meth
31、od, or for assigning values to materials. IS0 Guide 30: 19921 certified reference material: Reference material, accompanied by a certificate, one or more of whose property values are certified by a procedure which establishes traceability to an accurate realization of the unit in which the property
32、values are expressed, and for which each certified value is accompanied by an uncertainty at a stated level of confidence. IS0 Guide 30:1992 (measurement) standard: Material measure, measurhg instrument, reference material or measuring system intended to define, realize, conserve or reproduce a unit
33、 or one or more values of a quantity to serve as a reference. International Vocabulary of Basic and General Terms in Metrology, ISO, 1993 J transfer standard: Standard used as an intermediary to compare standards. International Vocabulary of Basic and General Terms in Metrology, ISO, 19931 NOTE: The
34、 term transfer device should be used when the intermediary is not a standard. Assessment EN 45000 series requirements This standard assumes that: a) the accreditation body responsible for the assessment meets the general criteria specified in EN 45000 series and operates systems and assessment proce
35、dures in conformity with the general criteria set out in EN 4500 series; the test laboratory is organized and run in accordance with the general criteria set out in EN 4500 1 ; the test equipment and measurement procedures used by the laboratory for heat transfer property measurements conform with t
36、he requirements set out in the relevant standard test methods; the assessment of equipment accuracy and the related performance checks and proficiency testing conform with the appropriate part of this standard and are adequately documented. b) c) d) Page 6 EN 1946-1 : 1999 4.2 Documentation For the
37、purpose of this standard and in conformity with EN 45001, the laboratory is required to have appropriate documentation. The information to be given in this documentation, as defined in subsequent parts, is mandatory. General guidance on the content of these documents for heat transfer property measu
38、rement is given in clause 5 of this part: specific information on the content of these documents for each type of heat transfer property measurement is respectively given in clauses 4, 5 and 6 of the relevant part of this standard. 4.3 Laboratory staff Staff responsible for testing, maintenance and
39、calibration shall be able to explain and verify all the items included in the equipment manual and measurement procedure document, including their relationship to the standard test method accuracy and reproducibility. The staff responsible for testing shall be capable of deciding whether a specimen
40、can or cannot be tested in the available laboratory equipment and shall be able to take appropriate preliminary decisions on testing conditions and specimen handling when required by the relevant standard test method. 4.4 Proficiency testing The assessment shall include proficiency tests on specimen
41、s whose dimensions and reported heat transfer properties are within the range for which the laboratory is seeking accreditation. NOTE 1: In general, good equipment design and a detailed performance check is sufficient to ensure the correct operation of the equipment within the expected accuracy in a
42、ll planned testing conditions. Nevertheless, the actual demonstration of the proper operation of the equipment can only be achieved through proficiency tests. Specimens for proficiency testing are usually transfer standards, see 3.9, which have been developed by a national standard laboratory or equ
43、ivalent. As testing errors and the ultimate accuracy and reproducibility of a test are highly dependent on test specimen properties and testing conditions, the specimens for proficiency testing shall cover the most critical testing conditions, and the performance checks carried out by the laboratory
44、 shall cover all expected testing situations. NOTE 2: Specimens measured by the laboratory and retested at a national standard laboratory or equivalent, providing that the material of the specimen is recognized as sufficiently stable for this purpose, are an acceptable alternative. 5 Documentation 5
45、.1 General This clause gives specific information to be provided in the documentation specified in EN 45001, and which is suggested to be split in three parts: - equipment manual; - calibration and maintenance files; - measurement procedure document. Page 7 EN 1946-1 : 1999 5.2 Equipment manual 5.2.
46、1 General For each piece of heat transfer property measurement equipment, the equipment manual shall provide: a) equipment performance specification; b) equipment description, including electrical components and instrumentation; c) equipment design and error analysis; d) equipment performance check;
47、 as specified in 5.2.2 to 5.2.5 of this part of the standard, together with the more detailed information specified in clause 4 of the part of this standard specific to the particular method. 5.2.2 Equipment performance specification For each piece of equipment to be operated according to a standard
48、ized test method, upper and lower limits for relevant tested properties and testing conditions shall be specified e.g. : - thermal resistance; - specimen dimensions; - mean test temperature; - - temperature difference through the specimen; environmental conditions (temperature, relative humidity) at
49、 the edge of the specimen. NOTE: Some of the above properties or testing conditions may affect upper and lower limits of other properties or testing conditions, e.g. maximum specimen thickness may be affected by the specimen thermal conductivity. Specific information on applicable measured properties and testing conditions is given in 4.2 of the part of this standard pertaining to the appropriate measurement method. 5.2.3 Equipment description The following information shall be provided for each piece of equipment operated according to a standardized test meth
