1、 DEUTSCHE NORMJune 2006DIN EN 1948-1 ICS 13.040.40 Supersedes DIN EN 1948-1:1997-05 Stationary source emissions Determination of the mass concentration of PCDDs/PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs Part 1: Sampling of PCDDs/PCDFs English version of DIN EN 1948-1:2006-06 Emissionen aus stationren Quellen Besti
2、mmung der Massenkonzentration von PCDD/PCDF und dioxin-hnlichen PCB Teil 1: Probenahme von PCDD/PCDF Englische Fassung DIN EN 1948-1:2006-06 Document comprises 67 pages No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission of DIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verla
3、g GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany, has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen). English price group 21 www.din.de www.beuth.de !,o/4“10.06 9761217DIN EN 1948-1:2006-06 2 National foreword This standard has been prepared by CEN/TC 264 Air quality (Secretariat: Germany), Working Grou
4、p WG 1 Dioxins Emissions (Secretariat and Convenorship: Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Kommission Reinhaltung der Luft (KRdL) im VDI und DIN (VDI/DIN Air Quality Commission). This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the Europ
5、ean Commission and the European Free Trade Association to support Essential Requirements of EU Directive 94/67/EC of 16 December 1994 on the incineration of hazardous waste. This directive is now replaced by EU Directive 2000/76/EC of 4 December 2000 on the incineration of waste, and this European S
6、tandard also supports the Essential Requirements of the new EU Directive 2000/76/EC. In Annex III of EU-Directive 2000/76/EC it is specified that Sampling and analysis of all pollutants including dioxins and furans as well as reference measurement methods to calibrate automated measurement systems s
7、hall be carried out as given by CEN Standards. The revision of this EN between 2001 and 2004 only refers to the normative part. The information given in the informative annexes as examples of operation are kept unchanged, as they represent the state of the art at the time of validation measurements
8、of EN 1948:1996 between 1992 and 1995. The precision and the performance characteristics were determined between 1992 and 1995 in four comparative and validation trials at waste incinerators sponsored by the European Commission, the European Free Trade Association and the German Federal Environment
9、Agency. Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 1948-1:1997-05 as follows: a) Extension of the scope: DIN EN 1948 can now also be applied for wide concentration ranges and various emission sources and the described measurement methods are also suitable for the determination of other low-volatil
10、e substances, e.g. of dioxine-like PCBs. b) Inclusion of new terms and definitions, and corrections: The following terms are concerned: field blank, analytical blank, sampling standard, recovery standard, dioxin-like PCBs, flue gas sample volume, measurement series/sampling campaign, isokinetic samp
11、ling, limit of detection, limit of quantification, WHO-TEF/WHO-TEQ. c) Harmonization of the specifications with European Standards EN 13284-1, EN 14790 and EN 14789. d) Addition and correction of requirements for: sampling devices and materials; cleaning of the sampling devices; sampling; method val
12、idation; field blank determination; sample recovery from the sampling train DIN EN 1948-1:2006-06 3 sample storage; sampling report. e) Revision and update of the informative Annex A relating to the toxicity of PCDD/PCDF/PCB according to the requirements of the WHO. A detailed list of all amendments
13、 is given in the foreword to EN 1948-1:2006. Previous editions DIN EN 1948-1: 1997-05 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography VDI 2464-1, Ambient air measurement Indoor air measurement Measurement of polychlorinated biphynyls (PCBs) GC/MS method for PCB 28, 52, 101,138, 153, 180 VDI 2464-2, Amb
14、ient air measurement Indoor air measurement Measurement of polychlorinated biphynyls (PCBs) HR-GC/HR-MS method for coplanar PCBs VDI 3498-1, Ambient air measurement Indoor air measurement Measurement of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans Method using large filters VDI 3498-2, Ambien
15、t air measurement Indoor air measurement Measurement of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans Method using small filters VDI 3499-1, Emission measurement Determination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) Dilution method Example of application of DIN E
16、N 1948 for the concentration range 0,1 ng I-TEQ/m3; Determination in filter dust, ash and slag VDI 3499-2, Emission measurement Determination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) Filter/condenser method Example of application of DIN EN 1948 for the concentration ran
17、ge 0,1 ng I-TEQ/m3 VDI 3499-3, Emission measurement Determination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) Cooled probe method Example of application of DIN EN 1948 for the concentration range 0,1 ng I-TEQ/m3EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 1948-1March
18、2006ICS 13.040.40 Supersedes EN 1948-1:1996 English VersionStationary source emissions - Determination of the massconcentration of PCDDs/PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs - Part 1:Sampling of PCDDs/PCDFsEmissions de sources fixes - Dtermination de laconcentration massique en PCDD/PCDF et PCB de typedioxine
19、 - Partie 1: PrlvementEmissionen aus stationren Quellen - Bestimmung derMassenkonzentration von PCDD/PCDF und dioxin-hnlichen PCB - Teil 1: Probenahme von PCDD/PCDFThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 January 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
20、which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Sta
21、ndard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standa
22、rds bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN
23、 COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1948-1:2006: EEN 1948-1:2006 (E) 2
24、Contents Page Foreword. 3 Introduction 7 1 Scope . 8 2 Normative references . 8 3 Terms and definitions. 9 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 11 5 Principle of the complete PCDD/PCDF measurement procedure 12 6 Sampling device and materials . 15 7 Minimum requirements for sampling 18 8 Safety measures and
25、 transport . 21 9 Preparations and sampling 21 Annex A (informative) Toxicity and toxic equivalency 27 Annex B (informative) Examples of operation 30 Annex C (informative) Examples of adsorbents and their preparations and cleaning 58 Annex D (informative) Sampling measurement record .59 Annex E (inf
26、ormative) Relations to EU Directives 62 Bibliography . 63 EN 1948-1:2006 (E) 3 Foreword This European Standard (EN 1948-1:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national s
27、tandard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2006. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
28、 rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This European Standard supersedes EN 1948-1:1996. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to suppo
29、rt Essential Requirements of EU Directive 94/67/EC of 16 December 1994 i on the incineration of hazardous waste. This directive is now replaced by EU Directive 2000/76/EC of 4 December 2000 on the incineration of waste ii and this European Standard also supports the Essential Requirements of the new
30、 EU Directive 2000/76/EC (see also Annex E). The precision and the performance characteristics were determined between 1992 and 1995 in four comparative and validation trials at waste incinerators sponsored by the European Commission, the European Free Trade Association and the German Federal Enviro
31、nment Agency. The revision of this EN between 2001 and 2004 only refers to the normative part. The information given in the informative annexes as examples of operation are kept unchanged, as they represent the state of the art at time of the validation measurements of EN 1948:1996 between 1992 and
32、1995. This European Standard EN 1948:2006 consists of three parts dealing with the determination of the mass concentration of PCDDs and PCDFs in stationary source emissions: Part 1: Sampling of PCDDs/PCDFs; Part 2: Extraction and clean-up of PCDDs/PCDFs; Part 3: Identification and quantification of
33、PCDDs/PCDFs. All three parts are necessary for the performance of the dioxin measurements. In addition for the sampling, extraction and analyses of dioxin-like PCBs the Technical Specification CEN/TS 1948-41is developed and will be transferred to a European Standard after corresponding validation me
34、asurements or after an approval time of three years respectively. Important changes made in the revision of EN 1948-1: 1. Title: Broadening of the title with regard to the future EN 1948-4 for the determination of dioxin-like PCBs 2. Foreword: 1) To be published. EN 1948-1:2006 (E) 4 Deletion of all
35、 precursor documents which were basis for elaboration of EN 1948 as well as the names of the standardisation bodies involved in the elaboration of EN 1948 Update of the hint regarding mandate of the standardisation project and regarding fulfilment of the Essential Requirements of EU Directives 94/67
36、/EC and 2000/76/EC Addition of a hint, that the revision only refers to the normative parts of the standard. The Informative Annex B “Examples of operation” is kept unchanged and represents the state of the art at time of the validation measurements of EN 1948:1996 between 1992 and 1995 Addition of
37、hint with regard to the future document EN 1948-4 dealing with the analyses of dioxin-like PCBs 3. Introduction: New hint that only skilled operators who are trained in handling highly toxic compounds should apply the method described in this European Standard (identical to EN 1948-2 and EN 1948-3)
38、4. Scope: Addition of a hint, that EN 1948 can be applied for wide concentration ranges and various emission sources Addition of a hint, that the described measurement methods are suitable for determination of other low-volatile substances, e.g. of dioxin-like PCBs 5. Normative references: Update of
39、 the references to EN 1948-2:2006, EN 1948-3:2006 Reference to EN 13284-1:2001 regarding determination of low range mass concentration of dust instead of ISO 9096, therefore deletion of all references to ISO 9096 and replacement by EN 13284-1:2001 Additional normative reference to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2
40、005 Deletion of reference to ISO 4793:1980 6. Clause 3 Terms and definitions: Distinction between Clause 3 “Terms and definitions“ and Clause 4 “Symbols and abbreviations“ resulting in a different numbering of the following chapters Corrected definition of “field blank“ for clarification Corrected d
41、efinition of “analytical blank“ for clarification Corrected definition of “sampling standard“: only furans “Syringe standard“ renamed to read “recovery standard“ Corrected definition of “recovery standard“: only dioxins Additional definition of “dioxin-like PCBs“ Additional definition of “flue gas s
42、ample volume“ Additional definition of “measurement series“ resp. “sampling campaign“ EN 1948-1:2006 (E) 5 Corrected definition and requirement of isokinetic sampling according to EN 13284-1:2001 Additional definition and calculation of limit of detection Additional definition and calculation of lim
43、it of quantification Additional definition of WHO-TEF/WHO-TEQ 7. Clause 5.1 Sampling: Addition of a hint, that a higher temperature than 20C/40C (depending of the chosen sampling method) can be used for the sample gas if it is demonstrated that the results obtained are equivalent. Corrected clarific
44、ation regarding the temperature falling below the dew point resp. regarding the increase of the relative humidity 8. Clause 6.1 General sampling device: Extension of the general sampling devices, deletion of the old subclauses 5.1.1 to 5.1.4 dealing with the single compilation of the devices for the
45、 different sampling methods, because all details are listed in Annex B Additional note regarding oxygen concentration and its influence on the performance characteristics Harmonisation of the sampling device requirements with other existing standards EN 13284-1, EN 14790, EN 14789 9. Clause 6.2 Mate
46、rials: Enlargement of the requirements for materials 10. Clause 6.3 Cleaning the sampling device: New subclause 6.3 11. Clause 7.1 Method validation criteria: a) Requirements for the plane filter efficiency according to EN 13284-1:2001 c) Correction of the validation requirement regarding the flue g
47、as sample volume c) Additional validation requirements with regard to the mean adsorber temperature 12. Clause 7.2 Requirements for sampling: Maximum sampling time of 8 h was deleted d) The field blank must be carried out according to the new subclause 7.3 e) Addition of the requirement regarding qu
48、antification limit according to EN 1948-3, addition of formula for calculation of the quantification limit according to EN 1948-3, addition of notes regarding minimum flue gas sample volume and regarding minimum sampling time according 2000/76/EG f) Addition of the spiked parts of the equipment 13.
49、Clause 7.3 Field blank requirements: Additional section dealing with a completed and corrected compilation of all field blank requirements EN 1948-1:2006 (E) 6 14. Clauses 7.4, 7.5, 7.6 Additional sampling minimum requirements for the 3 different methods: Addition of a footnote, that a temperature limit of 125 C is required for the filter of the filter/condenser method to avoid chemical reacti
