1、June 2009DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 13No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 13.110; 13.180!$X(G“15305
2、36www.din.deDDIN EN 614-1Safety of machinery Ergonomic design principles A1:2009)English version of DIN EN 614-1:2009-06Sicherheit von Maschinen Ergonomische Gestaltungsgrundstze Teil 1: Begriffe und allgemeine Leitstze (enthlt nderung A1:2009)Englische Fassung DIN EN 614-1:2009-06SupersedesDIN EN 6
3、14-1:2006-07www.beuth.dePart 1: Terminology and general principles (includes AmendmentDocument comprises 27 pagesDIN EN 614-1:2009-06 2 Start of validity This standard takes effect on 1 June 2009. DIN EN 614-1:2006-07 may be used in parallel until 28 December 2009. National foreword This standard in
4、cludes safety requirements within the meaning of the Gerte- und Produktsicherheitsgesetz (GPSG) (German Equipment and Consumer Goods Safety Law) and in connection with European legislation (EC Machinery Directive), which has been implemented by national legislation. This standard has been prepared b
5、y Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany) in connection with the amended EC Machinery Directive. The responsible German bodies involved in its preparation were the Normenausschuss Ergonomie (Ergonomics Standards Committee) and the Normenausschuss Maschinenbau (Mechnic
6、al Engineering Standards Committee), Joint Technical Committee NA 023-00-01 GA Grundstze der Ergonomie. This standard concretizes the basic requirements set out in Annex I of the EU Machinery Directive 98/37/EC (valid until 28 December 2009) and the new EU Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC which become
7、s applicable on 29 December 2009 relating to machinery to be placed on the EEA market, with the intent of simplifying the means of proving conformity with such requirements. Once this standard is designated a harmonized standard in the Official Journal of the European Union, a manufacturer applying
8、this standard may assume compliance with the requirements of the Machinery Directive (the so-called “presumption of conformity”). Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 614-1:2006-07 as follows: a) Inclusion of Annex ZB (informative) “Relationship between this European Standard and the Essenti
9、al Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC”. b) (German version only) The translation of the term “workspace” (3.1) has been changed to “Arbeitsbereich” (previously “Arbeitsraum”). This modification was unanimously decided by Joint Technical Committee NA 023-00-01 GA Grundstze der Ergonomie. c) Clau
10、se 2 “Normative references” has been updated (deletion of EN 292 and EN 1050). d) Wrong references in subclause 5.2.3 d) and subclause A.1 have been corrected. e) The bibliography has been updated. Previous editions DIN EN 614-1: 1995-04, 2006-07 EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 614
11、-1:2006+A1February 2009ICS 13.110; 13.180English VersionSafety of machinery - Ergonomic design principles - Part 1:Terminology and general principlesScurit des machines - Principes ergonomiques deconception - Partie 1: Terminologie et principes gnrauxSicherheit von Maschinen - ErgonomischeGestaltung
12、sgrundstze - Teil 1: Begriffe und allgemeineLeitstzeThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 December 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any a
13、lteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by tr
14、anslationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany
15、, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagem
16、ent Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009: EEN 614-1:2006+A1:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms a
17、nd definitions .6 4 General principles9 4.1 General 9 4.2 Accessible design for people with special requirements .9 4.3 Taking account of peoples body dimensions, postures, body movements, and physical strength 10 4.4 Taking account of peoples mental abilities 13 4.5 Taking account of the influence
18、of the physical work environment on people . 14 5 Incorporating ergonomic principles into the design process of machinery 15 5.1 General . 15 5.2 Ergonomics tasks to be performed during the design process of machinery 16 Annex A (informative) Guidelines for the use of the 3-zone rating system 20 A.1
19、 Introduction . 20 A.2 Definition and use of the 3-zone rating system . 20 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC 22 Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Es
20、sential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC“ 23 Bibliography . 24 DIN EN 614-1:2009-06 EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shal
21、l be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-12-13. This Europe
22、an Standard supersedes !EN 614-1:2006“. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! “. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essenti
23、al requirements of EC Directive(s). !For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this European Standard. EN 614 consists of the following Parts, under the general title Safety of machinery Ergonomic design principles: Part 1: Terminology and
24、general principles Part 2: Interactions between the design of machinery and work tasks.“ According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republi
25、c, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. DIN EN 614-1:2009-06 EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009 (E) 4 Introduct
26、ion Ergonomically designed work systems enhance safety, improve human working and living conditions and counteract adverse effects on human health. Also they usually improve the operator-machine system performance and reliability. In this European Standard the term “ergonomics“ refers to a multidisc
27、iplinary field of science and its application. Applying ergonomics to the design of work systems, especially where the design of machinery is concerned, ensures that human capabilities, skills, limitations and needs are taken into account. The work system includes operators, job design, work equipme
28、nt (e.g. machinery), work space, work environment, work process and the interactions between them. It can vary in complexity from a workshop with a single operator using hand held equipment to a process plant and its operators. Good design takes into account how the operator is expected to interact
29、with the work equipment and how the work equipment fits into the system as a whole. This is particularly important the more the work equipment is interdependent on other components of the system. In its whole complexity, the working system is described in generic standards (e.g. EN ISO 6385). Compli
30、ance with harmonised standards prepared by CEN/CENELEC enables manufacturers and suppliers to meet requirements of European legislation. EN ISO 12100-1 and EN ISO 12100-2 contain the concepts and general principles to guide designers in achieving safety for machinery for occupational and private pur
31、poses. Ergonomic principles can be incorporated into the design process by following this standard. In this way both the technical design and ergonomic principles are considered at the same time. The aim to enhance the health, safety and well-being of workers is reached by systematically minimising
32、the risks according to !EN ISO 12100“. EN 13861 provides information concerning applicable ergonomic B-type standards related to specific hazards. This standard is one of the European Standards covering specific topics identified in EN ISO 12100-1 and EN ISO 12100-2 as important to the safety of mac
33、hinery. DIN EN 614-1:2009-06 EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard establishes the ergonomic principles to be followed during the process of design of machinery. This European Standard applies to the interactions between operators and machinery when installing, operating, adjust
34、ing, maintaining, cleaning, dismantling, repairing or transporting equipment, and outlines the principles to be followed in taking the health, safety and well-being of the operator into account. This European Standard provides a framework within which the range of more specific ergonomics standards
35、and other related standards relevant to machinery design should be applied. The ergonomic principles given in this European Standard apply to all ranges of human abilities and characteristics to ensure safety, health and well-being and overall system performance. Information will need to be interpre
36、ted to suit the intended use. NOTE Although the principles in this European Standard are orientated towards machinery for occupational use, they are also applicable to equipment and machinery for private use. DIN EN 614-1:2009-06 EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009 (E) 6 2 Normative references The following refer
37、enced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 894-3, Safety of machinery Ergonomics requirements for t
38、he design of displays and control actuators Part 3: Control actuators !deleted text“ EN ISO 12100-1, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles
39、 for design Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) !EN ISO 14121-1, Safety of machinery Risk assessment Part 1: Principles (ISO 14121-1:2007)“ 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 allocation of functions process o
40、f deciding how system functions shall be implemented, by humans, by equipment and/or hardware and/or software EN ISO 6385:2004, 2.1 3.2 design population designated group of workers delimited as a percentile range of the general population, defined according to relevant characteristics, e.g. gender,
41、 age, skill level, etc. EN ISO 6385:2004, 2.2 3.3 ergonomics study of human factors scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among human and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize h
42、uman well-being and overall system performance EN ISO 6385:2004, 2.3 3.4 job organization and sequence in time and space of an individuals work tasks or the combination of all human performance by one worker within a work system EN ISO 6385:2004, 2.4 3.5 system function broad category of activity pe
43、rformed by a system DIN EN 614-1:2009-06 EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009 (E) 7 EN ISO 6385:2004, 2.5 3.6 well-being condition perceived by the operator when using the machine as intended by reducing discomfort, fatigue and psychological stress to the minimum possible due to ergonomic principles NOTE Well-bein
44、g is a part of good health according to the WHO. 3.7 work environment physical, chemical, biological, organizational, social and cultural factors surrounding a worker EN ISO 6385:2004, 2.6 3.8 work equipment tools, including hardware and software, machines, vehicles, devices, furniture, installation
45、s and other components used in the work system EN ISO 6385:2004, 2.7 3.9 operator worker person or persons given the task of installing, operating, adjusting, maintaining, cleaning, repairing or transporting, machinery EU Directive 98/37/EC, Annex 1, 1.1.1, 3rdsubclause 3.10 work fatigue mental or p
46、hysical, local or general non-pathological manifestation of excessive strain, completely reversible with rest EN ISO 6385:2004, 2.9 3.11 work organization sequence and interaction of work systems fitted together to produce a specific result EN ISO 6385:2004, 2.10 3.12 work process sequence in time a
47、nd space of the interaction of workers, work equipment, materials, energy and information within a work system EN ISO 6385:2004, 2.11 3.13 workstation combination and spatial arrangement of work equipment, surrounded by the work environment under the conditions imposed by the work tasks EN ISO 6385:
48、2004, 2.12 DIN EN 614-1:2009-06 EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009 (E) 8 3.14 work strain internal response of the worker to being exposed to work stress depending on his/her individual characteristics (e.g. size, age, capacities, abilities, skills, etc.) EN ISO 6385:2004, 2.13 3.15 work stress external load sum
49、 of those external conditions and demands in the work system which act to disturb a persons physiological and/or psychological state EN ISO 6385:2004, 2.14 3.16 workspace volume allocated to one or more persons in the work system to complete the work task EN ISO 6385:2004, 2.15 3.17 work system system comprising one or more workers and work equipment acting together to perform the system function, in the workspace, in the work environment, under the conditions imposed by the work tasks EN ISO 6385:2004, 2.16 3
