1、April 2010 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 14No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS
2、13.040.20!$a8“1625821www.din.deDDIN EN 15841Ambient air quality Standard method for determination of arsenic, cadmium, lead and nickelin atmospheric depositionEnglish translation of DIN EN 15841:2010-04Luftbeschaffenheit Messverfahren zur Bestimmung von Arsen, Cadmium, Blei und Nickel in atmosphrisc
3、herDepositionEnglische bersetzung von DIN EN 15841:2010-04Qualit de lair ambiant Mthode normalise pour la dtermination des dpots darsenic, de cadmium,de nickel et de plombTraduction anglaise de DIN EN 15841:2010-04www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authori
4、tative.Document comprises 34 pagesThis standard has been included in the VDI/DIN Handbook on air quality, Volume 5. 04.10 DIN EN 15841:2010-04 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality”, Working Group WG
5、20 “Air quality Deposition measurements of heavy metals” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Kommission Reinhaltung der Luft (KRdL) im VDI und DIN (Commission on Air Pollution Prevention of VDI and DIN Standards Committee), Working Group NA 13
6、4-04-02-10 UA Messen von Metallen und Halbmetallen (I) of Section IV Umweltmesstechnik. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 DIN V ENV 13005 ISO 5725-2 DIN ISO 5725-2 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliograph
7、y DIN V ENV 13005, Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement DIN ISO 5725-2, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method VDI 2267 Blatt 14, Determinat
8、ion of suspended matter in ambient air Measurement of Al, As, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, V, Zn as part of dust deposition by optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) VDI 2267 Blatt 15, Determination of suspended matter in ambient air Measurement of the mass concentration of Al, As
9、, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, K, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, V, Zn as part of dust precipitation by mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) VDI 2267 Blatt 16, Determination of suspended matter in ambient air Measurement of the mass concentration of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sb, V und Zn as part of dust precipitation by atomic abs
10、orption spectrometry (AAS) EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15841 November 2009 ICS 13.040.20 English Version Ambient air quality - Standard method for determination of arsenic, cadmium, lead and nickel in atmospheric deposition Qualit de lair ambiant - Mthode normalise pour la d
11、termination des dpots darsenic, de cadmium, de nickel et de plomb Luftbeschaffenheit - Messverfahren zur Bestimmung von Deposition This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 October 2009. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions f
12、or giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three offic
13、ial versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria,
14、 Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTE
15、E FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15841:2009: EArsen, Kadmium, Blei und Nic
16、kel in atmosphrischer EN 15841:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 31 Scope 42 Normative references 43 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 54 Principle 75 Apparatus and reagents 86 Sampling 117 Sample preparation 128 Quality control . 149 Calculation of results . 1410 Performance characteristics dete
17、rmined in lab and field tests . 1711 Reporting of results 20Annex A (informative) Standard operating procedures for sampling . 22Annex B (informative) Estimation of the measurement uncertainty of the method 26Annex C (informative) Uncertainty budget 30Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this
18、 European Standard and the essential requirements of EU Directives 31Bibliography . 32DIN EN 15841:2010-04 EN 15841:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15841:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard sha
19、ll be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document ma
20、y be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of E
21、U Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belg
22、ium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 15841:2010-
23、04 EN 15841:2009 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies three methods for the determination of deposition of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb), that can be used in the framework of the European Council Directive on Ambient Air Quality Assessment and Management 1 and the 4t
24、hAir Quality Daughter Directive 2. This European Standard specifies performance requirements with which the method has to comply in order to meet the data quality objectives given in the Directives. The performance characteristics of the method were determined in comparative field validation tests c
25、arried out at four European locations 3. This European Standard specifies methods for sampling wet-only and bulk deposition of As, Cd, Ni and Pb, sample treatment and analysis by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF-AAS) or by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The
26、 method is applicable for deposition measurements in a) rural and remote areas; b) industrial areas; c) urban areas. The standard is validated for the working ranges listed in Table 1. Table 1 Validated working ranges for the methods Lower limit(g/m day) Upper limit(g/m day) As 0,05 2 Cd 0,01 1 Ni 0
27、,05 25 Pb 0,1 65NOTE The ranges given are based upon the values measured in the field validation test. The upper and lower limits are the observed minimum and maximum values measured during the field validation tests. The actual lower limits of the working ranges depend on the variability of the lab
28、oratory blank and the precipitation amount range in bulk and wet-only. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
29、document (including any amendments) applies. EN 14902:2005, Ambient air quality Standard method for the measurement of Pb, Cd, As and Ni in the PM10 fraction of suspended particulate matter EN ISO 20988:2007, Air quality Guidelines for estimating measurement uncertainty (ISO 20988:2007) ISO 5725-2,
30、Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement method and results Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method DIN EN 15841:2010-04 EN 15841:2009 (E) 5 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purpo
31、ses of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1.1 analysis all operations carried out after sample preparation to determine the amount or concentration of the metals or metalloids of interest present in the sample 3.1.2 Bergerhoff collector wide mouthed bucket mounted on a post,
32、 openly exposed at all time 3.1.3 bulk collector funnel-bottle combination openly exposed at all time NOTE In this standard two methods for the bulk collector are described: the “bulk bottle method” (only the liquid collected in the bottle is analysed) and the “bulk bottle+funnel method” (the liquid
33、 collected in the bottle plus the solid collected on the funnel are analysed). 3.1.4 bulk deposition sum of the deposition of sedimenting wet and dry particles NOTE Both bulk and Bergerhoff collectors sample bulk deposition. 3.1.5 coverage factor numerical factor used as multiplier of the combined s
34、tandard uncertainty in order to obtain an expanded uncertainty EN ISO 20988:2007, 3.3; ISO/IEC Guide 98:2008, 2.3.6 3.1.6 detection limit (DL), instrumental lowest amount of an analyte that is detectable using an instrument as determined by repeated measurements of a reagent blank 3.1.7 detection li
35、mit (DL), method lowest amount of an analyte detectable after the whole measurement process as determined by repeated measurements of different field blanks 3.1.8 dry deposition sum of the deposition of sedimenting dry particles, non sedimenting particles and gases NOTE Dry deposition includes the f
36、ollowing processes: atmospheric turbulent diffusion, adsorption, absorption, impaction and gravitational settling. The dry deposition process is affected by the type of underlying surface and surface conditions. DIN EN 15841:2010-04 EN 15841:2009 (E) 6 3.1.9 expanded uncertainty expanded measurement
37、 uncertainty quantity defining an interval )();( yUyyUypp+ about the result of a measurement that can be expected to encompass a large fraction p of the distribution of values that could reasonably be attributed to the measurand EN ISO 20988:2007, 3.4; ISO/IEC Guide 98:2008, 2.3.5 3.1.10 field blank
38、 artificial sample (e.g. de-ionised water) transported to the sampling site, mounted in the sampling unit, but not exposed to ambient air, returned to the laboratory and worked up in the same way as the deposition sample 3.1.11 laboratory blank artificial sample (e.g. de-ionised water) worked up in
39、the same way as the deposition sample in the laboratory 3.1.12 precipitation rain, snow, sleet, graupel and hail 3.1.13 reagent blank artificial sample (e.g. de-ionised water) that contains all the reagents used during analysis of the sample, but without the sample matrix 3.1.14 repeatability closen
40、ess of the agreement between the results of successive measurements of the same measurand carried out under the same conditions of measurements ISO/IEC Guide 98:2008, B.2.15 3.1.15 reproducibility closeness of the agreement between the results of measurements of the same measurand carried out under
41、changed conditions of measurements ISO/IEC Guide 98:2008, B.2.15 3.1.16 sample digestion sample dissolution process to obtain a solution containing the analyte of interest 3.1.17 sample preparation all operations carried out on a sample, after transportation and storage, to prepare it for analysis,
42、including transformation of the sample into a measurable state, where necessary 3.1.18 standard operating procedure SOP written set of procedures that details the method of an operation, analysis, or action whose techniques and procedures are thoroughly prescribed and that is accepted as the method
43、for performing certain routine or repetitive tasks DIN EN 15841:2010-04 EN 15841:2009 (E) 7 3.1.19 standard uncertainty standard measurement uncertainty measurements uncertainty expressed as a standard deviation EN ISO 20988:2007, 3.18; ISO/IEC Guide 98:2008, 2.3.1 3.1.20 uncertainty (of a measureme
44、nt) measurement uncertainty parameter associated with the result of a measurement that characterises the dispersion of the values that could reasonably be attributed to the measurement EN ISO 20988:2007, 3.18; ISO/IEC Guide 98:2008, B.2.18; 3.1.21 wet deposition sum of depositions of sedimenting wet
45、 particles and droplets NOTE Wet particles and droplets in the atmosphere undergo the process of scavenging of any gases and/or particles. 3.1.22 wet-only collector collector open only during precipitation events, typically a funnel-bottle combination 3.2 Abbreviations EMEP Co-operative programme fo
46、r monitoring and evaluation of the long-range transmission of air pollutants in Europe GF-AAS Graphite Furnace - Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ICP-MS Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry SOP Standard Operating Procedure CRM Certified Reference Material WMO/GAW World Meteorological Organiz
47、ation/Global Atmosphere Watch 4 Principle Total atmospheric deposition of metals, which is defined as the sum of the deposition of sedimenting particles, non-sedimenting particles and gases, or sum of wet and dry deposition, cannot be determined by a single simple method. The determination of the dr
48、y deposition requires micrometeorological measurements taking into account the turbulent atmospheric transport processes. Wet deposition and bulk deposition, however, can be estimated using suitable collectors. This standard describes methods to determine wet deposition and bulk deposition using wet
49、-only and bulk collectors. The wet-only collector is designed to collect only sedimenting wet particles, while the bulk collector is designed to collect all sedimenting wet and dry particles. However, since the deposition process is affected by various factors, e.g. wind speed, temperature, vegetation and surface type, the wet-only collector will not catch all sedimenting wet particles while some sedimenting dry particles, non-sedimenting particles and gases DIN
