1、September 2014DEUTSCHE NORM DIN-Normenausschuss Luft- und Raumfahrt (NL)Preisgruppe 17DIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V. Jede Art der Vervielfltigung, auch auszugsweise, nur mit Genehmigung des DIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin, gestattet.ICS 49.140!%7Vh“2205169www.din.deDDIN EN 1
2、6603-10-09Raumfahrttechnik Bezugskoordinatensystem;Englische Fassung EN 16603-10-09:2014Space engineering Reference coordinate system;English version EN 16603-10-09:2014Ingnirie spatiale Systme de coordonnes de rfrence;Version anglaise EN 16603-10-09:2014Alleinverkauf der Normen durch Beuth Verlag G
3、mbH, 10772 Berlin www.beuth.deGesamtumfang 43 SeitenDIN EN 16603-10-09:2014-09 2 Nationales Vorwort Dieses Dokument (EN 16603-10-09:2014) wurde vom Technischen Komitee CEN/CLC/TC 5 Space“ erarbeitet, dessen Sekretariat vom DIN gehalten wird. Das zustndige deutsche Normungsgremium ist der Arbeitsauss
4、chuss NA 131-10-01 AA Interoperabilitt von Informations-, Kommunikations- und Navigationssystemen“ im DIN-Normenausschuss Luft- und Raumfahrt (NL). Dieses Dokument basiert auf ECSS-E-ST-10-09C. Dieses Dokument wurde speziell zur Behandlung von Raumfahrtsystemen erarbeitet und hat daher Vorrang vor j
5、eglicher Europischer Norm, da es denselben Anwendungsbereich hat, jedoch ber einen greren Geltungsbereich (z. B. Luft- und Raumfahrt) verfgt. DIN EN 16603-10-09:2014-09 3 Nationaler Anhang NA (informativ) Begriffe 3.1 Begriffe aus anderen Normen Fr die Anwendung dieser Norm gelten die Begriffe aus E
6、CSS-S-ST-00-01. ANMERKUNG 1 Einige Begriffe wurden aus anderen Dokumenten entnommen, auf die in den Verweisungen in eckigen Klammern verwiesen wird. ANMERKUNG 2 Es gibt keine Vereinbarung fr die Verwendung von Kombinationen der Wrter Bezug, Koordinate, Rahmen und System“. Diese Begriffe werden in de
7、r Praxis oftmals synonym gebraucht. 1989 hat Wilkins 1 dazu einen Vorschlag gemacht. Diese Norm wendet eine einfachere Terminologie an, die mehr mit der alltglichen Praxis im Einklang steht. 3.2 Spezielle Begriffe fr diese Norm 3.2.1 Koordinatensystem Verfahren zur Festlegung der Position eines Punk
8、tes oder einer Richtung hinsichtlich eines festgelegten Rahmens ANMERKUNG Z. B. kartesische oder rechtwinklige Koordinaten, Kugelkoordinaten und geodtische Koordinaten. 3.2.2 Rahmen Dreiergruppe von Achsen, zusammen mit einem Ursprung 3.2.3 Trgheitsrahmen sich nicht drehender Rahmen ANMERKUNG 1 Die
9、Bezugsrichtungen des Trgheitsrahmens sind auf eine Epoche fixiert. ANMERKUNG 2 Bei einigen Anwendungen kann der Erdmittelpunkt fr die Auswahl des Ursprungs als nicht beschleunigend betrachtet werden 3.2.4 J2000.0 astronomische Standardepoche 1. Januar 2000 12.00 Uhr (TT) ANMERKUNG Das entspricht JD2
10、451545.0 (TT). DIN EN 16603-10-09:2014-09 4 3.3 Abkrzungen Fr die Anwendung dieser Norm gelten die Abkrzungen aus ECSS-S-ST-00-01 sowie die folgenden Abkrzungen: Abkrzung Bedeutung AIT Zusammenbau, Verschaltung und Prfung (en: assembly, integration and test) AIV Zusammenbau, Verschaltung und Verifiz
11、ierung (en: assembly, integration and verification) BCRS baryzentrisches Himmels-Bezugssystem (en: barycentric celestial reference system) BIPM Internationales Bro fr Ma und Gewicht (en: Bureau International des Poids et Mesures international bureau of weights and measures) CAD computergesttzte Kons
12、truktion (en: computer aided design) CCSDS Beratungsausschuss fr Raumfahrt-Datensysteme (en: Consulatative Committee for Space Data Systems) CoM Masseschwerpunkt (en: centre of mass) CSD Koordinatensystemdokument (en: coordinate systems document) DoF Freiheitsgrad (en: degree of freedom) DRD Definit
13、ion der Anforderungen an Dokumente (en: document requirements definition) GCRS geozentrisches Himmels-Bezugssystem (en: geocentric celestial reference system) IAG Internationale Organisation der Geodsie (en: International Association of Geodesy) IAU Internationale Astronomische Union (en: Internatio
14、nal Astronomical Union) ICD Schnittstellenkontrolldokument (en: interface control document) ICRF internationaler Himmels-Bezugsrahmen (en: international celestial reference frame) ICRS internationales Himmels-Bezugssystem (en: international celestial reference system) IERS internationaler Dienst fr
15、Erdrotation und Referenzsysteme (en: international Earth rotation and reference service) IMCCE Institut fr Himmelsmechanik und die Berechnung der Ephemeriden) (fr: Institut de Mcanique Cleste et de Calcul des Ephmrides) ISO Internationale Organisation fr Normung (en: International Organization for S
16、tandardization) ITRF internationaler terrestrischer Bezugsrahmen (en: international terrestrial reference frame) ITRS internationales terrestrisches Bezugssystem (en: international terrestrial reference system) IUGG Internationale Union fr Geodsie und Geophysik (en: International Union of Geodesy an
17、d Geophysics) J2000.0 Epoche 1. Januar 2000 12.00 Uhr (TT) (en: epoch 2000 January 1.5 (TT) JPL DExxx vom Labor fr Strahlantrieb entwickelte Ephemeride Nr. xxx (en: Jet Propulsion Laboratory development ephemeris, number xxx) L/V Trgerrakete (en: launch vehicle) DIN EN 16603-10-09:2014-09 5 MICD Sch
18、nittstellenkontrolldokument fr mechanische Schnittstellen (en: mechanical interface control document) RCS Reaktionssteuerungssystem (en: reaction control system) SEP Systemtechnik-Plan (en: system engineering plan) SI Internationales Einheitensystem (fr: systme international) STR Sternsensor (en: st
19、ar tracker) TAI Internationale Atomzeit (fr: temps atomique international en: international atomic time) ToD wahres quatorsystem der Messepoche (en: true of date) TT terrestrische Zeit (en: terrestrial time) UTC koordinierte Weltzeit (en: coordinated universal time fr: temps universel coordonn) WGCC
20、RE Arbeitsgruppe zu kartografischen Koordinaten und Rotationselementen (en: Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements) w.r.t. in Bezug auf (en: with respect to) DIN EN 16603-10-09:2014-09 6 Leerseite EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16603-10-09 July 2014 I
21、CS 49.140 English version Space engineering - Reference coordinate system Ingnirie spatiale - Systme de coordonnes de rfrence Raumfahrttechnik - Bezugskoordinatensystem This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 December 2013. CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC In
22、ternal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to a
23、ny CEN and CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
24、 status as the official versions. CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ice
25、land, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any f
26、orm and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 16603-10-09:2014 EEN 16603-10-09:2014 (E) 2 Table of contents Foreword 5 Introduction 6 1 Scope . 7 2 Normative references . 8 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 9 3.1 Terms from other stand
27、ards 9 3.2 Terms specific to the present standard . 9 3.3 Abbreviated terms. 10 4 Objectives, process and principles 12 4.1 General . 12 4.2 Concepts and processes 12 4.2.1 Process . 12 4.2.2 Documentation 12 4.2.3 Coordinate system chain analysis . 12 4.2.4 Notation 13 4.3 Technical issues . 13 4.3
28、.1 Frame and coordinate system . 13 4.3.2 Transformation between coordinate systems 13 4.3.3 IERS definition of a transformation 14 4.3.4 Time 14 5 Requirements 15 5.1 Overview 15 5.2 Process requirements . 15 5.2.1 Responsibility 15 5.2.2 Documentation 15 5.2.3 Analysis 16 5.3 General requirements
29、. 16 5.3.1 Applicability . 16 5.3.2 Notation 17 DIN EN 16603-10-09:2014-09 EN 16603-10-09:2014 (E) 3 5.3.3 Figures 17 5.4 Technical requirements 18 5.4.1 Frame . 18 5.4.2 Coordinate system 18 5.4.3 Unit . 18 5.4.4 Time 18 5.4.5 Mechanical frames 19 5.4.6 Planet coordinates 19 5.4.7 Coordinate system
30、 parameterisation . 19 5.4.8 Transformation decomposition and parameterisation 19 5.4.9 Transformation definition . 20 Annex A (normative) Coordinate Systems Document (CSD) - DRD . 22 A.1 DRD identification . 22 A.1.1 Requirement identification and source document 22 A.1.2 Purpose and objective . 22
31、 A.2 Expected response . 22 A.2.1 Scope and content 22 A.2.2 Special remarks 24 Annex B (informative) Transformation tree analysis . 25 B.1 General . 25 B.2 Transformation examples . 25 B.3 Tree analysis 25 B.4 Franck diagrams . 25 Annex C (informative) International standards authorities . 32 C.1 S
32、tandards . 32 C.2 Time . 32 C.2.1 United States Naval Observatory (USNO) . 32 C.2.2 Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) . 32 C.3 Ephemerides 32 C.3.1 Institut de Mcanique Cleste et de Calcul des Ephmrides (IMCCE) 32 C.3.2 Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) ephemerides . 33 C.4 Reference sy
33、stems . 33 C.4.1 International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS) 33 C.4.2 International Astronomical Union (IAU) . 33 C.4.3 United States naval observatory (USNO) 33 C.4.4 National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) . 34 DIN EN 16603-10-09:2014-09 EN 16603-10-09:2014 (E) 4 C.5 Consu
34、ltative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) . 34 C.5.1 Navigation . 34 C.5.2 Orbit 34 C.5.3 Attitude 34 C.6 IAU/IAG Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements (WGCCRE) . 35 References . 36 Bibliography . 37 Figures Figure B-1 : General tree structure illustrating a produc
35、t tree . 28 Figure B-2 : Transformation chain decomposition for coordinate systems 29 Figure B-3 : Example of Franck diagram for a spacecraft . 30 Figure B-4 : Example of Franck diagram for a star tracker 31 Tables Table B-1 : Example of mechanical body frame . 26 Table B-2 : Example of orbital coor
36、dinate system . 27 DIN EN 16603-10-09:2014-09 EN 16603-10-09:2014 (E) 5 Foreword This document (EN 16603-10-09:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/CLC/TC 5 “Space”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This standard (EN 16603-10-09:2014) originates from ECSS-E-ST-10-09C. This Euro
37、pean Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the ele
38、ments of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been developed to cover specifically space systems and has therefore precedence over any EN covering the same scope but with a
39、 wider domain of applicability (e.g. : aerospace). According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
40、 Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.” DIN EN 16603-10-09:2014-09 EN 16603
41、-10-09:2014 (E) 6 Introduction Clear definition of reference directions, coordinate systems and their inter-relationships is part of the System Engineering process. Problems caused by inadequate early definition, often pass unnoticed during the exchange of technical information. This Standard addres
42、ses this by separating the technical aspects from the issues connected with process, maintenance and transfer of such information. Clause 4 provides some explanation and justification, applicable to all types of space systems, missions and phases. Clause 5 contains the requirements and recommendatio
43、ns. Helpful and informative material is provided in the Annexes. DIN EN 16603-10-09:2014-09 EN 16603-10-09:2014 (E) 7 1 Scope The objective of the Coordinate Systems Standard is to define the requirements related to the various coordinate systems, as well as their related mutual inter-relationships
44、and transformations, which are used for mission definition, engineering, verification, operations and output data processing of a space system and its elements. This Standard aims at providing a practical, space-focused implementation of Coordinate Systems, developing a set of definitions and requir
45、ements. These constitute a common reference or “checklist” of maximum utility for organising and conducting the system engineering activities of a space system project or for participating as customer or supplier at any level of system decomposition. This standard may be tailored for the specific ch
46、aracteristics and constraints of a space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00. DIN EN 16603-10-09:2014-09 EN 16603-10-09:2014 (E) 8 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this ECSS Standard. For
47、dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of any of these publications, do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this ECSS Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated r
48、eferences the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN reference Reference in text Title EN 16601-00-01 ECSS-S-ST-00-01 ECSS system Glossary of terms EN 16601-10 ECSS-M-ST-10 Space project management Project planning and implementation DIN EN 16603-10-09:2014-09 EN 16603-10-09:2014
49、(E) 9 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 3.1 Terms from other standards For the purpose of this Standard, the terms and definitions from ECSS-S-ST-00-01 apply. NOTE 1 Some terms are taken from other documents, referenced in square brackets in the References. NOTE 2 There is no agreed convention for usage of combinations of the words “reference, coordinate, frame and system”. These terms are often used interchangeably in practice. In 1989, Wilkins 1 made a proposal. This Standard adopts a si
