1、August 2017 English price group 15No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 13.020.55; 71.040.40; 83.040.01!%
2、iEnglish version EN 16640:2017,English translation of DIN EN 16640:2017-08Biobasierte Produkte Gehalt an biobasiertem Kohlenstoff Bestimmung des Gehalts an biobasiertem Kohlenstoff mittels Radiokarbonmethode;Englische Fassung EN 16640:2017,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 16640:2017-08Produits biosou
3、rcs Teneur en carbone biosourc Dtermination de la teneur en carbone biosourc par la mthode au radiocarbone;Version anglaise EN 16640:2017,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 16640:2017-08SupersedesDIN EN 16640:201705www.beuth.deDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language origi
4、nal shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 35 pages 07.17 DIN EN 16640:2017-08 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN 16640:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 411 “Bio-based products” (Secretariat: NEN, Netherlands). The responsi
5、ble German body involved in its preparation was DIN-Normenausschuss Grundlagen des Umweltschutzes (DIN Standards Committee Principles of Environmental Protection), Working Committee NA 172-00-11 AA “Bio-based products”. Amendments This standard differs from DIN CEN/TS 16640 (DIN SPEC 35800):2014-05
6、as follows: a) information on TOC parameters has been deleted; b) Annex A has been restructured; c) Annex C has been revised; d) Annex D has been revised; e) Annex F “Performance characteristics” has been included. Compared with DIN EN 16640:2017-05, the following corrections have been made: a) in C
7、lause 5, in Table 1, columns 2/3/4/5 of line 3 (Method B) have been exchanged with columns 2/3/4/5 of line 4 (Method C); b) in Clause 1 and in the Bibliography, national footnotes N1, N2 and N3 have been included. Previous editions DIN CEN/TS 16640 (DIN SPEC 35800): 2014-05 DIN EN 16640: 2017-05 EUR
8、OPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16640 February 2017 ICS 13.020.55; 71.040.40; 83.040.01 Supersedes CEN/TS 16640:2014English Version Bio-based products - Bio-based carbon content - Determination of the bio-based carbon content using the radiocarbon method Produits biosourcs - Teneur
9、 en carbone biosourc - Dtermination de la teneur en carbone biosourc par la mthode au radiocarbone Biobasierte Produkte - Gehalt an biobasiertem Kohlenstoff - Bestimmung des Gehalts an biobasiertem Kohlenstoff mittels Radiokarbonmethode This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 December 2016.
10、CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on a
11、pplication to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
12、 Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
13、Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
14、 Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16640:2017 EEN 16640:2017 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 4 Introduction 5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions .
15、 6 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 7 5 Principle . 8 Table 1 Advantages and disadvantages of the methods 8 6 Determination of the 14C content . 9 6.1 General 9 6.2 Principle . 9 6.3 Sampling . 9 6.4 Procedure for the conversion of the carbon present in the sample to a suitable sample for 14C determina
16、tion . 9 6.5 Measurements 9 7 Calculation of the bio-based carbon content 10 7.1 General . 10 7.2 Reference value for 100 % bio-based carbon 10 Table 2 Typical values for biomass fractions 11 7.3 Calculation method 11 7.3.1 Calculation of the bio-based carbon content by dry mass xB11 7.3.2 Calculati
17、on of the bio-based carbon content xTCBas a fraction of TC . 12 7.3.3 Examples . 12 7.3.4 Examples of calculations xTCB. 13 8 Performance characteristics 13 9 Test report 13 Annex A (informative) Procedures for sampling of products . 15 A.1 General . 15 Table A.1. Sampling procedures 15 Annex B (nor
18、mative) Procedure for the conversion of the carbon present in the sample to a suitable sample for 14C determination . 16 B.1 General . 16 B.2 Sample preparation . 16 Table B.1 Sample preparations . 16 B.3 Preparation for 14C measurement 16 B.3.1 General . 16 B.3.2 Reagents and materials 17 B.4 Combu
19、stion of the sample . 17 DIN EN 16640:2017-08 EN 16640:2017 (E) 3 B.4.1 Combustion of the sample in a calorimetric bomb . 17 B.4.2 Combustion of the sample in a tube furnace or a combustion apparatus 18 B.4.3 Direct LSC measurement on the product . 19 B.5 Standardization of LSC and BI measurement re
20、sults 19 B.6 Standardization of AMS measurement results . 20 B.7 Symbols and abbreviations . 20 Annex C (normative) Method A - Liquid scintillation-counter method (LSC) 21 C.1 General . 21 C.2 Principle . 21 C.3 Reagents and materials 21 C.4 Apparatus 21 C.5 Procedure 22 C.5.1 General . 22 C.5.2 Ben
21、zene conversion . 22 C.5.3 Direct absorption of the CO2in a carbamate solution . 22 C.5.4 Measurement . 22 C.5.5 Blank correction . 23 C.6 Calculation of the results . 23 Annex D (informative) Method C - Beta-ionization (BI) 24 D.1 General . 24 D.2 Principle . 24 D.3 Reagents and materials 24 D.4 Ap
22、paratus 25 D.5 Procedure 25 D.6 Calculation of the results . 26 Annex E (normative) Method B - Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) . 27 E.1 General . 27 E.2 Principle . 25 E.3 Reagents and materials 27 E.4 Apparatus 27 E.5 Procedure 27 E.6 Calculation of the results . 28 Annex F (informative) Perfor
23、mance characteristics 29 Table F.1 description of sample types 29 Table F.2 Performance data for 14C methods . 30 Bibliography . 31 DIN EN 16640:2017-08 EN 16640:2017 (E) 4European foreword This document (EN 16640:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 411 “Bio-based products”, the se
24、cretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2017. Attention is dra
25、wn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes CEN/TS 16640:2014. This document has been prepared under Mandate M/492 “Mandate addressed to
26、 CEN, CENELEC and ETSI for the development of horizontal European Standards and other standardization deliverables for bio-based products”. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard
27、: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia
28、, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 16640:2017-08 EN 16640:2017 (E) 5Introduction Bio-based products from forestry and agriculture have a long history of application, such as paper, board and various chemicals and materials. The last decades have seen the emergence of
29、 new bio-based products in the market. Some of the reasons for the increased interest lie in the bio-based products benefits in relation to the depletion of fossil resources and climate change. Bio-based products may also provide additional product functionalities. This has triggered a wave of innov
30、ation with the development of knowledge and technologies allowing new transformation processes and product development. Acknowledging the need for common standards for bio-based products, the European Commission issued Mandate M/4921), resulting in a series of standards developed by CEN/TC 411, with
31、 a focus on bio-based products other than food, feed and biomass for energy applications. The standards of CEN/TC 411 “Bio-based products” provide a common basis on the following aspects: Common terminology; Bio-based content determination; Life Cycle Assessment (LCA); Sustainability aspects; Declar
32、ation tools. It is important to understand what the term bio-based product covers and how it is being used. The term bio-based means derived from biomass. Bio-based products (bottles, insulation materials, wood and wood products, paper solvents, chemical intermediates, composite materials, etc.) are
33、 products which are wholly or partly derived from biomass. It is essential to characterize the amount of biomass contained in the product by, for instance, its bio-based content or bio-based carbon content. The bio-based content of a product does not provide information on its environmental impact o
34、r sustainability, which may be assessed through LCA and sustainability criteria. In addition, transparent and unambiguous communication within bio-based value chains is facilitated by a harmonized framework for certification and declaration. This European Standard has been developed with the aim to
35、specify the method for the determination of bio-based carbon content in bio-based products using the 14C method. This method using the 14C method is based on the analytical test methods used for the determination of the age of objects containing carbon. This European Standard provides the reference
36、test methods for laboratories, producers, suppliers and purchasers of bio-based product materials and products. It may be also useful for authorities and inspection organizations. Part of the research leading to this document has been performed under the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (s
37、ee http:/www.biobasedeconomy.eu/research/kbbpps/).This document is based on EN 15440 1 prepared by CEN/TC 343, “Solid recovered fuels”, EN ISO 13833 2, prepared by ISO/TC 146 “Air quality” and CEN/TC 264 “Air quality”, and CEN/TS 16137 3, prepared by CEN/TC 249, “Plastics”. The analytical test metho
38、ds specified in this European Standard are compatible with those described in ASTM D 6866-12 4. 1) A mandate is a standardization task embedded in European trade laws. Mandate M/492 is addressed to the European Standardization bodies, CEN, CENELEC and ETSI, for the development of horizontal European
39、 Standards for bio-based products. DIN EN 16640:2017-08 EN 16640:2017 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the bio-based carbon content in products, based on the 14C content measurement. This European Standard also specifies two test methods to be used for
40、 the determination of the 14C content from which the bio-based carbon content is calculated: Method A: Liquid scintillation-counter method (LSC) ; Method B: Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). A third method, Method C: Beta ionization (BI) can also be used for the determination of the 14C content a
41、nd is described in Annex D (informative) The bio-based carbon content is expressed by a fraction of sample mass or as a fraction of the total carbon content. This calculation method is applicable to any product containing carbon, including bio composites. NOTE This European Standard does not provide
42、 the methodology for the calculation of the biomass content of a sample see prEN 16785 1 5 and prEN 16785 2 6. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the ed
43、ition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 15400, Solid recovered fuels - Determination of calorific value EN ISO 1716, Reaction to fire tests for products - Determination of the gross heat of combustion (calorifi
44、c value) (ISO 1716) ISO 1928, Solid mineral fuels Determination of gross calorific value by the bomb calorimetric method and calculation of net calorific value 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 organic material material containi
45、ng carbon-based compound in which the element carbon is attached to other carbon atoms, hydrogen, oxygen, or other elements in a chain, ring, or three-dimensional structure 3.2 isotope abundance fraction of atoms of a particular isotope of an element 3.3 percentage modern carbon pMC normalized and s
46、tandardized value for the amount of the 14C isotope in a sample, calculated relative to the standardized and normalized 14C isotope amount of oxalic acid standard reference material, NIST SRM 4990b or NIST SRM 4990c or Sucrose (NIST SRM 8542) Note 1 to entry: In 2016, the value of 100 % bio-based ca
47、rbon was set at 101,5 0,5 pMC. DIN EN 16640:2017-08 - -.N1) N2)N1) National footnote: This document has already been published as EN 16785-1. N2) National footnote: PrEN 16785-2 designates a European draft standard. EN 16785-2 is expected tobe published soon. EN 16640:2017 (E) 7 Note 2 to entry: SRM
48、 4990c, SRM 4990b and SRM 8582 are the trade name of products supplied by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology. This information is given for the convenience of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by CEN of this product. Equivalent products may be used if t
49、hey can be shown to lead to the same results. 3.4 laboratory sample sub-quantity of a sample suitable for laboratory tests 3.5 sample quantity of material, representative of a larger quantity for which the property is to be determined 3.6 sample preparation all the actions taken to obtain representative analysis samples or test portions from the original sample 3.7 beta- particle electron emitted during radioactive decay 4 Symbols and abbrev
