1、July 2017 English price group 19No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 13.060.70!%gg+“2686808www.din.deDIN
2、 EN 16859Water uality Guidance standard on monitoring freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) populations and their environment;English version EN 16859:2017,English translation of DIN EN 16859:2017-07Wasserbeschaffenheit Anleitung fr das Monitoring von Populationen der Flussperlmusche
3、l (Margaritifera margaritifera) und ihrer Umwelt;Englische Fassung EN 16859:2017,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 16859:2017-07Qualit de leau Norme guide sur le suivi des populations de moules perlires deau douce (Margaritifera margaritifera) et de leur environnement;Version anglaise EN 16859:2017,Tr
4、aduction anglaise de DIN EN 16859:2017-07www.beuth.deDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 48 pages 06.17q2A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN 16859:2017) has been
5、prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 230 “Water analysis” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was DIN-Normenausschuss Wasserwesen (DIN Standards Committee Water Practice), Working Committee NA 119-01-03 AA “Water examination (CEN/TC 230, ISO/TC 147)
6、”. DIN EN 16859:2017-07 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16859 February 2017 ICS 13.060.70 English Version Water quality - Guidance standard on monitoring freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) populations and their environment Qualit de leau - Norme guide sur le s
7、uivi des populations de moules perlires deau douce (Margaritifera margaritifera) et de leur environnementWasserbeschaffenheit - Anleitung fr das Monitoring von Populationen der Flussperlmuschel (Margaritifera argaritifera) und ihrer Umwelt This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 December 201
8、6. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained o
9、n application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENE
10、LEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Ital
11、y, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Cent
12、re: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16859:2017 EmEN 16859:2017 (E) 2Contents Page European foreword . 5 Introduction 6 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references 7 3 Terms and definition
13、s . 7 4 Monitoring and assessing the condition of a Margaritifera population. 12 4.1 Requirements for a sustainable Margaritifera population. 12 4.1.1 General . 12 4.1.2 Monitoring 12 4.2 Training and quality assurance for pearl mussel survey and assessment 14 4.2.1 Pearl mussel survey 14 4.2.2 Trai
14、ning manuals . 15 4.2.3 Data entry and validation 15 4.2.4 Licences . 15 5 Monitoring the environmental conditions needed to support Margaritifera margaritifera populations 15 5.1 General . 15 5.2 Fish hosts . 16 5.2.1 Fish host species . 16 5.2.2 Barriers to fish migration . 17 5.2.3 Host suitabili
15、ty 17 5.3 Water quality . 17 5.3.1 General . 17 5.3.2 Phosphorus. 17 5.3.3 Nitrogen, including ammonia 17 5.3.4 BOD5/ dissolved oxygen 18 5.3.5 pH . 18 5.3.6 Calcium. 18 5.3.7 Alkalinity . 18 5.3.8 Electrical conductivity 18 5.3.9 Temperature 18 5.3.10 Contaminants . 19 5.3.11 Turbidity, suspended s
16、olids . 19 5.3.12 Biotic indicators of water quality . 20 5.4 Hydromorphology 21 5.4.1 Monitoring requirements . 21 DIN EN 16859:2017-07 5.4.2 Flow . 22 5.4.3 Physical habitat structure . 23 5.4.4 Substrate quality . 24 5.4.5 Substrate stability 25 5.4.6 Trees and wood . 25 5.4.7 Instream modificati
17、ons 25 6 Monitoring environmental pressures . 25 7 Information needed to assess plans or projects on rivers with Margaritifera 27 EN 16859:2017 (E) 3 Annex A (informative) Background information on the environmental characteristics important for maintaining populations of Margaritifera margaritifera
18、 29 A.1 Fish hosts . 29 A.1.1 Fish host species . 29 A.1.2 Barriers to fish migration 29 A.1.3 Host suitability and stocking practices . 29 A.2 Water quality 30 A.2.1 Phosphorus . 30 A.2.2 Nitrogen, including ammonia . 30 A.2.3 BOD5/dissolved oxygen 30 A.2.4 pH . 30 A.2.5 Calcium . 31 A.2.6 Alkalini
19、ty . 31 A.2.7 Electrical conductivity 31 A.2.8 Temperature 32 A.2.9 Contaminants . 32 A.2.10 Turbidity, suspended solids . 32 A.3 Biotic indicators of water quality . 33 A.3.1 Macroinvertebrates . 33 A.3.2 Diatoms 33 A.3.3 Filamentous algae . 33 A.3.4 Macrophytes . 33 A.4 Hydromorphology 34 A.4.1 Fl
20、ow . 34 DIN EN 16859:2017-07 A.4.2 Physical habitat structure . 34 A.4.3 Substrate quality 35 A.4.4 Substrate stability 36 A.4.5 Trees and wood . 36 A.4.6 Instream modifications 36 A.5 Biotic factors and other interactions 37 A.5.1 Pressures and interferences 37 A.5.2 Human interference 37 A.5.3 Inv
21、asive non-native species . 37 A.5.4 Non-native fish 37 A.5.5 Non-native molluscs 37 A.5.6 Non-native crayfish . 38 A.5.7 Non-native plants . 38 A.5.8 Non-native mammals 38 EN 16859:2017 (E) 4 Annex B (informative) Targets for assessing whether Margaritifera populations are in favourable condition .
22、39 Annex C (informative) Range of environmental conditions supporting sustainable populations of Margaritifera . 40 Bibliography . 44 DIN EN 16859:2017-07 EN 16859:2017 (E) 5 European foreword This document (EN 16859:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 230 “Water analysis”, the sec
23、retariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2017. Attention is draw
24、n to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are
25、 bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Por
26、tugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 16859:2017-07 EN 16859:2017 (E) 6 Introduction This European Standard provides guidance on monitoring populations of freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera and the environmental
27、 features on which this species depends. Pearl mussels are endangered throughout their Holarctic range as a result of intensive land-use, pollution, river engineering, abstraction, declining populations of host fish, and exploitation by pearl fishers 1, 2, 3. Throughout this document, use of the ter
28、m Margaritifera refers only to the species Margaritifera margaritifera (Linnaeus, 1758). Within the EU, Margaritifera is protected under national legislation as well as by the EC Habitats Directive (Council Directive 92/43/EEC) which requires Special Areas of Conservation to be designated to safegua
29、rd this species. The presence of a population of Margaritifera with full juvenile recruitment is the sign of a healthy functioning river 4. Margaritifera has a well-documented but complicated life history, with a larval glochidial stage dependent on a salmonid host. The larvae encyst within the host
30、 fish gills following release of glochidia in summer or early autumn. There they overwinter and grow before dropping off in the following spring or early summer. The few that survive initially remain buried in the river-bed substrate for several years where they interact with interstitial water. Old
31、er mussels typically have their siphons exposed to filter within the open water. The glochidial and juvenile stages are more demanding of a high-quality environment than adult mussels, emphasizing the importance of defining and maintaining appropriate ecological conditions for the young stages 5. Ma
32、rgaritifera lives for an unusually long time over 100 years in much of its range but life spans can be much shorter at the southern extreme of its range and much longer at the northern extreme. A lack of recruitment of young mussels leads to populations becoming unsustainable, but these problems can
33、 be masked by the continued survival of older mussels for many years long after successful recruitment has ended. The requirement for a host salmonid fish to carry the mussel larval stage presents an added challenge in maintaining the condition of freshwater pearl mussel populations. Although Margar
34、itifera is highly demanding in river substrate and water quality, it occurs in a wide range of catchments from small, siliceous, oligotrophic rivers, often with a lake upstream, to large lowland mineral systems. This standard strives to encompass the range of latitudinal and geological factors that
35、affect Margaritifera across its range. It is essential to take into consideration the unique pressures on each individual population when setting priorities for monitoring. NOTE A limited number of key references are given in the Bibliography. A comprehensive list can be consulted by using the follo
36、wing link to the website of the Freshwater Biological Association http:/www.fba.org.uk/cen-pearl-mussel-standard-development-reference-list The applications of the standard include the provision of site-level data that will contribute to reporting under the Habitats Directive, Article 17, undertakin
37、g environmental impact assessment, and restoring pearl mussel populations. WARNING Safety issues are paramount when surveying rivers. Surveyors should conform to EU and national Health and Safety legislation, and any additional guidelines appropriate for working in or near rivers. IMPORTANT Freshwat
38、er pearl mussel surveys are carried out under licence, and the methods used should be fully compliant with any conditions imposed. DIN EN 16859:2017-07 EN 16859:2017 (E) 7 1 Scope This European Standard provides guidance on methods for monitoring freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera)
39、 populations and the environmental characteristics important for maintaining populations in favourable condition. The standard is based on best practice developed and used by Margaritifera experts in Europe, and describes approaches that individual countries have adopted for survey, data analysis an
40、d condition assessment. While it is recommended that the causes for pearl mussel decline should be urgently investigated, standard methods for restoring populations are beyond the scope of this document. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced
41、in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 14688-1:2002, Geotechnical investigation and testing - Identification and
42、 classification of soil - Part 1: Identification and description (ISO 14688-1:2002) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 acoustic doppler current profiler ADCP sonar device that produces a record of water current velocities for a r
43、ange of depths 3.2 aquatic macrophyte larger plant of fresh water which is easily seen with the naked eye, including all aquatic vascular plants, bryophytes, stoneworts (Characeae) and macro-algal growths Note 1 to entry: This definition includes plants associated with open water or wetlands with sh
44、allow water. SOURCE: EN 14614:2004, definition 2.1 3.3 bankfull maximum point on banks at which floods are held within the channel before spilling over onto the floodplain SOURCE: EN 14614:2004, definition 2.5 3.4 baseline survey first survey of environmental or biological features by which progress
45、 towards rehabilitation or continuing decline can be monitored by subsequent surveys 3.5 bathyscope bucket with a transparent bottom used for viewing freshwater pearl mussels on the river bed DIN EN 16859:2017-07 EN 16859:2017 (E) 83.6 biochemical oxygen demand after 5 days BOD5mass concentration of
46、 dissolved oxygen consumed under specified conditions by the biochemical oxidation of organic and/or inorganic matter in water after 5 days Note 1 to entry: For the purposes of this document, “biochemical oxidation” is taken to mean “biological oxidation”. SOURCE: ISO 5815-1:2003, definition 3.1 mod
47、ified 3.7 brooding period length of time that glochidia remain within the body of a gravid pearl mussel 3.8 colmation blockage of stream-bed interstitial spaces by the ingress of fine sediments and organic material 3.9 compaction consolidation of the river bed through physical, chemical or biologica
48、l processes SOURCE: EN 14614:2004, definition 2.10 3.10 concretion hard, compact mass of sedimentary rock formed by the precipitation of mineral cement within the spaces between the sediment grains 3.11 culvert arched, enclosed or piped structure constructed to carry water under roads, railways and
49、buildings SOURCE: EN 15843:2010, definition 3.8 3.12 ecological quality ratio EQR ratio between the value of the observed biological parameter for a given surface water body and the expected value under reference conditions 3.13 encystment process in which pearl mussel glochidia attach to the gills of their salmonid hosts 3.14 eutrophication process by which a body of water acquires an overabundance of nutrients, especially phosphates and nitrates, leading to increased growth of algae and macrophytes DIN EN 16859:2017-07 EN 16859:2017 (E)
