1、January 2010DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 16No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 75.060!$Tu“1564982www.
2、din.deDDIN EN ISO 12213-2Natural gas Calculation of compression factor Part 2: Calculation using molar-composition analysis (ISO 12213-2:2006)English version of DIN EN ISO 12213-2:2010-01Erdgas Berechnung von Realgasfaktoren Teil 2: Berechnungen basierend auf einer molaren Gasanalyse als Eingangsgre
3、(ISO 12213-2:2006)Englische Fassung DIN EN ISO 12213-2:2010-01SupersedesDIN EN ISO 12213-2:2005-09www.beuth.deDocument comprises pages37DIN EN ISO 12213-2:2010-01 National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 193 “Natural gas”, Subcommittee SC 1 “Analysis of natural
4、 gas” (Secretariat: NEN, Netherlands). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Materialprfung (Materials Testing Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 062-05-73 AA Gasanalyse und Gasbeschaffenheit. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Stan
5、dards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 6976 DIN EN ISO 6976 ISO 12213-1 DIN EN ISO 12213-1 ISO 13443 DIN EN ISO 13443 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN ISO 12213-2:2005-09 as follows: a) Table 1 “Minor and trace components” has been revised. Previous editions DIN EN ISO 12
6、213-2: 2005-09 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 6976, Natural gas Calculation of calorific values, density, relative density and Wobbe index from composition DIN EN ISO 12213-1, Natural gas Calculation of compression factor Part 1: Introduction and guidelines DIN EN ISO 13443,
7、 Natural gas Standard reference conditions 2 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 12213-2 September 2009 ICS 75.060 Supersedes EN ISO 12213-2:2005English Version Natural gas - Calculation of compression factor - Part 2: Calculation using molar-composition analysis (ISO 12213-2:20
8、06) Gaz naturel - Calcul du facteur de compression - Partie 2: Calcul partir de lanalyse de la composition molaire (ISO 12213-2:2006) Erdgas - Berechnung von Realgasfaktoren - Teil 2: Berechnungen basierend auf einer molaren Gasanalyse als Eingangsgre (ISO 12213-2:2006) This European Standard was ap
9、proved by CEN on 13 August 2009. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nation
10、al standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and no
11、tified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
12、Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of e
13、xploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 12213-2:2009: EContents Page Foreword. . 3 1 Scope . 4 2 Normative references . 4 3 Terms and definitions. 4 4 Method of calculation. 5 4.1 Principle. 5 4.2 The AGA8-92DC equation 5 4.3 Input variab
14、les. 6 4.4 Ranges of application. 6 4.5 Uncertainty 8 5 Computer program . 10 Annex A (normative) Symbols and units. 11 Annex B (normative) Description of the AGA8-92DC method. 13 Annex C (normative) Example calculations 21 Annex D (normative) Pressure and temperature conversion factors. 22 Annex E
15、(informative) Performance over wider ranges of application. 23 Annex F (informative) Subroutines in Fortran for the AGA8-92DC method. 28 Bibliography . 35 EN ISO 12213-2:2009 (E) DIN EN ISO 12213-2:2010-01 2.Foreword The text of ISO 12213-2:2006 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 193 “N
16、atural gas” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 12213-2:2009. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2010, and conflicting
17、national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document super
18、sedes EN ISO 12213-2:2005. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary
19、, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 12213-2:2006 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 12213-2:2009 without any modifi
20、cation. EN ISO 12213-2:2009 (E) DIN EN ISO 12213-2:2010-01 31 Scope ISO 12213 specifies methods for the calculation of compression factors of natural gases, natural gases containing a synthetic admixture and similar mixtures at conditions under which the mixture can exist only as a gas. This part of
21、 ISO 12213 specifies a method for the calculation of compression factors when the detailed composition of the gas by mole fractions is known, together with the relevant pressures and temperatures. The method is applicable to pipeline quality gases within the ranges of pressure p and temperature T at
22、 which transmission and distribution operations normally take place, with an uncertainty of about 0,1 %. It can be applied, with greater uncertainty, to wider ranges of gas composition, pressure and temperature (see Annex E). More detail concerning the scope and field of application of the method is
23、 given in ISO 12213-1. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO
24、 6976, Natural gas Calculation of calorific values, density, relative density and Wobbe index from composition ISO 12213-1, Natural gas Calculation of compression factor Part 1: Introduction and guidelines ISO 80000-4, Quantities and units Part 4: Mechanics ISO 80000-5, Quantities and units Part 5:
25、Thermodynamics 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12213-1 apply. EN ISO 12213-2:2009 (E) DIN EN ISO 12213-2:2010-01 44 Method of calculation 4.1 Principle The method recommended uses an equation based on the concept that pipeline quality
26、 natural gas may be uniquely characterized for calculation of its volumetric properties by component analysis. This analysis, together with the pressure and temperature, are used as input data for the method. The method uses a detailed molar-composition analysis in which all constituents present in
27、amounts exceeding a mole fraction of 0,000 05 should be represented. Typically, this includes all alkane hydrocarbons up to about C7or C8together with nitrogen, carbon dioxide and helium. For other gases, additional components such as water vapour, hydrogen sulfide and ethylene need to be taken into
28、 consideration (see Reference 1 in the Bibliography). For manufactured gases, hydrogen and carbon monoxide are also likely to be significant components. 4.2 The AGA8-92DC equation The compression factor is determined using the AGA8 detailed characterization equation (denoted hereafter as the AGA8-92
29、DC equation). This is an extended virial-type equation. The equation is described in AGA Report No. 81. It may be written as ( ) ( )18 5813 131exnn nkb knnn nnnZB Cbck c =+ + mr r r r*nnC (1) where Z is the compression factor; B is the second virial coefficient; mis the molar density (moles per unit
30、 volume); ris the reduced density; bn, cn, knare constants (see Table B.1); nCare coefficients which are functions of temperature and composition. The reduced density ris related to the molar density mby the equation 3K =rm(2) where K is a mixture size parameter. The molar density can be written as
31、( )p ZRT =m(3) where p is the absolute pressure; R is the universal gas constant; T is the absolute temperature. EN ISO 12213-2:2009 (E) DIN EN ISO 12213-2:2010-01 5Z is calculated as follows: first the values of B and nC(n = 13 to 58) are calculated, using relationships given in Annex B. Equations
32、(1) and (3) are then solved simultaneously for mand Z by a suitable numerical method (see Figure B.1). 4.3 Input variables The input variables required for use with the AGA8-92DC equation are the absolute pressure, absolute temperature and molar composition. The composition is required, by mole frac
33、tion, of the following components: nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, methane, ethane, propane, n-butane, methyl-2-propane (iso-butane), n-pentane, methyl-2-butane (iso-pentane), hexanes, heptanes, octanes, nonanes, decanes, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, helium, oxygen and water. NOTE I
34、f the mole fractions of the heptanes, octanes, nonanes and decanes are unknown, then use of a composite C6+fraction may be acceptable. The user should carry out a sensitivity analysis in order to test whether a particular approximation of this type degrades the result. All components with mole fract
35、ions greater than 0,000 05 shall be accounted for. Trace components (such as ethylene) shall be treated as given in Table 1. If the composition is known by volume fractions, these shall be converted to mole fractions using the method given in ISO 6976. The sum of all mole fractions shall be unity to
36、 within 0,000 1. 4.4 Ranges of application 4.4.1 Pipeline quality gas The ranges of application for pipeline quality gas are as defined below: absolute pressure 0 MPa u p u 12 MPa temperature 263 K u T u 338 K superior calorific value 30 MJm3u HSu 45 MJm3relative density 0,55 u d u 0,80 The mole fra
37、ctions of the natural-gas components shall be within the following ranges: methane 0,7 u xCH4u 1,00 nitrogen 0 u xN2u 0,20 carbon dioxide 0 u xCO2u 0,20 ethane 0 u xC2H6u 0,10 propane u xC3H8u 0,035 butanes 0 u xC4H10u 0,015 pentanes u xC5H12u 0,005 hexanes 0 u xC6u 0,001 heptanes u xC7u 0,000 5 EN
38、ISO 12213-2:2009 (E) DIN EN ISO 12213-2:2010-01 6octanes plus higher hydrocarbons 0 u xC8+u 0,000 5 hydrogen 0 u xH2u 0,10 carbon monoxide 0 u xCOu 0,03 helium 0 u xHeu 0,005 water u xH2Ou 0,000 15 Any component for which xiis less than 0,000 05 can be neglected. Minor and trace components are liste
39、d in Table 1. Table 1 Minor and trace components Minor and trace component Assigned component Oxygen Oxygen Argon, neon, krypton, xenon Argon Hydrogen sulfide Hydrogen sufide Nitrous oxide Carbon dioxide Ammonia Methane Ethylene, acetylene, methanol (methyl alcohol), hydrogen cyanide Ethane Propylen
40、e, propadiene, methanethiol (methyl mercaptan) Propane Butenes, butadienes, carbonyl sulfide (carbon oxysulfide), sulfur dioxide n-Butane Neo-pentane, pentenes, benzene, cyclopentane, carbon disulfide n-Pentane All C6isomers, cyclohexane, toluene, methylcyclopentane n-Hexane All C7isomers, ethylcycl
41、opentane, methylcyclohexane, cycloheptane, ethylbenzene, xylenes n-Heptane All C8isomers, ethylcyclohexane n-Octane All C9isomers n-Nonane All C10isomers and all higher hydrocarbons n-Decane The method applies only to mixtures in the single-phase gaseous state (above the dew point) at the conditions
42、 of temperature and pressure of interest. 4.4.2 Wider ranges of application The ranges of application tested beyond the limits given in 4.4.1 are: absolute pressure 0 MPa u p u 65 MPa temperature 225 K u T u 350 K relative density 0,55 u d u 0,90 superior calorific value 20 MJm3u HSu 48 MJm3EN ISO 1
43、2213-2:2009 (E) DIN EN ISO 12213-2:2010-01 7The allowable mole fractions of the major natural-gas components are: methane 0,50 u xCH4u 1,00 nitrogen 0 u xN2u 0,50 carbon dioxide 0 u xCO2u 0,30 ethane 0 u xC2H6u 0,20 propane 0 u xC3H8u 0,05 hydrogen 0 u xH2u 0,10 The limits for minor and trace gas co
44、mponents are as given in 4.4.1 for pipeline quality gas. For use of the method outside these ranges, see Annex E. 4.5 Uncertainty 4.5.1 Uncertainty for pipeline quality gas The uncertainty of results for use on all pipeline quality gas within the limits described in 4.4.1 is 0,1 % (for the temperatu
45、re range 263 K to 350 K and pressures up to 12 MPa) (see Figure 1). For temperatures above 290 K and at pressures up to 30 MPa the uncertainty of the result is also 0,1 %. For lower temperatures, the uncertainty of 0,1 % is at least maintained for pressures up to about 10 MPa. This uncertainty level
46、 has been determined by comparison with the GERG databank of measurements of the compression factor for natural gases2, 3. A detailed comparison was also made with the GRI pVT data on gravimetrically prepared simulated natural-gas mixtures 4, 5. The uncertainty of the measurements in both databanks
47、used to test the method is of the order of 0,1 %. 4.5.2 Uncertainty for wider ranges of application The estimated uncertainties for calculations of compression factors beyond the limits of quality given in 4.4.1 are discussed in Annex E. 4.5.3 Impact of uncertainties of input variables Listed in Tab
48、le 2 are typical values for the uncertainties of the relevant input variables. These values may be achieved under optimum operating conditions. As a general guideline only, an error propagation analysis using the uncertainties in the input variables produces an additional uncertainty of about 0,1 %
49、in the result at 6 MPa and within the temperature range 263 K to 338 K. Above 6 MPa, the additional uncertainties are greater and increase roughly in direct proportion to the pressure. EN ISO 12213-2:2009 (E) DIN EN ISO 12213-2:2010-01 8AGA8-DC92 equation Key p pressure T temperature 1 Z u 0,1 % 2 Z 0,1 % to 0,2 % 3 Z 0,2 % to 0,5 % NOTE The uncertainty limits given are expected to be valid for natural gases and similar gases with xN2u 0,20, xCO2u 0,20, xC2H6u 0,10 and x
