1、May 2013 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 7No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 11.
2、060.20!%#?“2009828www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 13078Dentistry Dental furnace Test method for temperature measurement with separate thermocouple(ISO 13078:2013);English version EN ISO 13078:2013,English translation of DIN EN ISO 13078:2013-05Zahnheilkunde Brennofen Prfverfahren fr die Temperaturmessung mit
3、separatem Thermoelement(ISO 13078:2013);Englische Fassung EN ISO 13078:2013,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 13078:2013-05Mdecine bucco-dentaire Four dentaire Mthode dessai pour le mesurage de la temprature au moyen dun thermocouple(ISO 13078:2013);Version anglaise EN ISO 13078:2013,Traduction an
4、glaise de DIN EN ISO 13078:2013-05SupersedesDIN 13905-1:2004-09www.beuth.deDocument comprises 10 pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.04.13 DIN EN ISO 13078:2013-05 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN ISO 13078
5、:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 106 “Dentistry” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 55 “Dentistry” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Dental (Dentistry Standards Committee), Working Committe
6、es NA 014-00-17 AA Metalle and NA 014-00-17-08 AK Keramik-/Metallkeramik-Systeme. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this standard are as follows: ISO 1942 DIN EN ISO 1942 ISO 6872 DIN EN ISO 6872 IEC 60584-1 DIN EN 60584-1 IEC 60584-2 DIN EN 60584-2 IEC 60
7、584-3 DIN EN 60584-3 Amendments This standard differs from DIN 13905-1:2004-09 as follows: a) the temperature range between 600 C and 1 000 C has been increased to 1 050 C; b) in addition to the previously specified temperature of 800 C, other test temperatures may also be used; c) normative referen
8、ces are now made to International Standards. Previous editions DIN 13905-1: 2004-09 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 1942, Dentistry Vocabulary DIN EN ISO 6872, Dentistry Ceramic materials DIN EN ISO 9693-1, Dentistry Compatibility testing Part 1: Metal-ceramic systems DIN EN
9、ISO 22112, Dentistry Artificial teeth for dental prostheses DIN EN 60584-1, Thermocouples Part 1: Reference tables DIN EN 60584-2, Thermocouples Part 2: Tolerances DIN EN 60584-3, Thermocouples Part 3: Extension and compensating cables Tolerances and identification system EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUR
10、OPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 13078 February 2013 ICS 11.060.20 English Version Dentistry - Dental furnace Test method for temperature measurement with separate thermocouple (ISO 13078:2013) Mdecine bucco-dentaire Four dentaire Mthode dessai pour le mesurage de la temprature au moyen dun thermocoupl
11、e (ISO 13078:2013) Zahnheilkunde Brennofen Prfverfahren fr die Temperaturmessung mit separatem Thermoelement (ISO 13078:2013) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 January 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for gi
12、ving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three of
13、ficial versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies
14、of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
15、, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN nati
16、onal Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 13078:2013: E Inhalt Seite Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Test method 5 4.1 Test equipment and test products .5 4.2 Procedure .6 4.2.1 Positioning of the thermocouple 6 4.2.2 Heating phase and stand-by temperat
17、ure .7 4.2.3 Test temperature 7 4.2.4 Holding time .7 4.2.5 Adjustment procedure 7 4.2.6 Verification .7 5 Test report 7 Bibliography 8 2DIN EN ISO 13078:2013-05 EN ISO 13078:2013 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 13078:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 106 Dentistry in collab
18、oration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 55 “Dentistry” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2013, and conflicting national standards shal
19、l be withdrawn at the latest by August 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Reg
20、ulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
21、Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 13078:2013 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 13078:2013 without any modification. “”DIN EN I
22、SO 13078:2013-05 EN ISO 13078:2013 (E) IntroductionDental furnaces are suitable for the manufacturing of metal-ceramic and all-ceramic restorations for use in dentistry. Dental furnaces are particularly used for firing or sintering, respectively, of dental opaques, dentine and enamel materials to th
23、e respective compatible substructure materials. Dental furnaces are also used for other applications such as oxidizing metallic substructures in preparation for porcelain firing, for melting pressable ceramics, for stain and glaze firing, etc. According to the current state of the art, the temperatu
24、re of this process lies between 600 C and 1 050 C.The firing result obtained is influenced by the accuracy of the actual temperature, which may be influenced by the different calibration processes applied by the manufacturers of dental furnaces as well as by the varying construction types of the den
25、tal furnaces currently on the market.Despite the fact that different dental furnaces can have identical digital external displays, different results regarding the degree of firing can be identified when processing the same ceramics under otherwise similar conditions.A different degree of firing does
26、 not only cause differences that can be judged directly by the human eye (e. g. colour and transparency), but also deviations that cannot be detected by eye. These are for instance the coefficient of thermal expansion, strength, and solubility of the dental opaque, dentine or enamel materials, and t
27、he bonding strength to its substructure. Such changes may result in clinical failures (e. g. fractures) as well as discoloration and changed aesthetics of the dental ceramic restoration.This International Standard levels the currently existing differences between the final calibration of the dental
28、furnaces based on the factory of origin through a final adjustment (that has to be carried out by all manufacturers in an identical way) of the temperature control in the firing chamber by means of a thermocouple at e.g. 800 C.Alternatively, the verification of the process can be carried out using t
29、he thermocouple at 700 C or 900 C.4DIN EN ISO 13078:2013-05 EN ISO 13078:2013 (E) 1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies a test method for the calibration of dental furnaces that are suitable for the heat treatment of silica-based dental ceramic restorations in the temperature range between 60
30、0 C and 1 050 C. This International Standard does not include furnaces intended to sinter zirconium oxide-frameworks (in the temperature range of 1 350C or higher).2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, o
31、nly the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 1942, Dentistry VocabularyISO 6872, Dentistry Ceramic materialsIEC 60584-1, Thermocouples Part 1: Reference tablesIEC 60584-2, Thermocouples Part 2: TolerancesI
32、EC 60584-3, Thermocouples Part 3: Extension and compensating cables Tolerances and identification system3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1942, ISO 6872 and IEC 60584-1 and the following apply.3.1dental furnacefurnace in the firing chamb
33、er in which dental materials are treated thermally (i.e. fired or sintered, oxidized)3.2heating raterate of temperature increaseNOTE The heating rate is expressed in degrees Celsius per minute (C/min).3.3holding timeperiod of time over which the desired temperature of the dental furnace is maintaine
34、d until the time prescribed by the manufacturer, starting when the display of the dental furnace shows that the set test temperature has been achieved and the furnace temperature has stabilized4 Test method4.1 Test equipment and test products4.1.1 Test fixture that positions the thermocouple in acco
35、rdance with Figure 1. An example is:1) type: honeycomb tray of cordierite; colour: light;2) thickness: (11 1) mm;3) diameter: (60 6) mm.NOTE Any firing tray capable of enabling a thermocouple positioning according to Figure 1 may be used.5DIN EN ISO 13078:2013-05 EN ISO 13078:2013 (E) 4.1.2 Dental f
36、urnace;4.1.3 Thermocouple with, for example, the following specifications:1) thermocouple platinum-10 % rhodium/platinum (Type S) in accordance with IEC 60584-1, with a tolerance of the thermoelectric voltage of class 1 in accordance with IEC 60584-2;2) diameter of the legs: 0,5 mm in accordance wit
37、h DIN 43732, Type C;3) diameter of the head: (1,5 0,5) mm.NOTE Any thermocouple appropriately calibrated and adjusted for the given temperature-range (up to 1 050 C) may be used.4.1.4 Compensating cable for the thermocouple with a tolerance of the compensating cable of class 2 in accordance with IEC
38、 60584-3. The cold junction voltage shall be compensated by the measuring device.4.1.5 Temperature indicating device, certified or calibrated to be accurate to 1,2 C between 400 C and 1 050 C (e. g. HP data logger or Ezecal)1).4.2 Procedure4.2.1 Positioning of the thermocoupleThe thermocouple is pla
39、ced in the firing chamber of the dental furnace centrally with the thermocouple head located at a height of (20 2) mm above the test fixture (see Figure 1). The distance between the thermocouple wires on the surface of the test fixture is (10 5) mm.The firing tray is fixed centrally in the firing ch
40、amber of the dental furnace.Dimensions in millimetresKey1 firing tray (honeycomb tray)2 thermocouple wiresFigure 1 Positioning of the thermocouple on the firing tray1) HP data logger and Ezecal are examples of suitable commercially available products. This information is given for the convenience of
41、 the users of this standard only and does not constitute an endorsement of these products by ISO.6DIN EN ISO 13078:2013-05 EN ISO 13078:2013 (E) 4.2.2 Heating phase and stand-by temperaturePrior to starting the adjustment, ensure that the dental furnace is operable.NOTE For this purpose, generally,
42、at the beginning the dental furnace is heated up in accordance with the manufacturers information (this takes place partly automatically) and cooled down to stand-by temperature (e. g. 500 C). It may be necessary to repeat this cycle several times.The heating rate during the heating phase is 60 C/mi
43、n ( 5 C). Regular atmosphere is required (no reduced pressure or vacuum).4.2.3 Test temperatureThe equipment shall be brought to the test temperature: e.g. 800 C.4.2.4 Holding timeThe holding time starts when the display of the dental furnace shows that the set test temperature has been achieved and
44、 the furnace temperature has stabilized; the holding time is 1 min.4.2.5 Adjustment procedureAt the end of the holding time, the temperature value determined by the external thermocouple is read off and recorded and (if required) the set point temperature of the dental furnace is adjusted to achieve
45、 the test temperature.4.2.6 VerificationThis adjustment procedure shall be repeated three times and the deviation between the readings of the furnace display and external thermocouple shall be recorded before every adjustment.5 Test reportThe test report shall contain the following information:a) mo
46、del of the dental furnace;b) serial number;c) test equipment;d) protocols including a nominal/actual value comparison at the test temperature as well as the documentation of the relevant measures (adjustment);e) the deviation measured in the verification measurement according to 4.2.6;f) any paramet
47、ers specified in this International Standard (heating rate, requirements for the measuring apparatus, type of the thermocouple used, etc.) should be part of the pre-printed form of the test protocol;g) date of test;h) name of testing laboratory or test technician identifier when conducting calibrati
48、on as part of the quality control process.7DIN EN ISO 13078:2013-05 EN ISO 13078:2013 (E) Bibliography1 ISO 9693-1, Dentistry Compatibility testing Part 1: Metal-ceramic systems2)2 ISO 22112, Dentistry Artificial teeth for dental prostheses3 DIN 43732, Measurement and control Electrical temperature sensors Thermocouples for thermocouple thermometers2) Replaces ISO 9693:1999.8DIN EN ISO 13078:2013-05 EN ISO 13078:2013 (E)
