1、May 2013 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 22No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 25
2、.160.40!%$*z“2010787www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 17636-2Non-destructive testing of welds Radiographic testing Part 2: X- and gamma-ray techniques with digital detectors(ISO 17636-2:2013);English version EN ISO 17636-2:2013,English translation of DIN EN ISO 17636-2:2013-05Zerstrungsfreie Prfung von Schweive
3、rbindungen Durchstrahlungsprfung Teil 2: Rntgen- und Gammastrahlungstechniken mit digitalen Detektoren(ISO 17636-2:2013);Englische Fassung EN ISO 17636-2:2013,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 17636-2:2013-05Contrle non destructif des assemblages souds Contrle par radiographie Partie 2: Techniques
4、 par rayons X ou gamma laide de dtecteurs numriques(ISO 17636-2:2013);Version anglaise EN ISO 17636-2:2013,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 17636-2:2013-05Together with supersedesDIN EN 1435:2002-09 andDIN EN 1435 Corrigendum 1:2004-05www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall
5、 be considered authoritative.DIN EN ISO 17636-1:2013-05,Document comprises 60 pages04.13 DIN EN ISO 17636-2:2013-05 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN ISO 17636-2:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 121 “Welding” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany)
6、 in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 44 “Welding and allied processes”. The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Materialprfung (Materials Testing Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 062-08-22 AA Durchstrahlungsprfung und Strahlenschutz. The
7、 DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 9712 DIN EN ISO 9712 ISO 16371-1 DIN EN 14784-1 ISO 17636-1 DIN EN ISO 17636-1 ISO 19232-1 DIN EN ISO 19232-1 ISO 19232-2 DIN EN ISO 19232-2 ISO 19232-4 DIN EN ISO 19232-4 ISO 19232-5 DIN EN
8、ISO 19232-5 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 1435:2002-09 and DIN EN 1435 Corrigendum 1:2004-05 as follows: a) normative references have been updated; b) the document has been divided into two parts, this part applying to radiographic testing with digital detectors; c) X-ray devices up t
9、o 1 000 kV have been included; d) Annex C (normative) “Determination of basic spatial resolution” has been included; e) Annex D (normative) “Determination of minimum grey values for CR practice” has been included; f) Annex E (informative) “Grey values, general remarks” has been included; g) the stan
10、dard has been editorially revised. h) ISO Standards have been adopted as European Standards. Previous editions DIN 1914: 1935-08 DIN 54111: 1954x-08 DIN 54111-1: 1973-11, 1977-03, 1988-05 DIN EN 1435: 1997-10, 2002-09 DIN EN 1435 Corrigendum 1: 2004-05 DIN EN ISO 17636-2:2013-05 3 National Annex NA
11、(informative) Bibliography DIN EN 14784-1, Non-destructive testing Industrial computed radiography with storage phosphor imaging plates Part 1: Classification of systems DIN EN ISO 9712, Non-destructive testing Qualification and certification of NDT personnel DIN EN ISO 17636-1, Non-destructive test
12、ing of welds Radiographic testing Part 1: X- and gamma-ray techniques with film DIN EN ISO 19232-1, Non-destructive testing Image quality of radiographs Part 1: Image quality indicators (wire type) Determination of image quality value DIN EN ISO 19232-2, Non-destructive testing Image quality of radi
13、ographs Part 2: Image quality indicators (step/hole type) Determination of image quality value DIN EN ISO 19232-4, Non-destructive testing Image quality of radiographs Part 4: Experimental evaluation of image quality values and image quality tables DIN EN ISO 19232-5, Non-destructive testing Image q
14、uality of radiographs Part 5: Image quality indicators (duplex wire type) Determination of image unsharpness value DIN EN ISO 17636-2:2013-05 4 This page is intentionally blank EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 17636-2 January 2013 ICS 25.160.40 Supersedes EN 1435:1997English
15、Version Non-destructive testing of welds - Radiographic testing - Part 2: X- and gamma-ray techniques with digital detectorsContrle non destructif des assemblages souds - Contrle par radiographie - Partie 2: Techniques par rayons X ou gamma l aide de dtecteurs numriquesZerstrungsfreie Prfung von Sch
16、weiverbindungen - Durchstrahlungsprfung - Teil 2: Rntgen- und Gammastrahlungstechniken mit digitalen DetektorenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 December 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this Euro
17、pean Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official version
18、s (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Be
19、lgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Swit
20、zerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members.
21、Ref. No. EN ISO 17636-2:2013: E(ISO 17636-2:2013) (ISO 17636-2:2013) (ISO 17636-2:2013) Contents Page Foreword . 3 Introduction . 4 1 Scope . 5 2 Normative references. 5 3 Terms and definitions 6 4 Symbols and terms 9 5 Classification of radiographic techniques. 10 6 General 11 6.1 Protection agains
22、t ionizing radiation . 11 6.2 Surface preparation and stage of manufacture 11 6.3 Location of the weld in the radiograph 12 6.4 Identification of radiographs . 12 6.5 Marking 12 6.6 Overlap of digital images 12 6.7 Types and positions of image quality indicators (IQI) . 12 6.8 Minimum image quality
23、values . 13 6.9 Personnel qualification 14 7 Recommended techniques for making digital radiographs 14 7.1 Test arrangements . 14 7.2 Choice of tube voltage and radiation source 20 7.3 Detector systems and metal screens . 22 7.4 Alignment of beam . 24 7.5 Reduction of scattered radiation 24 7.6 Sourc
24、e-to-object distance . 26 7.7 Geometric magnification technique . 29 7.8 Maximum area for a single exposure . 30 7.9 Processing 30 7.10 Monitor viewing conditions and storage of digital radiographs . 31 8 Examination report . 32 Annex A (normative) Recommended number of exposures which give an accep
25、table examination of a circumferential butt weld . 34 Annex B (normative) Minimum image quality values 39 Annex C (normative) Determination of basic spatial resolution . 45 Annex D (normative) Determination of minimum grey values for CR practice . 49 Annex E (informative) Grey values, general remark
26、s . 54 Bibliography 56 2DIN EN ISO 17636-2:2013-05 EN ISO 17636-2:2013 (E) Foreword This document (EN ISO 17636-2:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 121 “Welding” the secretariat of which is held by DIN, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 44 Welding and allied proces
27、ses . This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some o
28、f the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1435:1997. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the f
29、ollowing countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherland
30、s, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. “”3DIN EN ISO 17636-2:2013-05 EN ISO 17636-2:2013 (E) Introduction This International Standard specifies fundamental techniques of radiography with the object of enabling satisfactory
31、 and repeatable results to be obtained economically. The techniques are based on generally recognized practice and fundamental theory of the subject, inspection of fusion welded joints with digital radiographic detectors. Digital detectors provide a digital grey value image which can be viewed and e
32、valuated with a computer only. The practice describes the recommended procedure for detector selection and radiographic practice. Selection of computer, software, monitor, printer and viewing conditions are important but are not the main focus of this part of ISO 17636. The procedure specified in th
33、is part of ISO 17636 provides the minimum requirements and practice which permits exposure and acquisition of digital radiographs with equivalent sensitivity for detection of imperfections as film radiography, specified in ISO 17636-1. 4DIN EN ISO 17636-2:2013-05 EN ISO 17636-2:2013 (E) 1 Scope This
34、 part of ISO 17636 specifies fundamental techniques of digital radiography with the object of enabling satisfactory and repeatable results to be obtained economically. The techniques are based on generally recognized practice and fundamental theory of the subject. This part of ISO 17636 applies to t
35、he digital radiographic examination of fusion welded joints in metallic materials. It applies to the joints of plates and pipes. Besides its conventional meaning, “pipe”, as used in this International Standard, covers other cylindrical bodies such as tubes, penstocks, boiler drums, and pressure vess
36、els. NOTE This part of ISO 17636 complies with EN 14784-2.6This part of ISO 17636 specifies the requirements for digital radiographic X- and gamma-ray testing by either computed radiography (CR) or radiography with digital detector arrays (DDA) of the welded joints of metallic plates and tubes for t
37、he detection of imperfections. Digital detectors provide a digital grey value (GV) image which can be viewed and evaluated using a computer. This part of ISO 17636 specifies the recommended procedure for detector selection and radiographic practice. Selection of computer, software, monitor, printer
38、and viewing conditions are important, but are not the main focus of this part of ISO 17636. The procedure specified in this part of ISO 17636 provides the minimum requirements for radiographic practice which permit exposure and acquisition of digital radiographs with equivalent sensitivity for detec
39、tion of imperfections as film radiography, as specified in ISO 17636-1. This part of ISO 17636 does not specify acceptance levels for any of the indications found on the digital radiographs. If contracting parties apply lower test criteria, it is possible that the quality achieved is significantly l
40、ower than when this part of ISO 17636 is strictly applied. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (in
41、cluding any amendments) applies. ISO 5576, Non-destructive testing Industrial X-ray and gamma-ray radiology Vocabulary ISO 9712, Non-destructive testing - Qualification and certification of NDT personnel ISO 16371-1:2011, Non-destructive testing - Industrial computed radiography with storage phospho
42、r imaging plates - Part 1: Classification of systems 5DIN EN ISO 17636-2:2013-05 EN ISO 17636-2:2013 (E) ISO 192321, Non-destructive testing - Image quality of radiographs - Part 1: Image quality indicators (wire type) Determination of image quality value ISO 192322, Non-destructive testing - Image
43、quality of radiographs - Part 2: Image quality indicators (step/hole type) Determination of image quality value ISO 192324, Non-destructive testing - Image quality of radiographs - Part 4: Experimental evaluation of image quality values and image quality tables ISO 192325, Non-destructive testing -
44、Image quality of radiographs - Part 5: Image quality indicators (duplex wire type) - Determination of image unsharpness value EN 12543 (all parts), Non-destructive testing - Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non-destructive testing EN 12679, Non-destructive testin
45、g - Determination of the size of industrial radiographic sources - Radiographic method 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5576 and the following apply. 3.1 computed radiography CR storage phosphor imaging plate system complete system com
46、prising a storage phosphor imaging plate (IP) and a corresponding read-out unit (scanner or reader), which converts the information from the IP into a digital image 3.2 storage phosphor imaging plate IP photostimulable luminescent material capable of storing a latent radiographic image of a material
47、 being examined and, upon stimulation by a source of red light of appropriate wavelength, generates luminescence proportional to radiation absorbed NOTE When performing computed radiography, an IP is used in lieu of a film. When establishing techniques related to source size or focal geometries, the
48、 IP is referred to as a detector, i.e. source-to-detector distance (SDD). 3.3 digital detector array system DDA system electronic device converting ionizing or penetrating radiation into a discrete array of analogue signals which are subsequently digitized and transferred to a computer for display a
49、s a digital image corresponding to the radiologic energy pattern imparted upon the input region of the device 3.4 structure noise of imaging plate structure noise of IP structure due to inhomogeneities in the sensitive layer (graininess) and surface of an imaging plate NOTE 1 After scanning of the exposed imaging plate, the inhomogeneities a
