1、October 2009DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 19No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 77.040.10!$ZW“1552952w
2、ww.din.deDDIN EN ISO 204Metallic materials Uniaxial creep testing in tension Method of test (ISO 204:2009)English version of DIN EN ISO 204:2009-10Metallische Werkstoffe Einachsiger Zeitstandversuch unter Zugbeanspruchung Prfverfahren (ISO 204:2009)Englische Fassung DIN EN ISO 204:2009-10SupersedesD
3、IN EN 10291:2001-01 andDIN EN 10291 Supplement1:2001-01www.beuth.deDocument comprises pages50 2 National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164 “Mechanical testing of metals” in collaboration with Technical Committee ECISS/TC 1 “Steel Mechanical testing” (Secretar
4、iat: AFNOR, France). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Materialprfung (Materials Testing Standards Committee), Technical Committee NA 062-01-43 AA Zeitstand- und Relaxationsprfung fr Metalle. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards
5、 referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 286-2 DIN ISO 286-2 ISO 783 DIN EN 10002-5 ISO 5725 (all parts) DIN ISO 5725 (all parts) ISO 6892-2 E DIN EN ISO 6892-2 ISO 7500-2 DIN EN ISO 7500-2 ISO 9513 DIN EN ISO 9513 IEC 60584-1 DIN EN 60584-1 IEC 60584-2 DIN EN 60584-2 Amendments This standa
6、rd differs from DIN EN 10291:2001-01 and DIN EN 10291 Supplement 1:2001-01 as follows: a) Annex C (normative) “Creep testing using test pieces with V or blunt circumferential notches” has been added. b) Annex D (previous Annex C: “Method of estimating the uncertainty of the measurement”) has been ex
7、tended to include specifications relating to the uncertainties in creep testing of a nickel-base alloy at 1 100 C. c) Annex E (informative) “Representation of results and graphical extrapolation” which includes the specifications of the former Supplement 1 to DIN EN 10291 has been added. Previous ed
8、itions DIN 50118: 1952-12, 1982-01 DIN 50119: 1958-12 DIN EN 10291: 2001-01 DIN EN 10291 Supplement 1: 2001-01 DIN EN ISO 204:2009-1 0 3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN 10002-5, Tensile testing of metallic materials Method of testing at elevated temperature DIN EN 60584-1, Thermo
9、couples Part 1: Reference tables DIN EN 60584-2, Thermocouples Part 2: Tolerances E DIN EN ISO 6892-2, Metallic materials Tensile testing Part 2: Method of testing at elevated temperature DIN EN ISO 7500-2, Metallic materials Verification of static uniaxial testing machines Part 2: Tension creep tes
10、ting machines Verification of the applied force DIN EN ISO 9513, Metallic materials Calibration of extensometers used in uniaxial testing DIN ISO 286-2, ISO system of limits and fits Tables of standard tolerance grades and limit deviations for holes and shafts DIN ISO 5725 (all parts), Accuracy (tru
11、eness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 1: General principles and definitions DIN EN ISO 204:2009-1 0 4 This page is intentionally blank DIN EN ISO 204:2009-1 0 EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 204June 2009ICS 77.040.10 Supersedes EN 10291:2000 English Versi
12、onMetallic materials - Uniaxial creep testing in tension - Method oftest (ISO 204:2009)Matriaux mtalliques - Essai de fluage uniaxial en traction- Mthode dessai (ISO 204:2009)Metallische Werkstoffe - Einachsiger Zeitstandversuchunter Zugbeanspruchung - Prfverfahren (ISO 204:2009)This European Standa
13、rd was approved by CEN on 27 May 2009.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such na
14、tionalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and n
15、otified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Ma
16、lta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploita
17、tion in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 204:2009: EContents Page EN ISO 204:2009 (E) DIN EN ISO 204:2009-1 0 Foreword .3 Introduction.4 1 Scope5 2 Normative references5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Symbols and designations.9 5 Principle .11 6 Appa
18、ratus.11 7 Test pieces .14 8 Test procedure.17 9 Determination of results .18 10 Test validity18 11 Accuracy of the results.19 12 Test report19 Annex A (informative) Information concerning different types of thermocouples 25 Annex B (informative) Information concerning methods of calibration of ther
19、mocouples 26 Annex C (normative) Creep testing using test pieces with V or blunt circumferential notches 27 Annex D (informative) Method of estimating the uncertainty of the measurement in accordance with the Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM) .30 Annex E (informative) Repre
20、sentation of results and graphical extrapolation 36 Bibliography44 2Foreword EN ISO 204:2009 (E) DIN EN ISO 204:2009-1 0 3This document (EN ISO 204:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164 “Mechanical testing of metals” in collaboration with Technical Committee ECISS/TC 1 “Steel Mec
21、hanical testing” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by De
22、cember 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 10291:2000. According to the CEN/CENELEC Inte
23、rnal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Ma
24、lta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 204:2009 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 204:2009 without any modification. Introduction EN ISO 204:2009 (E) DIN EN ISO 204:2009-1 0 4Th
25、is International Standard is an extensive revision of the first edition of ISO 204:1997 and incorporates many recommendations developed through the European Creep Collaborative Committee (ECCC). New annexes have been added concerning temperature measurement using thermocouples and their calibration,
26、 creep testing test pieces with circumferential Vee and blunt (Bridgman) notches, estimation of measurement uncertainty and methods of extrapolation of creep rupture life. NOTE Information is sought relating to the influence of off-axis loading or bending on the creep properties of various materials
27、. Consideration will be given at the next revision of this International Standard as to whether the maximum amount of bending should be specified and an appropriate calibration procedure be recommended. The decision will need to be based on the availability of quantitative data 39. 1 Scope This Inte
28、rnational Standard specifies the method for the uninterrupted and interrupted creep teststhe properties of metallic materials which can be determined from these tests, in particular the creep elongation and the time of creep rupture, at a specified temperature. The stress rupture test is also covere
29、d by this International Standard, as is the testing of notched test pieces. NOTE In stress rupture testing, elongation is not generally recorded during the test, only the time to failure under a given load, or to note that a predetermined time was exceeded under a given force. 2 Normative references
30、 The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 286-2, ISO system of limits and fits Part 2:
31、 Tables of standard tolerance grades and limit deviations for holes and shafts ISO 7831), Metallic materials Tensile testing at elevated temperature ISO 7500-2, Metallic materials Verification of static uniaxial testing machines Part 2: Tension creep testing machines Verification of the applied forc
32、e ISO 9513, Metallic materials Calibration of extensometers used in uniaxial testing 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. NOTE Several different gauge lengths and reference lengths are specified in this International Standard. These le
33、ngths reflect custom and practice used in different laboratories throughout the world. In some cases, the lengths are physically marked on the test piece as lines or ridges; in other cases, the length may be a virtual length based upon calculations to determine an appropriate length to be used for t
34、he determination of creep elongation. For some test pieces, Lr, Loand Leare the same length (see 3.1, 3.2 and 3.5). 1) To be revised by ISO 6892-2, Metallic materials Tensile testing Part 2: Method of test at elevated temperature. EN ISO 204:2009 (E) DIN EN ISO 204:2009-1 0 5EN ISO 204:2009 (E) DIN
35、EN ISO 204:2009-1 0 6 3.1 reference length Lrbase length used for the calculation of elongation NOTE A method to calculate this value is given in 7.5 for test pieces where the extensometer is attached to either ridges on the parallel length or to the shoulders of the test piece. 3.1.1 original refer
36、ence length Lroreference length determined at ambient temperature before the test NOTE In general, LroW 5D. 3.1.2 final reference length Lrureference length determined at ambient temperature after rupture, with the pieces carefully fitted back together with their axes in a straight line 3.2 original
37、 gauge length Lolength between gauge length marks on the test piece measured at ambient temperature before the test NOTE 1 In general, LoW 5D. NOTE 2 Lomay also be used for the calculation of elongation. 3.3 final gauge length after rupture Lulength between gauge length marks on the test piece measu
38、red after rupture, at ambient temperature, with the pieces carefully fitted back together with their axes in a straight line 3.4 parallel length Lclength of the parallel reduced section of the test piece 3.5 extensometer gauge length Ledistance between the measuring points of the extensometer NOTE I
39、n some cases, Le= Loand may also be used for the calculation of elongation. 3.6 original cross-sectional area Socross-sectional area of the parallel length as determined at ambient temperature prior to testing minimum cross-sectional area after rupture Suminimum cross-sectional area of the parallel
40、length as determined at ambient temperature after rupture, with the pieces carefully fitted back together with their axes in a straight line 3.8 initial stress oapplied force divided by the original cross-sectional area (So) of the test piece 3.9 elongation Lrincrease of the reference length (Lr) NO
41、TE See 6.2. 3.10 percentage elongation A elongation expressed as a percentage of the original reference length (Lro) NOTE 1 See Figure 1. NOTE 2 In the terms for elongation in 3.10 to 3.16, the symbol “ ” may replace “A”. However, when “ ” is used, the following conventions should apply: % is the pe
42、rcentage strain or elongation; is the absolute strain. 3.11 percentage initial plastic elongation Ainon-proportional increase of the original reference length (Lro) due to the application of the test force 3.12 percentage creep elongation Afincrease in reference length at time t (Lrt) at a specified
43、 temperature expressed as a percentage of the original reference length (Lro): rfro100tLAL= (1) NOTE 1 Afmay have the specified temperature (T ) in degrees Celsius (C) as superscript and the initial stress (o) in megapascals 2)and time t (in hours) as subscript. NOTE 2 By convention, the beginning o
44、f creep elongation measurement is the time at which the initial stress (o) is applied to the test piece (see Figure 1). NOTE 3 Suffix f originates from “fluage”, “creep” in French. 2) 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2. EN ISO 204:2009 (E) DIN EN ISO 204:2009-1 0 73.7 3.13 percentage plastic elongation Apnon-proportio
45、nal increase of the original reference length (Lro) at time t:non-proportional decrease of the original reference length (Lro) at time t due to unloading 3.15 percentage permanent elongation Apertotal increase of the original reference length (Lro) at time t determined after unloading: Aper= Ap Ak (
46、3) 3.16 percentage elongation after creep rupture Aupermanent increase of the original reference length (Lro) after rupture (Lru Lro) expressed as a percentage of the original reference length (Lro): ru rouro100LLAL= (4) NOTE Aumay have the specified temperature (T ) in degrees Celsius as superscrip
47、t and the initial stress (o) in megapascals as subscript. 3.17 percentage reduction of area after creep rupture Zumaximum change in cross-sectional area measured after rupture (So Su) expressed as a percentage of the original cross-sectional area (So): ouuo100SSZS= (5) NOTE Zumay have the specified
48、temperature (T ) in degrees Celsius as superscript and the initial stress (o) in megapascals as subscript. 3.18 creep elongation time tfxtime required for a strained test piece to obtain a specified percentage creep elongation (x) at the specified temperature (T ) and the initial stress (o) EXAMPLE
49、tf0,2. 3.19 plastic elongation time tpxtime required to obtain a specified percentage plastic elongation (x) at the specified temperature (T ) and the initial stress (o) EN ISO 204:2009 (E) DIN EN ISO 204:2009-1 0 8 Ap= Ai+ Af 3.14 percentage anelastic elongation Ak(2) 3.20 creep rupture time tutime to rupture for a test piece maintained at the specified temperature (T ) and the initial stress (o) NOTE The symbol tumay have as superscript the specified temperature (T ) in degrees Celsius a
