1、May 2009DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 11No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 83.100!$W_0“1526013www.din
2、.deDDIN EN ISO 2439Flexible cellular polymeric materials Determination of hardness (indentation technique) (ISO 2439:2008)English version of DIN EN ISO 2439:2009-05Weich-elastische polymere Schaumstoffe Bestimmung der Hrte (Eindruckverfahren) (ISO 2439:2008)Englische Fassung DIN EN ISO 2439:2009-05S
3、upersedesDIN EN ISO 2439:2001-02www.beuth.deDocument comprises 19 pagesDIN EN ISO 2439:2009-05 2 National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 45 “Rubber and rubber products”, Subcommittee SC 4 “Products (other than hoses)” (Secretariat: DSM, Malaysia) in collaborat
4、ion with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” (Secretariat: NBN, Belgium). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Materialprfung (Materials Testing Standards Committee), Technical Committee NA 062-04-37 AA Prfung weich-elastischer Schaumstoffe. In the or
5、iginal version of ISO 2439:2008, subclause 7.7.3.2, the definition “Area 0abe0 is the area under the curve 0ab (see Figure 1)” is wrong and has been corrected in this standard to read: “Area 0abe0 is the area contained within the hysteresis curve 0abe0 (see Figure 1)”. The DIN Standards correspondin
6、g to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 7500-1 DIN EN ISO 7500-1 ISO 23529 DIN ISO 23529 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN ISO 2439:2001-02 as follows: a) The scope has been extended to cover five methods. b) Figure 1 has been included to illustra
7、te the force-indentation curve. c) Two informative annexes have been included. Previous editions DIN 53576: 1963-05, 1976-01, 1984-01 DIN EN ISO 2439: 2001-02 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials Verification of static uniaxial testing machines Part 1: T
8、ension/compression testing machines Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system DIN ISO 23529, Rubber General procedures for preparing and conditioning test pieces for physical test methods EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 2439December 2008ICS 83.100 Supersedes EN
9、 ISO 2439:2000 English VersionFlexible cellular polymeric materials - Determination of hardness(indentation technique) (ISO 2439:2008)Matriaux polymres alvolaires souples - Dterminationde la duret (technique par indentation) (ISO 2439:2008)Weich-elastische polymere Schaumstoffe - Bestimmungder Hrte
10、(Eindruckverfahren) (ISO 2439:2008)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 November 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-
11、date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder th
12、e responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary
13、, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: Avenu
14、e Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 2439:2008: EContents Page 1 2 3 4 5 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 7 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Method B Determination of the 25 %-40 %-65 %/30 s indentation hardness 7.5 7.6
15、7.7 Method E Determination of the compressive deflection coefficient and hysteresis loss 8 9 EN ISO 2439:2008 (E) DIN EN ISO 2439:2009-05 2Scope . 4 Normative references . 4 Terms and definitions. 5 Principle. 5 Apparatus 5 Test pieces 6 Shape and dimensions. 6 Samples showing orientation 6 Conditio
16、ning 6 Procedure 6 General. 6 Preliminary indentation for Methods A, B and C. 7 Method A Determination of the 40 %/30 s indentation hardness index . 7 characteristics. 7 Method C Determination of the 40 % indentation hardness check. 8 Method D Determination of the 25 %/20 s low indentation hardness
17、index 8 rate 8 Annex B (informative) Precision of Method E . 15 Bibliography . 17 Annex A (informative) Test method parameters and typical graphs 11 Repeat tests. 10 Test report . 10 Foreword. 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 2439:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 45 “Rubber and
18、rubber products“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics“, the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2009, and conflictin
19、g national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supe
20、rsedes EN ISO 2439:2000. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
21、Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 2439:2008 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 2439:2008 without any modification.
22、EN ISO 2439:2008 (E) DIN EN ISO 2439:2009-05 3WARNING Persons using this International Standard should be familiar with normal laboratory practice. This International Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the use
23、r to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions. 1 Scope The indentation hardness of flexible cellular materials is a measure of their load-bearing properties. This International Standard specifies four methods (A to D) for the
24、determination of indentation hardness and one method (E) for determination of compressive deflection coefficient and hysteresis loss rate of flexible cellular materials. Annex A provides a summary of test parameters and typical force-indentation graphs obtained with these methods. These five methods
25、 are applicable only to latex foam, urethane foam and PVC foam of the open-cell type. The methods specified can be used for testing finished articles and for the characterization of bulk material. This International Standard specifies the following methods: a) Method A Determination of the 40 %/30 s
26、 indentation hardness index, which gives a single indentation measurement for laboratory test purposes; b) Method B Determination of the 25 %-40 %-65 %/30 s indentation hardness characteristics, which provides information about the shape of the hardness indentation curve; c) Method C Determination o
27、f the 40 % indentation hardness check, which is a quick procedure suitable for quality control testing; d) Method D Determination of the 25 %/20 s low indentation hardness index, which is a quick procedure suitable as an inspection test; e) Method E Determination of the compressive deflection coeffi
28、cient and hysteresis loss rate, which gives additional information about the load-bearing properties of materials. The results obtained by these methods relate only to the test conditions specified and cannot, in general, be used directly for design purposes. 2 Normative references The following ref
29、erenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 1382, Rubber Vocabulary EN ISO 2439:2008 (E) DIN EN ISO 2439:2
30、009-05 4ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials Verification of static uniaxial testing machines Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system ISO 23529, Rubber General procedures for preparing and conditioning test pieces for physical test methods 3
31、Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1382 and the following apply. 3.1 indentation hardness total force required to produce, under specified conditions, a specified indentation of a standard test piece NOTE Indentation hardness is expressed
32、in newtons. 3.2 compressive deflection coefficient Sfratio of the 65 % indentation force deflection to the 25 % indentation force deflection 3.3 hysteresis loss rate Afenergy difference between the loading and unloading of a test piece under cyclic deformation NOTE Hysteresis loss rate is expressed
33、as a percentage of the loading energy. 4 Principle The forces required to produce specified indentations under specified conditions are measured. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Test machine. The test machine shall be capable of indenting the test piece between a supporting surface (5.2) and an indentor (5.3) havin
34、g a uniform relative motion, in the vertical direction, of (100 20) mm/min. The test machine shall have means of measuring force in conformance with Class 1 of ISO 7500-1 or of measuring with a precision of 1 N, and of measuring the test piece thickness under load with a precision of 0,25 mm. The te
35、st machine for Method C and Method E shall have its force gauge fitted with a tell-tale needle and/or shall be equipped to make autographic load-indentation plots. The test machine shall also be capable of maintaining the specified degree of indentation with a precision of 0,25 mm for the specified
36、period. 5.2 Supporting surface. Unless otherwise specified, the test pieces shall be supported on a smooth, flat, horizontal and rigid surface larger than the test piece and suitably vented with holes approximately 6 mm in diameter and of approximately 20 mm pitch, to allow the escape of air from be
37、low the test piece. EN ISO 2439:2008 (E) DIN EN ISO 2439:2009-05 55.3 Indentor. The indentor shall be mounted preferably by a ball joint free from vertical movement, although other methods of mounting are permitted. The indentor shall be flat and circular, with a diameter of 30200+mm and a 0,501,0+m
38、m radius at the lower edge. The lower surface shall be smooth but not polished. 6 Test pieces 6.1 Shape and dimensions Material shall be cut to obtain a standard-size square of length of side 200380+mm, with a thickness of (50 2) mm. Sheets of less than this standard thickness shall be plied togethe
39、r to approximate as closely as possible to the standard thickness. Finished articles may be tested as agreed between purchaser and supplier. NOTE Results on plied material and on finished articles may not be the same as would be obtained with the standard test piece. 6.2 Samples showing orientation
40、If samples show orientation of the cellular structure, the direction in which the indentation is to be carried out shall be agreed between the interested parties. Normally, testing should be carried out in that direction in which the finished product will be stressed under service conditions. 6.3 Co
41、nditioning Material shall not be tested sooner than 72 h after manufacture, unless at either 16 h or 48 h after manufacture it can be demonstrated that the mean result does not differ by more than 10 % from that obtained after 72 h. Testing is permitted at either 16 h or 48 h if, at the specified ti
42、me, the above criterion has been satisfied. Prior to the test, the test pieces shall be conditioned, undeflected and undistorted, for at least 16 h in one of the following atmospheres, as given in ISO 23529. (23 2) C, (50 5) % relative humidity; (27 2) C, (65 5) % relative humidity. This conditionin
43、g period can form the latter part of the period following manufacture. In case of quality control tests, test pieces may be sampled at 12 h after manufacture or later, and testing is permitted after conditioning for at least 6 h in one of the specified atmospheres. 7 Procedure 7.1 General Carry out
44、the test immediately after conditioning, preferably under the same atmospheric conditions as specified in 6.3. NOTE See Annex A for assistance in understanding each test method. EN ISO 2439:2008 (E) DIN EN ISO 2439:2009-05 6Position the test piece on the supporting surface so that the centre of the
45、test piece, or other agreed test area, is located below the centre of the indentor. Test pieces having cavities on one side shall be placed with the cavity side next to the supporting surface. If a test piece has cavities, the acceptable characteristics of the cavities, such as quantity, dimensions
46、and location in the test piece, should be agreed between purchaser and supplier. 7.2 Preliminary indentation for Methods A, B and C a) Apply a force of 025N to the selected test area and measure the thickness of the test piece. This value is the point of zero indentation. b) Indent the test piece at
47、 an indentor rate of (100 20) mm/min, to produce an indentation of (70 2,5) % of the thickness. After reaching this deflection, release the load at the same rate. c) Repeat this loading and unloading twice more, then proceed with 7.3, 7.4 or 7.5 as appropriate. 7.3 Method A Determination of the 40 %
48、/30 s indentation hardness index Immediately after the third unloading see 7.2 c), indent the test piece by (40 1) % of its thickness. Maintain this deflection for a period of (30 1) s, note the corresponding force, in newtons, and release the force. Only the result of a test conducted by Method A,
49、on a standard-size test piece without plying, shall be known as the indentation hardness index. 7.4 Method B Determination of the 25 %-40 %-65 %/30 s indentation hardness characteristics Immediately after the third unloading see 7.2 c), carry out the following operations: a) indent the test piece by (25 1) % of the thickness; b) maintain this indentation for a period of (30 1) s; c) measure the force required; d) increase the indentation to (40 1) % of the thickness; e) maintain
