1、April 2011 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 18No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS
2、75.160.20!$nb*“1756307www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 3405Petroleum products Determination of distillation characteristics at atmospheric pressure(ISO 3405:2011)English translation of DIN EN ISO 3405:2011-04Minerallerzeugnisse Bestimmung des Destillationsverlaufes bei Atmosphrendruck (ISO 3405:2011)Englische
3、bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 3405:2011-04Produits ptroliers Dtermination des caractristiques de distillation pression atmosphrique(ISO 3405:2011)Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 3405:2011-04SupersedesDIN EN ISO 3405:2001-08www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered
4、authoritative.03.11Document comprises 45 pagesDIN EN ISO 3405:2011-04 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28 “Petroleum products and lubricants” (Secretariat: ANSI, USA) in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/T
5、C 19 “Gaseous and liquid fuels, lubricants and related products of petroleum, synthetic and biological origin” (Secretariat: NEN, Netherlands). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Materialprfung (Materials Testing Standards Committee), Working Committee NA
6、 062-06-81 AA Spiegelausschuss zu CEN/TC 19 Gasfrmige und flssige Kraft- und Brennstoffe, Schmierstoffe und verwandte Produkte mit minerallstmmiger, synthetischer oder biologischer Herkunft of the Fachausschuss Minerall- und Brennstoffnormung. The distillation characteristics (volatility) of hydroca
7、rbons are extremely significant in terms of safety and usability, above all for fuels and solvents. The distillation characteristics provide important information regarding composition and behaviour during storage and use, and the evaporation rate is an essential factor for the use of many solvents.
8、 In most requirements for petroleum-based distillates, maxima or minima are specified for the distillation characteristics, in order to monitor final usability and to limit the formation of vapours which could form explosive mixtures with the air or which could be released into the atmosphere as VOC
9、s (volatile organic compounds). The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 3170 DIN EN ISO 3170 ISO 3171 DIN EN ISO 3171 ISO 4259 DIN EN ISO 4259 ISO 4788 DIN EN ISO 4788 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN ISO 3405:2001-0
10、8 as follows: a) the scope of the standard has been extended and rendered more precise, including, for example, specifications relating to petrol E10 and diesel B20; b) the standard has been aligned with ASTM D86; c) normative references have been updated. Previous editions DIN 51752: 1955-04, 1959-
11、08 DIN 51751: 1955-02, 1959-08, 1964x-02, 1978-05, 1996-02 DIN EN ISO 3405: 2001-08 2 DIN EN ISO 3405:2011-04 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids Manual sampling DIN EN ISO 3171, Petroleum liquids Automatic pipeline sampling DIN EN ISO 4259, Petroleum prod
12、ucts Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test DIN EN ISO 4788, Laboratory glassware Graduated measuring cylinders 3 DIN EN ISO 3405:2011-04 4 This page is intentionally blank EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 3405 January 2011 ICS 75.080 S
13、upersedes EN ISO 3405:2000English Version Petroleum products - Determination of distillation characteristics at atmospheric pressure (ISO 3405:2011) Produits ptroliers - Dtermination des caractristiques de distillation pression atmosphrique (ISO 3405:2011) Minerallerzeugnisse - Bestimmung des Destil
14、lationsverlaufes bei Atmosphrendruck This European Standard was approved by CEN on 31 December 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up
15、-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by trans
16、lation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finlan
17、d, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOM
18、ITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 3405:2011: E(ISO 3405:2011) Contents Page Foreword .4 Introduction.5 1 Scope6 2 Normative references6 3 T
19、erms and definitions .6 4 Principle .8 5 Apparatus.8 5.1 General .8 5.2 Distillation flasks.9 5.3 Condenser tube and cooling bath .9 5.4 Metal shield or enclosure for flask (manual apparatus only) .13 5.5 Heat source 13 5.6 Flask support .13 5.7 Graduated cylinders13 5.8 Temperature measurement syst
20、em.14 5.9 Centring device15 5.10 Barometer.15 6 Samples and sampling16 6.1 Sample grouping .16 6.2 Sample maintenance prior to testing 17 6.3 Removing water from sample 18 7 Preparation of apparatus18 8 Apparatus verification.20 8.1 Level follower.20 8.2 Electronic temperature-measurement devices 20
21、 8.3 Electronic pressure-measuring device .21 9 Procedure Manual apparatus 21 10 Procedure Automated apparatus23 11 Calculations .25 12 Expression of results27 13 Precision Manual apparatus 28 13.1 General .28 13.2 Repeatability 29 13.3 Reproducibility 29 14 Precision Automated apparatus30 14.1 Gene
22、ral .30 14.2 Repeatability 30 14.3 Reproducibility 30 14.4 Bias .31 15 Test report31 Annex A (normative) Thermometer specifications .32 Annex B (normative) Determination of temperature-sensor lag times .33 Annex C (normative) Determination of specified distillation data. 2DIN EN ISO 3405:2011-04 EN
23、ISO 3405:2011 (E) 34Annex D (informative) Examples of data calculations 36 Annex E (informative) Emulation of emergent-stem errors . 39 Annex F (informative) Examples of test reports . 4 3DIN EN ISO 3405:2011-04 EN ISO 3405:2011 (E) 01) ASTM D86, Standard Method for Distillation of Petroleum Product
24、s at Atmospheric Pressure. 4DIN EN ISO 3405:2011-04 EN ISO 3405:2011 (E) Foreword This document (EN ISO 3405:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28 Petroleum products and lubricants” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Gaseous and liquid fuels, lubricants and relat
25、ed products of petroleum, synthetic and biological origin” the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2011, and conflicting national standards sh
26、all be withdrawn at the latest by July 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 3405:2000
27、. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Irela
28、nd, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 3405:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 3405:2011 without any modification. Introduction T
29、he distillation (volatility) characteristics of hydrocarbons have an important effect on their safety and performance, especially in the case of fuels and solvents. The boiling range gives important information on composition and behaviour during storage and use, and the rate of evaporation is an im
30、portant factor in the application of many solvents. Limiting values to specified distillation characteristics are applied to most distillate petroleum product specifications in order to control end-use performance and to regulate the formation of vapours which may form explosive mixtures with air or
31、 otherwise escape into the atmosphere as emissions (volatile organic compounds or VOCs). 5DIN EN ISO 3405:2011-04 EN ISO 3405:2011 (E) WARNING The use of this International Standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This International Standard does not purport to address all
32、 of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this International Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a laborat
33、ory test method, utilizing either manual or automated equipment, for determining the distillation characteristics of light and middle distillates derived from petroleum and having initial boiling points above 0 C and end points below approximately 400 C. Light distillates are typically automotive en
34、gine petrols, automotive engine petrols with up to 10 % (V/V) ethanol and aviation petrols. Middle distillates are aviation turbine fuels, kerosenes, diesel, diesel with up to 20 % (V/V) FAME (fatty acid methylesters), burner fuels and marine fuels that have no appreciable quantities of residua. NOT
35、E For the purposes of this International Standard, “% (V/V)” is used to represent the volume fraction of a material. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated ref
36、erences, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 918, Volatile organic liquids for industrial use Determination of distillation characteristics ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids Manual sampling ISO 3171, Petroleum liquids Automatic pipeline sampling ISO 4259,
37、Petroleum products Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test ISO 4788:2005, Laboratory glassware Graduated measuring cylinders 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 decomposition point thermomete
38、r reading (corrected) which coincides with the first indications of thermal decomposition of the liquid in the flask NOTE Characteristic indications of thermal decomposition are an evolution of fumes and erratic thermometer readings which usually show a decided decrease after any attempt has been ma
39、de to adjust the heat. 6DIN EN ISO 3405:2011-04 EN ISO 3405:2011 (E) 3.2 dry point thermometer reading (corrected) that is observed at the instant the last drop of liquid evaporates from the lowest point in the flask, any drops or film of liquid on the side of the flask or on the thermometer being d
40、isregarded NOTE The end point (final boiling point), rather than the dry point, is intended for general use. The dry point can be reported in connection with special purpose naphthas, such as those used in the paint industry. It is substituted for the end point (final boiling point) whenever the sam
41、ple is of such a nature that the precision of the end point cannot consistently meet the precision requirements given in Clause 13 or 14. 3.3 end point final boiling point maximum thermometer reading (corrected) obtained during the test NOTE This usually occurs after evaporation of all liquid from t
42、he bottom of the flask. 3.4 initial boiling point thermometer reading (corrected) that is observed at the instant the first drop of condensate falls from the lower end of the condenser tube 3.5 percent evaporated sum of the percent recovered and the percent loss 3.6 percent loss front-end loss amoun
43、t of uncondensed material lost in the initial stages of the distillation, equal to 100 % minus the total recovery 3.7 corrected loss percent loss corrected for barometric pressure 3.8 percent recovered volume of condensate observed in the receiving cylinder at any point in the distillation in connec
44、tion with a simultaneous temperature reading NOTE It is expressed as a percentage of the charge volume. 3.9 percent recovery maximum percent recovered, as observed in accordance with this International Standard NOTE See 9.10. 3.10 percent residue volume of residue measured in accordance with this In
45、ternational Standard NOTE 1 See 9.11. NOTE 2 It is expressed as a percentage of the charge volume. 7DIN EN ISO 3405:2011-04 EN ISO 3405:2011 (E) 3.11 percent total recovery combined percent recovery and residue in the flask, as determined in accordance with this International Standard NOTE See 10.1.
46、 3.12 thermometer reading temperature recorded by the sensor of the saturated vapour, measured in the neck of the flask below the vapour tube and under the specified conditions of this test 3.13 temperature reading thermometer reading or other temperature measurement device reading which is correcte
47、d to 101,3 kPa barometric pressure 3.14 emergent-stem effect offset in temperature reading caused by the use of a total immersion mercury-in-glass thermometer in the partial immersion mode NOTE The emergent part of the mercury column is at a lower temperature than the immersed portion, resulting in
48、a lower temperature reading than that obtained with the thermometer completely immersed for calibration. 3.15 temperature lag offset in temperature reading between a mercury-in-glass thermometer and an electronic temperature-measurement device, caused by the different response times of the systems i
49、nvolved 4 Principle The sample is assigned to one of four groups, based on its composition and expected volatility characteristics, with each group defining the apparatus arrangement, condenser temperature and operational variables. A 100 ml test portion is distilled under the specified conditions appropriate to the group into which the sample falls, and systematic observations of thermometer readings and volumes of condensate recovered are made. The volume of the residue in the flask is measured, and the loss on distil
