1、October 2012 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 16No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).IC
2、S 55.180.20!$D“1919733www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 8611-1Pallets for materials handling Flat pallets Part 1: Test methods (ISO 8611-1:2011);English version EN ISO 8611-1:2012,English translation of DIN EN ISO 8611-1:2012-10Paletten fr den Gtertransport Flachpaletten Teil 1: Prfverfahren (ISO 8611-1:2011);E
3、nglische Fassung EN ISO 8611-1:2012,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 8611-1:2012-10Palettes pour la manutention Palettes plates Partie 1: Mthodes dessai (ISO 8611-1:2011);Version anglaise EN ISO 8611-1:2012,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 8611-1:2012-10SupersedesDIN EN ISO 8611-1:2004-05 andDIN
4、 15158-1:2005-06www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Dokument comprises 38 pages 10.12 DIN EN ISO 8611-1:2012-10 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 51 “Pallet
5、s for unit load methods of materials handling” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 261 “Packaging” (Secretariat: AFNOR, France). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Verpackungswesen (Packaging Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 115-03-
6、07 AA Paletten. Note to the German version of this standard: in DIN EN ISO 445, the term “maximum working load” has been translated into German as maximale Betriebslast and in this document as maximale Nutzlast; in DIN EN ISO 445, the term “racking” has been translated into German as Hochlagern and
7、in this document as Regallagerung; in the Introduction, the expression “cannot exceed” has been translated by darf nicht berschreiten (instead of kann nicht berschreiten). The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 445 DIN EN ISO 4
8、45 ISO 2244 DIN EN ISO 2244 ISO 8611-2 DIN EN ISO 8611-2 ISO 12777-1 DIN EN ISO 12777-1 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN ISO 8611-1:2004-05 and DIN 15158-1:2005-06 as follows: a) as compared with DIN EN ISO 8611-1:2004-05: 1) the tests have been adapted to the state of the art; 2) the te
9、sts have been divided up and adapted to the pellet material; 3) Annex ZA has been deleted; 4) Figures 1 to 16 have been updated; 5) the standard has been editorially revised; b) as compared with DIN 15158-1:2005-06: 1) Table 2 has been deleted without replacement; 2) Annexes A and B (both normative)
10、 have been deleted without replacement. Previous editions DIN 15141-2: 1990-04 DIN EN ISO 8611-1: 2004-05 DIN 15158-1: 2005-06 DIN EN ISO 8611-1:2012-10 3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 445, Pallets for materials handling Vocabulary DIN EN ISO 2244, Packaging Complete, fille
11、d transport packages and unit loads Horizontal impact tests DIN EN ISO 8611-2, Pallets for materials handling Flat pallets Part 2: Performance requirements and selection of tests DIN EN ISO 12777-1, Methods of test for pallet joints Part 1: Determination of bending resistance of pallet nails, other
12、dowel-type fasteners and staples DIN EN ISO 8611-1:2012-10 4 This page is intentionally blank EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 8611-1 August 2012 ICS 55.180.20 Supersedes EN ISO 8611-1:2004English Version Pallets for materials handling - Flat pallets - Part 1: Test methods (I
13、SO 8611-1:2011) Palettes pour la manutention - Palettes plates - Partie 1: Mthodes dessai (ISO 8611-1:2011) Paletten fr den Gtertransport - Flachpaletten - Teil 1: Prfverfahren (ISO 8611-1:2011) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 July 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/
14、CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Cent
15、re or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the
16、 official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherl
17、ands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploit
18、ation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 8611-1:2012: EContents Page Foreword . 3 Introduction . 4 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions . 7 4 Measurements . 8 5 Precision and accuracy of tests and apparatus . 9 6 Test load
19、. 9 7 List of tests 9 8 Tests . 9 8.1 Test 1 Bending tests . 9 8.2 Test 2 Forklifting tests 12 8.3 Test 3 Compression tests for blocks or stringers . 14 8.4 Test 4 Stacking test 16 8.5 Test 5 Bottom deck bending tests 17 8.6 Test 6 Wing pallet bending tests . 19 8.7 Test 7 Airbag bending tests . 21
20、8.8 Test 8 Static shear test . 23 8.9 Test 9 Corner drop test 24 8.10 Test 10 Shear impact tests 25 8.11 Test 11 Top deck edge impact test . 27 8.12 Test 12 Block impact test . 29 8.13 Test 13 Static coefficient of friction test . 31 8.14 Test 14 Slip angle test 31 9 Test report 32 9.1 General infor
21、mation All materials . 32 9.2 Information for wooden and wood-based composite pallets . 33 9.3 Information for plastics pallets 33 9.4 Information for pallets made of other materials . 33 Bibliography 34 EN ISO 8611-1:2012 (E) 2 DIN EN ISO 8611-1:2012-10 EN ISO 8611-1:2012 (E) Foreword The text of I
22、SO 8611-1:2011 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 51 “Pallets for unit load methods of materials handling” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 8611-1:2012 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 261 “Packaging” the secretariat of which is
23、held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2013. Attention is drawn to the possib
24、ility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 8611-1:2004. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards
25、 organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxemb
26、ourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 8611-1:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 8611-1:2012 without any modification. 3 DIN EN ISO 8611-1:2012-10 Introducti
27、on The forces to which pallets are exposed during use vary significantly. The test procedures described in this part of ISO 8611 are approximate simulations of pallet use. These tests help the pallet designer to establish an initial acceptable balance between the cost and the performance of a pallet
28、 design. It is intended that all results of tests performed using this protocol be confirmed and verified using field trials before publication of performance or the commercial implementation of a new pallet design. The nominal load, determined according to this test protocol, does not represent a p
29、ayload and cannot be verified using field trials. The nominal load is a minimum payload level for use in determining maximum working load according to the procedures in ISO 8611-3. The maximum working load can be verified for a specified payload and intended use, using field trials. It is intended t
30、hat the publication of the maximum working load include a description of the payload and the intended modes of use of the pallet. It is essential to exercise care when comparing the results of tests with historic experience using existing pallet designs. User expectations of pallet performance vary.
31、 Some require greater and some accept lower levels of performance. Users are accepting different levels of risk when using pallets. Because of the varied performance expectations of pallet users, the results of tests might not always reflect the users perception of pallet performance in use. The nom
32、inal load might not reflect users perception of pallet performance because the nominal load does not represent a payload. It is intended that maximum working loads be used to compare with the historic performance of existing pallet designs. Regarding the use of the ISO 8611 series, this part of ISO
33、8611 describes the test methods, ISO 8611-2 describes the performance requirements and selection of tests, and ISO 8611-3 describes tests for determining maximum working loads for known payloads. This part of ISO 8611 and ISO 8611-2 are required for determining nominal load. The nominal load is the
34、lowest safe load value for the specified support conditions, independent of the type of load (excluding concentrated loads). This part of ISO 8611, ISO 8611-2 and ISO 8611-3 are required for determining maximum working loads for known payloads. The nominal load for the intended use is established by
35、 the selection of tests in this part of ISO 8611 and the performance requirement is established from criteria in ISO 8611-2. The following three types of intended use with specified support conditions are defined: handling of loaded pallets with racking and stacking; handling of loaded pallets witho
36、ut racking; handling of loaded pallets without racking or stacking. To determine the maximum working load through testing given in ISO 8611-3, the deflection under the known payload cannot exceed the limiting deflection (see 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4 of ISO 8611-3:2011) established in this part of ISO 8611 a
37、nd ISO 8611-2. The maximum working load is the greatest payload that a pallet can be permitted to carry in a specific loading and support condition. EN ISO 8611-1:2012 (E) 4 DIN EN ISO 8611-1:2012-10 Guidance is given in Annex A of ISO 8611-3:2011 as to the general effect on performance of different
38、 load types and stabilization methods. These can only give guidance as to the likely result from tests with the known payload. Other tests for durability evaluation are specified in this part of ISO 8611. EN ISO 8611-1:2012 (E) 5 DIN EN ISO 8611-1:2012-10 1 Scope This part of ISO 8611 specifies the
39、test methods available for evaluating new flat pallets for materials handling. The test methods are split into groups for: nominal load testing; maximum working load testing; durability comparison testing. It is not intended to apply to pallets with a fixed superstructure or a rigid, self-supporting
40、 container that can be mechanically attached to the pallet and which contributes to the strength of the pallet. NOTE Specific tests for determining load capacity do not replace the value of conducting field tests on specific pallet designs. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents a
41、re indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 445, Pallets for materials handling Vocabulary ISO 2244, Packaging Complete, fill
42、ed transport packages and unit loads Horizontal impact tests ISO 8611-2, Pallets for materials handling Flat pallets Part 2: Performance requirements and selection of tests ISO 12777-1, Methods of test for pallet joints Part 1: Determination of bending resistance of pallet nails, other dowel-type fa
43、steners and staples EN 13183-2, Moisture content of a piece of sawn timber Part 2: Estimation by electrical resistance method EN ISO 8611-1:2012 (E) 6 DIN EN ISO 8611-1:2012-10 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 445 and the following app
44、ly. 3.1 breaking of one component fracture of a structural element which significantly affects the strength, stiffness or functionality of a pallet 3.2 concentrated load load concentrated over an area of less than 50 % of the pallet top deck ISO 445:2008, definition 2.3 3.3 maximum working load grea
45、test payload that a pallet is permitted to carry in a specific loading and support condition NOTE 1 This varies according to the type, distribution, arrangement and means of stabilization of the load and the system of support, and can be lower or higher than the nominal load (see ISO 8611-2 and ISO
46、8611-3). NOTE 2 Adapted from ISO 445:2008, definition 2.7. 3.4 nominal load R lowest safe load value for the specified support conditions, independent of the type of load (excluding concentrated loads) NOTE 1 “Specified support conditions” refers to the range of conditions of use in 7.1 of ISO 8611-
47、2:2011. NOTE 2 Nominal load does not represent an actual payload on a pallet in use. The nominal load is used for comparing the performance of different pallets. NOTE 3 Adapted from ISO 445:2008, definition 2.2. 3.5 payload Q load carried by the pallet in use ISO 445:2008, definition 2.8 NOTE This c
48、an be above, identical to or below the nominal load. 3.6 platen solid, rigid surface on a test machine used for applying a load to test a sample pallet 3.7 racking storage of unit loads in drive-in or beam racks with free, unsupported spans ISO 445:2008, definition A.3.1 3.8 safety factor ratio of the ultimate load to the nominal load NOTE In ISO 8611 (all parts), this ratio is at least 2,0. EN ISO 8611-1:2012 (E) 7 DIN EN ISO 8611-1:2012-10 3.9 soli
