1、April 2008DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 8No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 81.080!$Mg,“1426809www.di
2、n.deDDIN EN ISO 20182Refractory test-piece preparation Gunning refractory panels by the pneumatic-nozzle mixing type guns(ISO 20182:2008)English version of DIN EN ISO 20182:2008-04Probenvorbereitung feuerfester Erzeugnisse Probenvorbereitung feuerfester Spritzmassen mittels pneumatischer Spritzmasch
3、inen(ISO 20182:2008)Englische Fassung DIN EN ISO 20182:2008-04www.beuth.deDocument comprises 11 pagesDIN EN ISO 20182:2008-04 2 National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 33 “Refractories” and has been adopted as EN ISO 20182:2008 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 18
4、7 “Refractory products and materials” (Secretariat: BSI, United Kingdom). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Materialprfung (Materials Testing Standards Committee), Technical Committee NA 062-02-57 AA Ungeformte, dichte geformte und wrmedmmende feuerfeste
5、 Erzeugnisse und Werkstoffe. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standard referred to in the EN ISO are as follows: ISO 8656-1 DIN 51061-2 and DIN EN 1402-2 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN 51061-2, Testing of ceramic raw and finished materials Part 2: Sampling of ce
6、ramic raw materials DIN EN 1402-2, Unshaped refractory products Part 2: Sampling for testing EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 20182January 2008ICS 81.080English VersionRefractory test-piece preparation - Gunning refractory panels bythe pneumatic-nozzle mixing type guns (ISO 2018
7、2:2008)Prparation dprouvettes rfractaires - Panneauxrfractaires pour gunitage au pistolet mlangeurpneumatique (ISO 20182:2008)Probenvorbereitung feuerfester Erzeugnisse -Probenvorbereitung feuerfester Spritzmassen mittelspneumatischer Spritzmaschinen (ISO 20182:2008)This European Standard was approv
8、ed by CEN on 12 January 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalsta
9、ndards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified t
10、o the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Neth
11、erlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in
12、 any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 20182:2008: EDIN EN ISO 20182:2008-04 EN ISO 20182:2008 (E) Contents Page Foreword 3 1 Scope . 4 2 Normative references . 4 3 Terms and definitions . 4 4 Principle . 5 5 Precision 5 6 Apparatus 5 7 Sampling 6 8 Pro
13、cedure 6 9 Test report . 8 Annex A (informative) Determination of total water content and rebound . 9 2 Foreword 3 This document (EN ISO 20182:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 33 “Refractories“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 187 “Refractory products and materia
14、ls“, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2008. Attention
15、 is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
16、following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia,
17、 Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 20182:2008 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 20182:2008 without any modification. DIN EN ISO 20182:2008-04 EN ISO 20182:2008 (E) : - WARNING This International Standard may involve the use of hazardou
18、s materials, operations and equipment. It does not attempt to address the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this International Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations pr
19、ior to use. 1 Scope This International Standard describes the procedure for the preparation of test panels from refractory materials by gunning through pneumatic-nozzle mixing type guns at ambient temperatures. NOTE The values obtained from test pieces cut from the panel prepared using this method m
20、ight not correspond with those obtained from test pieces of the same material prepared at a gunning installation site. This International Standard does not apply to plastic gunning mixes, and might not apply to those mixes that contain aggregates that are susceptible to hydration. It also does not a
21、pply to shotcrete type mixes. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) appli
22、es. ISO 836, Refractories Vocabulary ISO 8656-1, Refractory products Sampling of raw materials and unshaped products Part 1: Sampling scheme 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 836 and the following apply. 3.1 gun assembly essentially com
23、prising a chamber into which the refractory is added, together with a mechanism that controls the flow of the material through the unit NOTE Depending on the type used, the gun may be open at the top, or a closed pressurized unit may be used. 3.2 rebound material material that fails to adhere to the
24、 surface when being sprayed, and ricochets out of the immediate area 4 DIN EN ISO 20182:2008-04 EN ISO 20182:2008 (E) 4 Principle Refractory material is conveyed pneumatically in either a dry or predampened form to the test site, using equipment of the nozzle mixing type. Then water is introduced to
25、 the refractory mix at the nozzle and the mixture is projected onto a support plate (see 6.5). 5 Precision Differences between various types of equipment and in operator techniques may result in variations in the physical properties of the gunned specimens. For referee testing, it is desirable that
26、the same operator should use the same equipment to produce test specimens. 6 Apparatus 6.1 Gun, of the pneumatic-nozzle mixing type. 6.2 Air compressor, capable of supplying a steady airflow at the required pressure and volume. 6.3 Mixer, for use when predamping is carried out. The mixer shall be ca
27、pable of producing a homogeneous mixture of the material to be tested. 6.4 Hose/nozzle assembly, comprising a reinforced pneumatic hose and a nozzle assembly suitable for the material being gunned. 6.5 Gunned-material support plate, flat, capable of producing a panel having minimum usable dimensions
28、 of 280 mm 280 mm 100 mm thickness that is suitable for the tests intended to be carried out, after allowance for any material to be cut off as described in Clause 8. The preferred support plate has ledges at both sides and the top edge. An example of the preferred support plate is given in Figure 1
29、a). An alternative support plate may be used, 300 mm to 500 mm in length, and having a bottom support edge 100 mm in width and of the same overall length as the support plate. An example of the alternative support plate is given in Figure 1b). The support plate may be made of wood or steel and shall
30、 not flex during use. The support plate may be larger than the minimum panel size, to allow the edges to be removed from the gunned panel, for example, to remove trapped rebound material at the bottom, and other edge effects. Interested parties shall agree which type of panel is used. The test repor
31、t shall state the dimensions of the gunned-material support plate and panel produced, and the type of panel used. 6.6 Air pressure gauge, capable of measuring pressures up to 690 kPa, plus or minus 5 % at all pressures. 6.7 Water-measuring device, for use if predamping is carried out, capable of mea
32、suring the water quantity to the nearest 5 %. 6.8 Water-pressure gauge, capable of measuring pressures up to at least 50 kPa greater than the pressure in the supply lines being used and within plus or minus 5 % at all pressures. 6.9 Miscellaneous tools, including a trowel and a shovel. 6.10 Thermome
33、ter, capable of being read to the nearest 1 C. 5 DIN EN ISO 20182:2008-04 EN ISO 20182:2008 (E) Dimensions in millimetres a) Preferred gunned-material support plate b) Alternative gunned-material support plate Figure 1 Examples of gunned-material support plates 7 Sampling Take the sample for prepara
34、tion of a test panel in accordance with established sampling principles, such as those given in ISO 8656-1. The additional volume of material required for sample preparation will depend on the amount left in the apparatus after the gunning operation, the amount of rebound material and the amount req
35、uired to stabilize the gun. The mass of material required will depend on the total volume and the bulk density of the material. Only full bags of the material to be tested shall be selected and their entire contents shall be used. 8 Procedure Using Table 1 as a guide, choose the hose diameter approp
36、riate to the particular refractory mix being gunned. Table 1 Feed systems Maximum aggregate size in mix mm Internal diameter of hose mm 8 5 the largest aggregate sizes The nozzle and the gun are usually held at the same elevation. If this is not the case, record the difference to the nearest metre.
37、The water pressure should be greater than 150 kPa above the gunning pressure at the nozzle, possibly requiring the use of a water pump. The watering and nozzle extension will be different for dense and lightweight materials. Determine the pH of the water used for predampening and gunning using litmu
38、s paper or a pH meter. If measured, record the pH and method used in the test report (Clause 9). 6 DIN EN ISO 20182:2008-04 EN ISO 20182:2008 (E) Record the ambient temperature and the temperature of the refractory material to the nearest 1 C. Predampen the material in the mixer with the amount of w
39、ater recommended by the manufacturer, ensuring that the material is used within 20 min of predamping. If there is no recommendation made by the manufacturer then, if necessary, predampen the material in the range 2 % to 5 % by mass for dense castables, and 5 % to 12 % by mass for insulating castable
40、s. Avoid stoppage in the gun, hose and/or nozzle caused by predampening. Where necessary, to prevent sticking, apply a plate-release agent, such as light oil or grease, to the support plate. Place the support plate against a rigid surface, typically at an angle of 60 to 80 to the horizontal. Record
41、the angle of inclination and include it in the test report. Using the minimum amount of water that allows the refractory to adhere to the sprayed surface, adjust the air pressure until the material flows freely from the nozzle. This operation should be performed remote from the support plate. NOTE 1
42、 The air pressure is dependent on whether the material gunned is dense or insulating. Holding the nozzle at right angles to the work area and typically 0,5 m to 1 m from it, spray in a circular motion over the full width of the test plate, starting at the bottom of the support plate and working upwa
43、rd, being careful not to entrap rebound material. Continue until the panels thickness is such that test pieces of the desired size can be cut from the panel, so that all gunned edges are removed in the cutting process. Interested parties shall agree whether the top surface and edges may be trimmed.
44、The surface shall not be trowelled to obtain a sleek finish. If a determination of water content is required, take sufficient gunned material, typically 500 g, which is not rebound material. To minimize moisture loss, either enclose the panel or cover its surface with an impervious membrane. Allow t
45、he gunned panel to cure at a temperature of 20 C to 25 C for 24 h. NOTE 2 The sample may be stripped after 16 h, provided that it remains in a humid atmosphere (minimum 95 % relative humidity) for a total of 24 h. Cut test pieces from the gunned panel, with the longest side parallel to the ledge, to
46、 a size appropriate to the tests to be carried out, and mark the direction in which the forming/gunning pressure was applied. The cut surface of a test piece shall be at least 1 cm from the exposed edge of the gunned panel. Cut surfaces shall be smooth enough to allow for strength testing, if requir
47、ed. The rough, as-gunned faces shall not form part of the test pieces. NOTE 3 The load in strength tests is applied to test-piece faces cut perpendicular to the direction of gunning. Dry the samples at 110 C for 24 h and store for testing. Ensure they do not re-absorb moisture prior to testing. NOTE
48、 4 For chemically bonded material, a special drying schedule may be required. Where required, determine the total water content and proportion of rebound material by methods to be agreed between interested parties. 7 DIN EN ISO 20182:2008-04 EN ISO 20182:2008 (E) 9 Test report The test report shall
49、include the following information: a) all information necessary for identification of the sample tested, including a description of the as-received material, e.g. product name, lot number and production date; b) a reference to this International Standard (ISO 20182:2007); c) details of the process including the following: the gun type and operational specifications, the length and diameter of the material hose used, the type of nozzle mixing and delivery device, the temperature of the work area, refractory material and water,
