1、November 2010 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 13No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).I
2、CS 13.180!$l2#“1731500www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 206853-D scanning methodologies for internationally compatibleanthropometric databases (ISO 20685:2010)English translation of DIN EN ISO 20685:2010-113 D-Scanverfahren fr international kompatible anthropometrische Datenbanken(ISO 20685:2010)Englische berse
3、tzung von DIN EN ISO 20685:2010-11Mthodologies dexploration tridimensionnelles pour les bases de donnesanthropomtriques compatibles au plan international (ISO 20685:2010)Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 20685:2010-11SupersedesDIN EN ISO 20685:2006-02www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of do
4、ubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.26-11.10 DIN EN ISO 20685:2010-11 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 “Ergonomics” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergono
5、mics” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Ergonomie (Ergonomics Standards Committee), Joint Working Committee NA 023-00-03 GA Gemeinschaftsarbeitsausschuss NAErg/NAM: Anthropometrie und Biomechanik. The DIN Standards correspond
6、ing to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 7250-1 DIN EN ISO 7250-1 ISO 15535 DIN EN ISO 15535 ISO/IEC 8859-1 DIN 66303 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN ISO 20685:2006-02 as follows: a) some terms and definitions have been modified (3.10, 3.12, 3.
7、20 and 3.21) and renumbered; b) in Clause 2 “Normative references”, ISO 7250:1996 has been replaced by ISO 7250-1:2008 and ISO 15535 has been transferred to Bibliography; c) the standard has been editorially revised. Previous editions DIN EN ISO 20685: 2006-02 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliog
8、raphy DIN 66303, Information technology 8 bit code DIN EN ISO 7250-1, Basic human body measurements for technological design Part 1: Body measurement definitions and landmarks DIN EN ISO 15535, General requirements for establishing anthropometric databases EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCH
9、E NORM EN ISO 20685 June 2010 ICS 13.180 Supersedes EN ISO 20685:2005English Version 3-D scanning methodologies for internationally compatible anthropometric databases (ISO 20685:2010) Mthodologies dexploration tridimensionnelles pour les bases de donnes anthropomtriques compatibles au plan internat
10、ional (ISO 20685:2010) 3-D-Scanverfahren fr international kompatible anthropometrische Datenbanken (ISO 20685:2010) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 June 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this Eur
11、opean Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (Engl
12、ish, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria
13、, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STA
14、NDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 20685:2010: EContents Page Foreword 3DIN EN IS
15、O 20685:2010-11 EN ISO 20685:2010 (E) 2 ord3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Accuracy of extracted measurements.9 5 Research designs for establishing accuracy of body dimensions extracted from scanners .12 6 Method for estimating the number of subjects
16、 needed.13 Annex A (informative) Methods for reducing error in 3-D scanning15 Bibliography 24 Foreword This document (EN ISO 20685:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 Ergonomics” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics” the secretariat of which is held
17、by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility t
18、hat some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 20685:2005. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organiz
19、ations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portu
20、gal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 20685:2010 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 20685:2010 without any modification. “DIN EN ISO 20685:2010-11 EN ISO 20685:2010 (E) 3 Introduction Anthropometric measures are key
21、to many International Standards. These measures can be gathered using a variety of instruments. An instrument with relatively new application to anthropometry is a three-dimensional (3-D) scanner. 3-D scanners generate a 3-D point cloud of the outside of the human body that can be used for clothing
22、and automotive design, engineering and medical applications. There are currently no standardized methods for using 3-D point clouds in the design process. As a result, many users extract one-dimensional (1-D) data from 3-D point clouds. This International Standard concerns the application of 3-D sca
23、nners to the collection of one-dimensional anthropometric data for use in design. There are a number of different fundamental technologies that underlie commercially available systems. These include stereophotogrammetry, ultrasound and light (laser light, white light and infrared). Further, the soft
24、ware that is available to process data from the scan varies in its methods. Additionally, software to extract dimensions similar to traditional dimensions varies markedly in features and capabilities. As a result of differences in fundamental technology, hardware and software, extracted measurements
25、 from several different systems can be markedly different for the same individual. Since 3-D scanning can be used to gather measurements, such as lengths and circumferences, it was important to develop an International Standard that allows users of such systems to judge whether the 3-D system is ade
26、quate for these needs. The intent of ISO 20685 is to ensure comparability of body measurements as specified by ISO 7250-1 but measured with the aid of 3-D body scanners rather than with traditional anthropometric instruments such as tape measures and callipers. It is further intended that by conform
27、ance with this International Standard any data extracted from scans will be suitable for inclusion in international databases such as those described in ISO 15535. DIN EN ISO 20685:2010-11 EN ISO 20685:2010 (E) 4 1 Scope This International Standard addresses protocols for the use of 3-D surface-scan
28、ning systems in the acquisition of human body shape data and measurements defined in ISO 7250-1 that can be extracted from 3-D scans. It does not apply to instruments that measure the location and/or motion of individual landmarks. While mainly concerned with whole-body scanners, it is also applicab
29、le to body-segment scanners (head scanners, hand scanners, foot scanners). The intended audience is those who use 3-D scanners to create 1-D anthropometric databases and the users of 1-D anthropometric data from 3-D scanners. Although not necessarily aimed at the designers and manufacturers of those
30、 systems, scanner designers and manufacturers will find it useful in meeting the needs of clients who build and use 1-D anthropometric databases. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition c
31、ited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 7250-1:2008, Basic human body measurements for technological design Part 1: Body measurement definitions and landmarks 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document
32、, the following terms and definitions apply. NOTE In the case of definitions of terms for skeletal landmarks, when there is a separate term for the skin overlying the landmark and another for the landmark itself, the skin landmark term is used. Where there is no separate term, the skeletal term is u
33、sed and assumed to refer to the skin overlying the landmark. 3.1 three-dimensional 3-D pertaining to the use of three orthogonal scales on which the three coordinates, x, y and z, can be measured to give the precise position of any relevant anatomical point in the considered space NOTE Many anthropo
34、metric distances can be calculated from the coordinates of anatomical landmarks. Some additional points may be necessary to obtain circumferences. 3.2 3-D body scanner hardware and software system that creates digital data representing a human form, or parts thereof, in three dimensions DIN EN ISO 2
35、0685:2010-11 EN ISO 20685:2010 (E) 5 3.3 3-D processing software operating system, user interface, programs, algorithms and instructions associated with a 3-D scanning system 3.4 3-D scanner hardware physical components of a 3-D scanner and any associated computer(s) 3.5 accuracy extent to which the
36、 measured value approximates a true value NOTE Since it is difficult to trace the accuracy of complex hardware and software systems to recognized ISO sources, for the purposes of this International Standard true value is taken to mean the measured value obtained by a skilled anthropometrist using tr
37、aditional instruments such as tape and calliper. 3.6 acromion most lateral point of the lateral edge of the spine (acromial process) of the scapula ISO 7250-1:2008, 2.2.1 3.7 anatomical landmark clearly defined point on the body that can be used for defining anthropometric measurements 3.8 anterior
38、superior iliac spine most downward-directed point of the iliac crest 3.9 anthropometric database collection of individual body measurements (anthropometric data) and background information (demographic data) recorded on a group of people (the sample) ISO 15535:2006, 3.8 3.10 cervicale tip of the pro
39、minent bone at the base of the back of the neck (spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra) NOTE Adapted from ISO 7250-1:2008, definition 2.2.5. 3.11 crotch level distal part of the inferior ramus of the pubic bone on a standing subject NOTE It is typically marked using the top of a horizonta
40、l straightedge. 3.12 Frankfurt plane standard horizontal plane at the level of the left tragion and left infraorbitale when the midsagittal plane of the head is held vertically NOTE Adapted from ISO 7250-1:2008, definition 2.2.8. DIN EN ISO 20685:2010-11 EN ISO 20685:2010 (E) 6 3.13 glabella most an
41、terior point of the forehead between the browridges in the midsagittal plane ISO 7250-1:2008, 2.2.9 3.14 iliocristale most lateral palpable point of the iliac crest of the pelvis 3.15 infraorbitale lowest point on the anterior border of the bony eye socket 3.16 lateral malleolus most lateral point o
42、f the right lateral malleolus (outside ankle bone) 3.17 lowest rib inferior point of the bottom of the rib cage 3.18 menton lowest point of the tip of the chin in the midsagittal plane ISO 7250-1:2008, 2.2.16 3.19 mesosternale point on the union of the third and fourth sternebrae ISO 7250-1:2008, 2.
43、2.17 3.20 opisthocranion most distant point from glabella in the midsagittal plane 3.21 point cloud collection of 3-D points in space referenced by their coordinate values NOTE A point cloud constitutes the raw data from a 3-D scanner and needs to be translated to a human axis system. 3.22 radial st
44、yloid protuberance of the radius at the wrist NOTE Adapted from ISO 7250-1:2008, definition 2.2.26. 3.23 repeatability extent to which the values of a variable measured twice on the same subject are the same 3.24 sellion point of greatest indentation of the nasal root depression DIN EN ISO 20685:201
45、0-11 EN ISO 20685:2010 (E) 7 3.25 stylion distal point of the radial styloid NOTE Adapted from ISO 7250-1:2008, definition 2.2.26. 3.26 suprapatella superior point of the patella (kneecap)3.27 thelion centre of the nipple 3.28 thyroid cartilage prominent cartilage on the anterior surface of the neck
46、 ISO 7250-1:2008, 2.2.28 3.29 tibiale point at the upper inside (medial) edge of the proximal end of the tibial bone of the lower leg ISO 7250-1:2008, 2.2.29 3.30 top of head highest point of the head with the head oriented in the Frankfurt plane 3.31 tragion notch just above the tragus NOTE Adapted
47、 from ISO 7250-1:2008, definition 2.2.30. 3.32 tragus small cartilaginous flap in front of the ear hole NOTE Adapted from ISO 7250-1:2008, definition 2.2.30. 3.33 ulnar stylion most distal point on the ulnar styloid NOTE Adapted from ISO 7250-1:2008, definition 2.2.26. 3.34 ulnar styloid protuberanc
48、e of the ulna at the wrist NOTE Adapted from ISO 7250-1:2008, definition 2.2.26. 3.35 vertical plane geometric plane tangent to a point on the body and orthogonal to the mid-sagittal plane DIN EN ISO 20685:2010-11 EN ISO 20685:2010 (E) 8 3.36 x, y, z coordinate system axis system system for measurin
49、g the body with respect to the standing or sitting human where X refers to the fore-and-aft direction (the sagittal axis), Y refers to the side-to-side direction (the transverse axis) and Z refers to the top-to-bottom direction (the longitudinal axis) See Figure 1. NOTE Researchers establish their own origin for the axis system, convenient to their research, while keeping the direction of the axes as indicated and reporting the origin in the data base and any publications. Figure 1 x, y, z coordinate system 4 Accuracy of extracted measurements 4.
