1、September 2011 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 13No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).
2、ICS 13.080.30!$ta“1816227www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 22030Soil quality Biological methods Chronic toxicity in higher plants (ISO 22030:2005)English translation of DIN EN ISO 22030:2011-09Bodenbeschaffenheit Biologische Verfahren Chronische Toxizitt in hheren Pflanzen (ISO 22030:2005)Englische bersetzung v
3、on DIN EN ISO 22030:2011-09Qualit du sol Mthodes biologiques Toxicit chronique sur les plantes suprieures (ISO 22030:2005)Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 22030:2011-09SupersedesDIN ISO 22030:2005-11www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be consider
4、ed authoritative.2608.11 DIN EN ISO 22030:2011-09 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190 “Soil quality” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 345 “Characterization of soils” (Secretariat: NEN, Netherland
5、s). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Wasserwesen (Water Practice Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 119-01-02-04 UA Biologische Verfahren of NA 119-01-02 AA Abfall- und Bodenuntersuchung. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Stan
6、dards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 10381-6 DIN ISO 10381-6 ISO 10390 DIN ISO 10390 ISO 11074-1 E DIN ISO 11074 ISO 11074-2 E DIN ISO 11074 ISO 11259 DIN EN ISO 25177 ISO 11268-1:1993 E DIN ISO 11268-1:2010-07 ISO 11268-2:1998 E DIN ISO 11268-2:2010-07 ISO 11269-2 E DIN ISO 11269-
7、2:2011-06 ISO 11274 DIN ISO 11274 ISO 11277 DIN ISO 11277 ISO 11465 DIN ISO 11465 ISO 15176:2002 DIN 19731:1998-05 ISO 15799 DIN ISO 15799 Amendments This standard differs from DIN ISO 22030:2005-11 as follows: a) ISO 22030:2005 has been adopted as European Standard EN ISO 22030:2011. Previous editi
8、ons DIN ISO 22030: 2005-11 DIN EN ISO 22030:2011-09 3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN 19731:1998-05, Soil quality Utilization of soil material DIN EN ISO 25177, Soil quality Field soil description DIN ISO 10381-6, Soil quality Sampling Part 6: Guidance on the collection, handling an
9、d storage of soil under aerobic conditions for the assessment of microbiological processes, biomass and diversity in the laboratory DIN ISO 10390, Soil quality Determination of pH E DIN ISO 11074, Soil quality Vocabulary E DIN ISO 11268-1:2010-07, Soil quality Effects of pollutants on earthworms (Ei
10、senia fetida/Eisenia andrei) Part 1: Determination of acute toxicity E DIN ISO 11268-2:2010-07, Soil quality Effects of pollutants on earthworms (Eisenia fetida/Eisenia andrei) Part 2: Determination of effects on reproduction E DIN ISO 11269-2:2011-06, Soil quality Determination of the effects of po
11、llutants on soil flora Part 2: Effects of chemicals on the emergence and growth of higher plants DIN ISO 11274, Soil quality Determination of the water retention characteristics Laboratory methods DIN ISO 11277, Soil quality Determination of particle size distribution in mineral soil material Method
12、 by sieving and sedimentation DIN ISO 11465, Soil quality Determination of dry matter and water content on a mass basis Gravimetric method DIN ISO 15799, Soil quality Guidance on the ecotoxicological characterization of soils and soil materials DIN EN ISO 22030:2011-09 4 This page is intentionally b
13、lank EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 22030 June 2011 ICS 13.080.30 English Version Soil quality - Biological methods - Chronic toxicity in higher plants (ISO 22030:2005) Qualit du sol - Mthodes biologiques - Toxicit chronique sur les plantes suprieures (ISO 22030:2005) Boden
14、beschaffenheit - Biologische Verfahren - Chronische Toxizitt in hheren Pflanzen (ISO 22030:2005) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 June 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the
15、status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French
16、, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, C
17、roatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDA
18、RDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 22030:2011: EContents DIN EN ISO 22030:2011-09 EN
19、 ISO 22030:2011 (E) 2 Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Principle8 5 Materials .8 5.1 Test plants8 5.2 Soil and soil storage8 5.2.1 General8 5.2.2 Test soil 9 5.2.3 Control soil .9 5.3 Reference substance.10 6 Apparatus .10 7 Methods 12 7.
20、1 Experimental design12 7.2 Pre-test12 7.3 Preliminary test (range-finding) .12 7.4 Final test .13 7.5 Preparation of the pots .13 7.6 Preparation of the seeds.13 7.7 Growth conditions .13 7.8 Start of the test.14 7.9 Handling during the test .14 7.9.1 Number of plants and thinning out14 7.9.2 Water
21、ing14 7.9.3 Rearrangement of test vessels.14 7.9.4 Pollination.14 7.9.5 Reporting 15 7.10 Endpoint measurements.15 7.10.1 Seedling emergence15 7.10.2 Harvest at day 14 .15 7.10.3 Final harvest.15 7.11 Summary and timetable of the test16 8 Validity criteria .17 9 Assessment of the results 17 9.1 Pres
22、entation of measured data 17 9.2 Statistical analysis.18 9.2.1 Preliminary test18 9.2.2 Final test .18 9.2.3 NOEC (no observed effect concentration) approach.18 9.2.4 ECx(effect concentration) approach .18 10 Test report 19 Annex A (informative) Testing of chemicals in soil .20 Bibliography 21 Forew
23、ord The text of ISO 22030:2005 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190 “Soil quality” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 22030:2011 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 345 “Characterization of soils” the secretariat of which is held by
24、 NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility tha
25、t some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to
26、 implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Swede
27、n, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 22030:2005 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 22030:2011 without any modification. DIN EN ISO 22030:2011-09 EN ISO 22030:2011 (E) 3 Introduction This International Standard describes a procedure for evaluating the quality of
28、 soils of different origin carrying unknown contaminations. The method, slightly modified, can also be used to measure the toxicity of known chemicals incorporated into soil. The evaluation of the inhibition and chronic toxicity is based on emergence, vegetative growth and reproductive capacity of a
29、t least two species of higher plants. This International Standard is based on: a) results of the research project “Development of a chronic bioassay using higher plants”, sponsored by the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), Bonn 3, and b) discussions within the joint project “Ecotoxic
30、ological Test Batteries” forming part of the BMBF Joint Research Group “Processes for the Bioremediation of Soil” 10. DIN EN ISO 22030:2011-09 EN ISO 22030:2011 (E) 4 WARNING Contaminated soils can contain unknown mixtures of toxic, mutagenic or otherwise harmful chemicals or infectious microorganis
31、ms. Occupational health risks can arise from dust or evaporated chemicals during handling and incubation. Furthermore, test plants can absorb chemicals from the soil and safety measures should also be considered when handling these test plants. 1 Scope This International Standard describes a method
32、for determining the inhibition of the growth and reproductive capability of higher plants by soils under controlled conditions. Two species are recommended: a rapid-cycling variant of turnip rape (Brassica rapa CrGC syn. Rbr) and oat (Avena sativa). The duration of test should be sufficient to inclu
33、de chronic endpoints that demonstrate the reproductive capability of the test plants. By using natural test soils, e.g. from contaminated sites or remediated soils, and by comparing the development of the test plants in these soils with reference or standard control soils, the test can be used to as
34、sess soil quality, especially the function of the soil as a habitat for plants. Annex A describes modifications allowing use of the chronic plant assay for the testing of chemicals incorporated into soil. By preparing a dilution series of a test substance in standard control soils, the same endpoint
35、s can be measured to assess the chronic toxicity of chemicals. This method is not applicable to volatile substances, i.e. substances for which H (Henrys constant) or the air/water partition coefficient is greater than 1, or for which the vapour pressure exceeds 0,013 3 Pa at 25 C. 2 Normative refere
36、nces The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 11268-1:1993, Soil quality Effects of po
37、llutants on earthworms (Eisenia fetida) Part 1: Determination of acute toxicity using artificial soil substrate ISO 11268-2:1998, Soil quality Effects of pollutants on earthworms (Eisenia fetida) Part 2: Determination of effects on reproduction ISO 11269-2, Soil quality Determination of the effects
38、of pollutants on soil flora Part 2: Effects of chemicals on the emergence and growth of higher plants ISO 15176:2002, Soil quality Characterization of excavated soil and other soil materials intended for re-use ISO 15799, Soil quality Guidance on the ecotoxicological characterization of soils and so
39、il materials ASTM D1076:2002, Standard Specification for Rubber-Concentrated, Ammonia Preserved, Creamed, and Centrifuged Natural Latex DIN EN ISO 22030:2011-09 EN ISO 22030:2011 (E) 5 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 artificia
40、l soil mixture of sand, kaolinite, peat and calcium carbonate NOTE ISO 11268-1 describes such a soil for toxicity tests using earthworms. Pure quartz sand, mineral wool, vermiculite or other synthetic substrates should not be used. 3.2 biomass total mass of shoots, flowers and seed pods NOTE 1 Bioma
41、ss is expressed as dry mass per plant or, if needed, as dry mass per pot. NOTE 2 During the test period, some of the test plants can reach different growth stages and their water content can differ when the plants are harvested. Thus the dry mass better represents the biomass produced during the gro
42、wth period. 3.3 concentration mass of test substance per amount of soil NOTE Concentration is expressed as a mass fraction, in milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) of dry soil. 3.4 contaminant substance or agent present in the soil as a result of human activity ISO 15176:2002 3.5 control soil uncontamina
43、ted substrate, used as a control and as medium for preparing dilution series with test soils or chemicals, that allows the growth of healthy plants NOTE Either artificial or natural standard or reference soils can be used, if unhindered growth of the test plants in these soils can be expected. In an
44、y case, differences in nutrient levels between a test soil and a control soil can affect the dose-response pattern. For example, a control soil much richer in nutrients than a test soil can result in a false positive result (i.e. the test soil appears to have a “toxic” effect on the growth of the te
45、st plants). If a control soil is poorer in nutrients than a test soil, hormesis (see 3.9) can be expected at low soil-mixture ratios, or even an inverse dose response relationship, if nutrient supply becomes the main effect. This International Standard does not provide numerical values for the nutri
46、ents. 3.6 effect concentration ECxconcentration (mass fraction) of a test chemical or the percentage (mass fraction) of a test soil at which a given endpoint is inhibited by x % compared to the control NOTE The effect concentration is expressed in milligrams per kilogram. When chemicals are tested,
47、the ECxis expressed as mass of the test substance per dry mass of soil; when soils are tested, the ECxis expressed as a percentage of test soil dry mass per soil mixture dry mass. 3.7 emergence development of a seedling contained within a seed, ending the latent period NOTE It is expressed as the pe
48、rcentage of seedlings which emerge from test pots as compared with the control pots. DIN EN ISO 22030:2011-09 EN ISO 22030:2011 (E) 6 3.8 habitat function ability of soils/soil materials to serve as a habitat for microorganisms, plants, soil-living animals and their interactions (biocenosis) ISO 157
49、99 3.9 hormesis improvement of seedling emergence, growth or survival (or other response of the test plants) at low concentrations of chemicals or mixtures of soil that are toxic when applied at higher levels in comparison to the control 13.10 lowest observed effect concentration LOEC lowest tested concentration (mass fraction) of a test substance in soil at which a statistically significant effect on a given endpoint (p 0,05) compared with the control is observed cf. NOEC (3.11
