1、March 2013 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 22No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS
2、93.020!$r“1957956www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 22476-4Geotechnical investigation and testing Field testing Part 4: Mnard pressuremeter test (ISO 22476-4:2012);English version EN ISO 22476-4:2012,English translation of DIN EN ISO 22476-4:2013-03Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung Felduntersuchungen Teil
3、 4: Pressiometerversuch nach Mnard (ISO 22476-4:2012);Englische Fassung EN ISO 22476-4:2012,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 22476-4:2013-03Reconnaissance et essais gotechniques Essais en place Partie 4: Essai au pressiomtre de Mnard (ISO 22476-4:2012);Version anglaise EN ISO 22476-4:2012,Traduct
4、ion anglaise de DIN EN ISO 22476-4:2013-03Together with DIN EN ISO22476-5:2013-03 andDIN EN ISO 22476-7:2013-03supersedesDIN 4094-5:2001-06www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 56 pages02.13 DIN EN ISO 22476-4:2013-03 2 A comm
5、a is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN ISO 22476-4:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 341 “Geo-technical investigation and testing” (Secretariat: ELOT, Greece) in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 182 “Geotechnics”. The responsible German
6、body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Bauwesen (Building and Civil Engineering Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 005-05-09 AA Baugrund, Feldversuche. Amendments This standard differs from DIN 4094-5:2001-06 as follows: a) the content of DIN 4094-5 has been allocated to DI
7、N EN ISO 22746-4, DIN EN ISO 22476-5 and DIN EN ISO 22476-7. Previous editions DIN 4094-5: 2001-06 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 22476-4 December 2012 ICS 93.020 English Version Geotechnical investigation and testing - Field testing - Part 4: Mnard pressuremeter test (ISO
8、22476-4:2012) Reconnaissance et essais gotechniques - Essais en place - Partie 4: Essai au pressiomtre de MnardGeotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung - Felduntersuchungen - Teil 4: Pressiometerversuch nach Mnard (ISO 22476-4:2012) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 November 2012. CEN
9、 members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on appl
10、ication to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Ma
11、nagement Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Lat
12、via, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for C
13、EN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 22476-4:2012: EEUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG (ISO 22476-4:2012) Contents Page Foreword . 3 1 Scope . 4 2 Normative references. 5 3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 5 3.1 Terms and definitions
14、5 3.2 Symbols 7 4 Equipment . 9 4.1 General description 9 4.2 Pressuremeter probe . 10 4.3 Pressure and volume control unit (CU) . 14 4.4 Connecting lines 14 4.5 Injected liquid . 14 4.6 Measurement and control . 14 4.7 Data logger 15 5 Test procedure . 15 5.1 Assembling the parts . 15 5.2 Calibrati
15、on and corrections 15 5.3 Pressuremeter pocket and probe placing . 15 5.4 Preparation for testing . 16 5.5 Establishing the loading programme . 16 5.6 Establishing the differential pressure 17 5.7 Expansion . 18 5.8 Back-filling of the pockets 18 5.9 Safety requirements . 18 6 Test results . 19 6.1
16、Data sheet and field print-out . 19 6.2 Corrected pressuremeter curve 20 6.3 Calculated results 20 7 Reporting 21 7.1 General 21 7.2 Field report 21 7.3 Test report . 21 Annex A (normative) Geometrical features of pressuremeter probes . 23 Annex B (normative) Calibration and corrections 26 Annex C (
17、normative) Placing the pressuremeter probe in the ground 34 Annex D (normative) Obtaining pressuremeter parameters . 41 Annex E (normative) Resolution and uncertainties . 49 Annex F (normative) Pressuremeter test records 50 Bibliography 54 2DIN EN ISO 22476-4:2012-04 EN ISO 22476-4:2012 (E) Foreword
18、 This document (EN ISO 22476-4:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 341 “Geotechnical Investigation and Testing”, the secretariat of which is held by ELOT, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 182 Geotechnics . This European Standard shall be given the status of a nation
19、al standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent right
20、s. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cy
21、prus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the Unit
22、ed Kingdom. “ ”3DIN EN ISO 22476-4:2012-04 EN ISO 22476-4:2012 (E) 1 ScopeThis part of ISO 22476 specifies the equipment requirements, execution of and reporting on the Mnard pressuremeter test.NOTE 1 This part of ISO 22476 fulfils the requirements for the Mnard pressurermeter test, as part of the g
23、eotechnical investigation and testing according to EN 1997-1 and EN 1997-2.This part of ISO 22476 describes the procedure for conducting a Mnard pressuremeter test in natural soils, treated or untreated fills and in weak rocks, either on land or off-shore.The pressuremeter test results of this part
24、of ISO 22476 are suited to a quantitative determination of ground strength and deformation parameters. They may yield lithological information. They can also be combined with direct investigation (e.g. sampling according to ISO 22475-1) or compared with other in situ tests (see EN 1997-2:2007, 2.4.1
25、.4(2) P, 4.1 (1) P and 4.2.3(2) P).The Mnard pressuremeter test is performed by the radial expansion of a tricell probe placed in the ground (see Figure 1). During the injection of the liquid volume in the probe, the inflation of the three cells first brings the outer cover of the probe into contact
26、 with the pocket wall and then presses on them resulting in a soil displacement. Pressure applied to and the associated volume expansion of the probe are measured and recorded so as to obtain the stress-strain relationship of the soil as tested.Together with results of investigations with ISO 22475-
27、1 being available, or at least with identification and description of the ground according to ISO 14688-1 and ISO 14689-1 obtained during the pressuremeter test operations, the test results of this part of ISO 22476 are suited to the quantitative determination of a ground profile, including the Mnar
28、d EMmodulus, the Mnard limit pressure pLMand the Mnard creep pressure pfM.This part of ISO 22476 refers to a probe historically described as the 60 mm G type probe. This part of ISO 22476 applies to test depths limited to 50 m and test pressure limited to 5 MPa.NOTE 2 Mnard pressuremeter tests are c
29、arried out with other probe diameters and pocket dimensions such as shown below.Probe Drilling diameter (mm)Designation Diameter (mm) min maxAX 44 46 52BX 58 60 66NX 70/74 74 80Two alternative methods of measurement are provided as follows. Procedure A: data are recorded manually. Procedure B: data
30、are recorded automatically.4DIN EN ISO 22476-4:2012-04 EN ISO 22476-4:2012 (E) 2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the refe
31、renced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 14688-1, Geotechnical investigation and testing Identification and classification of soil Part 1: Identification and descriptionISO 14689-1, Geotechnical investigation and testing Identification and classification of rock Part 1: Identification
32、and descriptionISO 22475-1, Geotechnical investigation and testing Sampling methods and groundwater measurements Part 1: Technical principles for executionENV 13005:1999, Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement3 Terms, definitions and symbols3.1 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of
33、 this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1.1pressuremeterwhole equipment which is used to carry out a Mnard pressuremeter test, excluding the means necessary to place the pressuremeter probe into the groundNOTE 1 A pressuremeter includes a pressuremeter probe, a pressure and volum
34、e control unit, called CU, lines to connect the probe to the CU and, in the case of procedure B, a data logger which is either built into the CU or linked to it.NOTE 2 See Figure 2.3.1.2pressuremeter test pocketcircular cylindrical cavity formed in the ground to receive a pressuremeter probe3.1.3pre
35、ssuremeter boreholeborehole in which pressuremeter pockets with circular cross sections are made in the ground, and into which the pressuremeter probe is to be placed3.1.4pressuremeter testprocess during which a pressuremeter probe is inflated in the ground and the resulting pocket expansion is meas
36、ured by volume as a function of time and pressure increments according to a defined programme NOTE See Figure 4 and F.1.3.1.5pressuremeter soundingwhole series of sequential operations necessary to perform Mnard pressuremeter testing at a given location, i.e. forming pressuremeter test pockets and p
37、erforming pressuremeter tests in them NOTE See F.2.3.1.6pressuremeter pressure reading, prpressure pras read at the CU elevation in the liquid circuit supplying the central measuring cell5DIN EN ISO 22476-4:2012-04 EN ISO 22476-4:2012 (E) 3.1.7pressure lossdifference between the pressure inside the
38、probe and the pressure applied to the pocket wall3.1.8volume lossdifference between the volume actually injected into the probe and the volume read on the measuring device3.1.9raw pressuremeter curvegraphical plot of the injected volumes recorded at time 60 s, V60, versus the applied pressure at eac
39、h pressure hold, pr3.1.10corrected pressuremeter curvegraphical plot of the corrected volume V versus the corrected pressure p NOTE See Figure 5.3.1.11Mnard creepdifference in volumes recorded at 60 s and at 30 s at each pressure hold: V60 V30= V60/303.1.12corrected Mnard creep curvegraphical plot o
40、f the corrected Mnard creep versus the corrected applied pressure at each pressure holdNOTE See Figure 5.3.1.13pressuremeter loggraphical report of the results of the pressuremeter tests performed in pockets at a succession of depths in the same pressuremeter borehole, together with all the informat
41、ion gathered during the drilling NOTE See Annex F.3.1.14Mnard pressuremeter modulus, EME-modulus obtained from the section between (p1,V1) and (p2,V2) of the pressuremeter curve NOTE See Figure 5 and Annex D.3.1.15Mnard pressuremeter limit pressure, pLMpressure at which the volume of the test pocket
42、 at the depth of the measuring cell has doubled its original volume NOTE See Annex D.3.1.16pressuremeter creep pressure, pfMpressure derived from the creep curve NOTE See Annex D.3.1.17operatorqualified person who carries out the test3.1.18casinglengths of tubing inserted into a borehole to prevent
43、the hole caving in or to prevent the loss of flushing medium to the surrounding formation, above pocket location6DIN EN ISO 22476-4:2012-04 EN ISO 22476-4:2012 (E) 3.2 SymbolsFor the purposes of this document, the symbols given in Table 1 apply.Table 1 SymbolsSymbol Description Unita Apparatus volum
44、e loss coefficient cm3/MPadciOutside diameter of the inner part of the probe with slotted tube mmdiInside diameter of the calibration cylinder used for the volume loss calibration mmdcOutside diameter of the central measuring cell, including any additional protection such as a slotted tubemmdtDrilli
45、ng tool diameter mme Wall thickness of the calibration cylinder used for the volume loss calibration mmlpLength of the calibration cylinder used for the volume loss calibration mmlgLength of each guard cell mmlgsLength of each guard cell for a short central measuring cell pressuremeter probe mmlglLe
46、ngth of each guard cell for a long central measuring cell pressuremeter probe mmlmLength along the tube axis of the slotted section of the slotted tube mmlcLength of the central measuring cell of the probe, measured after fitting the membrane mmlcsLength of the short central measuring cell after fit
47、ting the membrane mmlclLength of the long central measuring cell after fitting the membrane mmmEMinimum value, strictly positive, of the mislopes cm3/MPamiSlope of the corrected pressuremeter curve between the two points with coordinates (pi-1, Vi-1) and (pi, Vi).cm3/MPap Pressure applied by the pro
48、be to the ground after correction MPapeCorrection for membrane stiffness usually called pressure loss of the probe MPapEPressure at the origin of the segment exhibiting the slope mEMPapelUltimate pressure loss of the probe MPapfMPressuremeter creep pressure MPapgGas pressure applied by the control unit indicator to the guard cells of the pressuremeter probeMPaphHydrostatic pressure between the control unit indicator and the central measuring cell of the pressuremeter probeMPapkGas pressure in the guard
