1、November 2013 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 21No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).I
2、CS 13.080.30!%*,u“2070982www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 23611-6Soil quality Sampling of soil invertebrates Part 6: Guidance for the design of sampling programmes with soilinvertebrates (ISO 23611-6:2012);English version EN ISO 23611-6:2013,English translation of DIN EN ISO 23611-6:2013-11Bodenbeschaffenheit
3、Probenahme von Wirbellosen im Boden Teil 6: Anleitung fr die Planung der Probenahme von Wirbellosen im Boden(ISO 23611-6:2012);Englische Fassung EN ISO 23611-6:2013,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 23611-6:2013-11Qualit du sol Prlvement des invertbrs du sol Partie 6: Lignes directrices pour la co
4、nception de programmes dchantillonnage avecdes invertbrs du sol (ISO 23611-6:2012);Version anglaise EN ISO 23611-6:2013,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 23611-6:2013-11www.beuth.deDocument comprises 49 pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.10.13 DIN E
5、N ISO 23611-6:2013-11 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword The text of ISO 23611-6:2012 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190 “Soil quality” and has been taken over as EN ISO 23611-6:2013 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 345 “Characterization of soils” (Secretariat:
6、NEN, Netherlands). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Wasserwesen (Water Practice Standards Committee), Subcommittee NA 119-01-02-04 UA Biologische Verfahren of Working Committee NA 119-01-02- AA Abfall- und Bodenuntersuchung. ISO 23611 consists of the fo
7、llowing parts, under the general title Soil quality Sampling of soil invertebrates: Part 1: Hand-sorting and formalin extraction of earthworms Part 2: Sampling and extraction of micro-arthropods (Collembola and Acarina) Part 3: Sampling and soil extraction of enchytraeids Part 4: Sampling, extractio
8、n and identification of soil-inhabiting nematodes Part 5: Sampling and extraction of soil macro-invertebrates Part 6: Guidance for the design of sampling programmes with soil invertebrates Expert assistance and specialized laboratories will be required to perform the analyses described in this stand
9、ard. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 10381-1 DIN ISO 10381-1 ISO 10381-2 DIN ISO 10381-2 ISO 10381-3 DIN ISO 10381-3 ISO 10381-4 DIN ISO 10381-4 ISO 10381-5 DIN ISO 10381-5 ISO 10381-6 DIN ISO 10381-6 ISO 10390 DIN ISO 1
10、0390 ISO 10694 DIN ISO 10694 ISO 11074 E DIN ISO 11074 ISO 11260 DIN EN ISO 11260 ISO 11272 DIN ISO 11272 ISO 11274 DIN ISO 11274 ISO 11277 DIN ISO 11277 ISO 11461 DIN ISO 11461 ISO 11465 DIN ISO 11465 ISO 11466 DIN ISO 11466 ISO 13878 DIN ISO 13878 ISO 14240-1 DIN EN ISO 14240-1 ISO 14240-2 DIN EN
11、ISO 14240-2 ISO 14869-1 DIN ISO 14869-1 ISO 15709 DIN ISO 15709 ISO 15799 DIN ISO 15799 ISO 17616 DIN ISO 17616 ISO 23611-1 DIN EN ISO 23611-1 ISO 23611-2 DIN EN ISO 23611-2 ISO 23611-3 DIN EN ISO 23611-3 ISO 23611-4 DIN EN ISO 23611-4 ISO 23611-5 DIN EN ISO 23611-5 DIN EN ISO 23611-6:2013-11 3 Nati
12、onal Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN ISO 11260, Soil quality Determination of effective cation exchange capacity and base saturation level using barium chloride solution DIN EN ISO 14240-1, Soil quality Determination of soil microbial biomass Part 1: Substrate-induced respiration method DIN
13、EN ISO 14240-2, Soil quality Determination of soil microbial biomass Part 2: Fumigation-extraction method DIN EN ISO 23611-1, Soil quality Sampling of soil invertebrates Part 1: Hand-sorting and formalin extraction of earthworms DIN EN ISO 23611-2, Soil quality Sampling of soil invertebrates Part 2:
14、 Sampling and extraction of micro-arthropods (Collembola and Acarina) DIN EN ISO 23611-3, Soil quality Sampling of soil invertebrates Part 3: Sampling and soil extraction of enchytraeids DIN EN ISO 23611-4, Soil quality Sampling of soil invertebrates Part 4: Sampling, extraction and identification o
15、f soil-inhabiting nematodes DIN EN ISO 23611-5, Soil quality Sampling of soil invertebrates Part 5: Sampling and extraction of soil macro-invertebrates DIN ISO 10381-1, Soil quality Sampling Part 1: Guidance on the design of sampling programmes DIN ISO 10381-2, Soil quality Sampling Part 2: Guidance
16、 on sampling techniques DIN ISO 10381-3, Soil quality Sampling Part 3: Guidance on safety DIN ISO 10381-4, Soil quality Sampling Part 4: Guidance on the procedure for investigation of natural, near-natural and cultivated sites DIN ISO 10381-5, Soil quality Sampling Part 5: Guidance on the procedure
17、for the investigation of urban and industrial sites with regard to soil contamination DIN ISO 10381-6, Soil quality Sampling Part 6: Guidance on the collection, handling and storage of soil under aerobic conditions for the assessment of microbiological processes, biomass and diversity in the laborat
18、ory DIN ISO 10390, Soil quality Determination of pH DIN ISO 10694, Soil quality Determination of organic and total carbon after dry combustion (elementary analysis) E DIN ISO 11074, Soil quality Vocabulary DIN ISO 11272, Soil quality Determination of dry bulk density DIN EN ISO 23611-6:2013-11 4 DIN
19、 ISO 11274, Soil quality Determination of the water retention characteristics Laboratory methods DIN ISO 11277, Soil quality Determination of particle size distribution in mineral soil material Method by sieving and sedimentation DIN ISO 11461, Soil quality Determination of soil water content as a v
20、olume fraction using coring sleeves Gravimetric method DIN ISO 11465, Soil quality Determination of dry matter and water content on a mass basis Gravimetric method DIN ISO 11466, Soil quality Extraction of trace elements soluble in aqua regia DIN ISO 13878, Soil quality Determination of total nitrog
21、en content by dry combustion (“elemental analysis”) DIN ISO 14869-1, Soil quality Dissolution for the determination of total element content Part 1: Dissolution with hydrofluoric and perchloric acids DIN ISO 15709, Soil quality Soil water and the unsaturated zone Definitions, symbols and theory DIN
22、ISO 15799, Soil quality Guidance on the ecotoxicological characterization of soils and soil materials DIN ISO 17616, Soil quality Guidance on the choice and evaluation of bioassays for ecotoxicological characterization of soils and soil materials EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN
23、ISO 23611-6 July 2013 ICS 13.080.05; 13.080.30 English Version Soil quality - Sampling of soil invertebrates - Part 6: Guidance for the design of sampling programmes with soil invertebrates (ISO 23611-6:2012) Qualit du sol - Prlvement des invertbrs du sol -Partie 6: Lignes directrices pour la concep
24、tion de programmes dchantillonnage des invertbrs du sol(ISO 23611-6:2012) Bodenbeschaffenheit - Probenahme von Wirbellosen im Boden - Teil 6: Anleitung fr die Planung der Probenahme von Wirbellosen im Boden (ISO 23611-6:2012) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 July 2013. CEN members ar
25、e bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to
26、the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Ce
27、ntre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithua
28、nia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
29、 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 23611-6:2013: EContents PageForeword . 3Introduction 41 Scope 52 Normative references . 53 Terms and definitions . 63.1 Soil biology . 63.2 Soil protection 73.3 Methods . 84
30、 Principle . 84.1 General . 84.2 Question to be answered when planning a field study . 95 Objectives of sampling 105.1 General . 105.2 General remarks 105.3 Pre-conditions 115.4 The performance of the site-specific assessment of contaminated land 115.5 The study of potential side effects of anthropo
31、genic impacts . 115.6 The biological classification and assessment of soils in order to determine the biological quality of soils 115.7 Biogeographical monitoring in nature protection or restauration . 126 Samples and sampling points . 126.1 General . 126.2 Sampling patterns . 126.3 Selecting and id
32、entifying the sampling location 136.4 Preparation of the sampling site . 136.5 Further general advice on sampling performance .147 Practical considerations for the biological sampling of soils .147.1 General .147.2 Formal preparations .147.3 Requirements on sampling personnel and safety precautions
33、147.4 Preliminary survey 157.5 Main study .168 Design options for sampling soil invertebrates 168.1 Introduction .168.2 Description of possible sampling strategies .178.3 Recommendations from the European programme ENVASSO (Environmental Assessment of Soil for Monitoring) .219 Sampling report .2310
34、Quality control and quality assurance .24Annex A (informative) Case studies 25Bibliography .41DIN EN ISO 23611-6:2013-11 EN ISO 23611-6:2013 (E) 2 Foreword The text of ISO 23611-6:2012 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190 “Soil quality” of the International Organization for Standardiz
35、ation (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 23611-6:2013 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 345 “Characterization of soils” the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at
36、the latest by January 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any
37、or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republi
38、c of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 23611-6:2012 has been app
39、roved by CEN as EN ISO 23611-6:2013 without any modification. DIN EN ISO 23611-6:2013-11 EN ISO 23611-6:2013 (E) 3 IntroductionThe biodiversity of soil fauna is tremendous. Soil harbours species-rich communities, which regulate ecosystem processes such as organic matter decomposition, nutrient flows
40、 or soil fertility in general, References 40, 45. All terrestrial animal phyla can be found in soils, Reference 16. In addition to thousands of bacterial and fungal “species“, more than 1 000 species of invertebrates in abundances of up to 1,5 million individuals can be found within a square metre o
41、f soil, References 3, 5. This diversity can only be reliably estimated by investigation of the soil community itself, since other parameters like climate are not or only weakly correlated with species richness, Reference 24.The composition of this community, as well as the abundance and biomass of t
42、he individual species and groups is a valuable source of information, since they integrate various abiotic and biotic effects such as soil properties and conditions, climate, competition or biogeographical influences, Reference 68. For this reason, the evaluation of the biodiversity of soil inverteb
43、rate communities becomes more and more important for the classification and assessment of biological soil quality, Reference 51. However, this work is only possible if data collection (i.e. sampling of the soil fauna) is carried out according to standardized methods. For this reason, a number of ISO
44、 guidelines have been prepared covering the sampling of the most important soil organism groups.In the individual parts of ISO 23611, the practical work concerning the respective animal group is described in detail. However, (nearly) nothing is said about how to plan the use of such methods or how t
45、o evaluate the results. Despite the fact that sampling for any field study can be different depending on the individual purpose, guidance is needed for monitoring studies in a legal context. Such studies can include the following: site-specific risk assessment of contaminated land; study of potentia
46、l side effects of anthropogenic impacts (e.g. the application of chemicals or the building of roads); the biological classification and assessment of soils in order to determine the biological quality of soils; long-term biogeographical monitoring in the context of nature protection or restoration,
47、including global change e.g. as in the long-term ecological research project (LTER).Spatial studies focusing on environmental and ecological questions require a carefully designed strategy for collecting data (References 31, 65). Before identifying the optimal design, two issues have to be clarified: what is the objective of the study and what is already known about the survey area? Afterwards, one may select one of the well-known design patterns (e.g. grid sampling, random sampling, clustered sampling or random transects) or prepare a study-s
