1、Juni 2009DEUTSCHE NORM Normenausschuss Erdl- und Erdgasgewinnung (NG) im DINPreisgruppe 32DIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V. Jede Art der Vervielfltigung, auch auszugsweise, nur mit Genehmigung des DIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V., Berlin, gestattet.ICS 75.180.20!$V“1510458www.din.deDDIN E
2、N ISO 25457Erdl-, petrochemiche und Erdgasindustrie Fackeln fr den allgemeinen Betrieb in Raffinerien und petrochemischenService (ISO 25457:2008);Englische Fassung EN ISO 25457:2008Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries Flare details for general refinery and petrochemical service (ISO 2
3、5457:2008);English version EN ISO 25457:2008Industries du ptrole, de la ptrochimie et du gaz naturel Dtails sur les torches dusage gnral dans les raffineries et dans les usinesptrochimiques (ISO 25457:2008);Version anglaise EN ISO 25457:2008Alleinverkauf der Normen durch Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Ber
4、lin www.beuth.deGesamtumfang 127 SeitenDIN EN ISO 25457:2009-06 2 Nationales Vorwort Dieses Dokument (EN ISO 25457:2008) wurde vom Technischen Komitee CEN/TC 12 Materialien, Ausrstungen und Offshore-Bauwerke fr die Erdl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie“ (Sekretariat: AFNOR, Frankreich) erstellt.
5、 Es handelt sich dabei um die unvernderte bernahme von ISO 25457:2008, erarbeitet von ISO/TC 67 Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries“. Fr Deutschland hat hieran der NA 109-00-01 AA Materialien, Ausrstungen und Offshore-Bauwerke fr die E
6、rdl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie“ im Normenausschuss Erdl- und Erdgasgewinnung (NG) mitgearbeitet. Diese Europische Norm enthlt unter Bercksichtigung des DIN-Prsidialbeschlusses 1/2004 nur die englische Originalfassung der EN-ISO-Norm. Diese Norm enthlt neben den gesetzlichen Einheiten auch
7、die Einheiten BTU/h“, BTU/scf“, F“, ft“, in (inch)“, lb“, lb/ft2“, mph“, NPS“, PS (HP)“, und psig“, die im Deutschen Normenwerk nicht zugelassen sind. Es wird jedoch ausdrcklich darauf hingewiesen, dass die Anwendung dieser Einheiten im nationalen amtlichen und geschftlichen Verkehr aufgrund des Ges
8、etzes ber Einheiten im Messwesen nicht zulssig ist. Umrechnung: Nicht-SI-Einheit SI-Einheit Umrechnung BTU/h kJ/h 1 BTU/h = 1,055 kJ/h BTU/scf kJ/Nm31 BTU/scf = 37,25 kJ/Nm3F C C = (5/9) (F 32) ft m 1 ft = 0,304 8 m in (inch) mm 1 inch = 25,4 mm lb (pound) kg 1 lb = 0, 453 592 37 kg lb/ft2kg/m21 lb/
9、ft2= 4,882 kg/m2mph km/h 1 mph = 1,6 km/h NPS DN 1 NPS = DN 25 PS (HP) kW 1 PS = 0,74 kW psig kPa 1 psig = 6,894 757 kPa EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 25457 December 2008 ICS 75.180.20 English Version Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries Flare details for ge
10、neral refinery and petrochemical service (ISO 25457:2008) Industries du ptrole, de la ptrochimie et du gaz naturel Dtails sur les torches dusage gnral dans les raffineries et dans les usines ptrochimiques (ISO 25457:2008) Erdl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie Fackeln fr den allgemeinen Betrieb i
11、n Raffinerien und petrochemischen Service (ISO 25457:2008) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 December 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard with
12、out any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
13、 made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
14、France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE
15、 FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B- 1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 25457:2008: EEN ISO 25457:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword4 Introduction .5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative referen
16、ces 6 3 Terms and definitions .7 4 Design 13 4.1 Introduction. 13 4.2 System design. 14 4.3 Process definition. 15 4.4 Types of flares. 15 4.5 Flare burners. 17 4.6 Mechanical design 17 4.7 Pilots 18 4.8 Pilot-ignition systems 20 4.9 Pilot-flame detection 20 4.10 Piping . 20 4.11 Auxiliary component
17、s 21 5 Mechanical details Elevated flares. 21 5.1 Mechanical design Design loads 21 5.2 Design details 25 5.3 Materials of construction . 26 5.4 Welding 26 5.5 Inspection 27 5.6 Surface preparation and protection 27 5.7 Attachments 27 5.8 Aircraft warning lighting 28 5.9 Platforms and ladders 28 6 M
18、echanical details Enclosed-flame flare .29 6.1 Combustion chamber. 29 6.2 Burners 29 6.3 Burner piping 30 6.4 Pilots 30 6.5 Wind fence. 31 6.6 Radiation shielding. 31 Annex A (informative) Flare equipment overview. 32 A.1 Types of flares and components. 32 A.2 Flare burner. 46 A.3 Pilots 56 A.4 Igni
19、tion equipment 62 A.5 Flame-detection equipment . 72 A.6 Verification test. 76 A.7 Purge-gas conservation seals. 77 A.8 Knockout drums and liquid seals . 79 A.9 Blowers and drivers . 80 A.10 Blower staging and control equipment 84 A.11 Pressure-staging equipment . 88 A.12 Flow and pressure sensing e
20、quipment 92 Annex B (informative) Components of multi-burner staged flare equipment 94 B.1 Burners 94 B.2 Pilots 95 DIN EN ISO 25457:2009-06EN ISO 25457:2008 (E) 3 Page B.3 Ignition equipment 95 B.4 Flame-detection equipment95 B.5 Buoyancy and velocity seals .95 B.6 Manifolds96 B.7 Operations96 B.8
21、Maintenance.96 B.9 Troubleshooting 96 Annex C (informative) Enclosed-flame flares.97 C.1 Purpose 97 C.2 General description.97 C.3 Operating considerations for enclosed-flame flares .104 C.4 Maintenance.108 C.5 Troubleshooting 109 Annex D (informative) Instructions for flare data sheets110 D.1 Intro
22、duction110 D.2 General information forms Instructions.112 D.3 Elevated-flare forms Instructions118 D.4 Enclosed-flare forms Instructions 120 Annex E (informative) Flare data sheets.122 E.1 SI units122 E.2 USC units .122 Bibliography123 DIN EN ISO 25457:2009-06EN ISO 25457:2008 (E) 4 Foreword This do
23、cument (EN ISO 25457:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum and natural gas industries” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 12 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and nat
24、ural gas industries” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by Ju
25、ne 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards org
26、anizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
27、Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 25457:2008 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 25457:2008 without any modification. DIN EN ISO 25457:2009-06EN ISO 25457:2008 (E) 5 Introduction Users of this International Standard sh
28、ould be aware that further or differing requirements may be needed for individual applications. This International Standard is not intended to inhibit a vendor from offering, or the purchaser from accepting, alternative equipment or engineering solutions for the individual application. This may be p
29、articularly applicable where there is innovative or developing technology. Where an alternative is offered, the vendor should identify any variations from this International Standard and provide details. In International Standards, the SI system of units is used. Where practical in this Internationa
30、l Standard, US Customary units are included in brackets for information. A bullet (z) at the beginning of a clause or subclause indicates that either a decision is required or further information is to be provided by the purchaser. This information should be indicated on data sheets (see examples in
31、 Annex E) or stated in the enquiry or purchase order. DIN EN ISO 25457:2009-06EN ISO 25457:2008 (E) 6 1 Scope This International Standard specifies requirements and provides guidance for the selection, design, specification, operation and maintenance of flares and related combustion and mechanical c
32、omponents used in pressure-relieving and vapour-depressurizing systems for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. Although this International Standard is primarily intended for new flares and related equipment, it is also possible to use it to evaluate existing flare facilities. Annexe
33、s A, B and C provide further guidance and best practices for the selection, specification and mechanical details for flares and on the design, operation and maintenance of flare combustion and related equipment. Annex D explains how to use the data sheets provided in Annex E; it is intended that the
34、se data sheets be used to communicate and record design information. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced do
35、cument (including any amendments) applies. ISO 1461, Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles Specifications and test methods ISO 2408:2004, Steel wire ropes for general purposes Minimum requirements ISO 8501-1:2007, Preparation of steel substrates before application of pain
36、ts and related products Visual assessment of surface cleanliness Part 1: Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel substrates and of steel substrates after overall removal of previous coatings ISO 10684, Fasteners Hot dip galvanized coatings ISO 13705:2006, Petroleum, petrochemical and na
37、tural gas industries Fired heaters for general refinery service ISO 15156 (all parts), Petroleum and natural gas industries Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production ISO 23251, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries Pressure-relieving and depressuring sy
38、stems EN 1092-1:2007, Flanges and their joints Circular flanges for pipes, valves, fittings and accessories, PN designated Part 1: Steel flanges EN 10264-2:20021), Steel wire and wire products Steel wire for ropes Part 2: Cold drawn non alloy steel wire for ropes for general applications EN 12385-10
39、, Steel wire ropes Safety Part 10: Spiral ropes for general structural applications API RP 2A WSD:20002), Recommended Practice for Planning, Designing and Constructing Fixed Offshore Platforms Working Stress Design ASME B16.5-20033), Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings 1) Comit Europen de Normalisatio
40、n, 36, rue de Stassart, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. 2) American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005, USA. DIN EN ISO 25457:2009-06EN ISO 25457:2008 (E) 7 ASME STS-1, Steel Stacks ASTM A 123/A123M4), Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and
41、Steel Products ASTM A 143/A143M, Standard Practice for Safeguarding Against Embrittlement of Hot-Dip Galvanized Structural Steel Products and Procedure for Detecting Embrittlement ASTM A 153/A153M, Standard Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware ASTM A 384/A384M, Standar
42、d Practice for Safeguarding Against Warpage and Distortion During Hot-Dip Galvanizing of Steel Assemblies ASTM A 385, Standard Practice for Providing High-Quality Zinc Coatings (Hot-Dip) ASTM A 475-03, Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated Steel Wire Strand ASTM A 586-04, Standard Specification for
43、 Zinc-Coated Parallel and Helical Steel Wire Structural Strand ASTM B 633, Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Zinc on Iron and Steel NACE MR0103:075), Materials Resistant to Sulfide Stress Cracking in Corrosive Petroleum Refining Environments SSPC SP 6/NACE No. 36), Joint Surfac
44、e Preparation Standard: Commercial Blast Cleaning 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 air seal purge reduction device device used to minimize or eliminate the intrusion of air back into the riser from the exit EXAMPLE Buoyancy sea
45、l, orifice seal, velocity seal. 3.2 assist gas fuel gas that is added to relief gas prior to the flare burner or at the point of combustion in order to raise the heating value NOTE In some designs, the assist gas can increase turbulence for improved combustion. 3.3 back blowing procedure by which th
46、e dry air seal drain line is blown back from the base of the drain into the buoyancy seal to ensure the line is clear 3) American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA. 4) American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428
47、-2959, USA. 5) NACE International, P.O. Box 218340, Houston, TX 77218-8340, USA. 6) The Society for Protective Coatings, 40 24th Street, 6th Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4643, USA. DIN EN ISO 25457:2009-06EN ISO 25457:2008 (E) 8 3.4 blowoff loss of a stable flame where the flame is lifted above the b
48、urner, which occurs when the fuel velocity exceeds the flame velocity 3.5 buoyancy seal diffusion seal dry vapour seal that minimizes the required purge gas needed to protect from air infiltration NOTE The buoyancy seal functions by trapping a volume of light gas in an internal inverted compartment
49、that prevents air from displacing buoyant light gas in the flare. 3.6 burnback internal burning within the burner NOTE Burnback can result from air backing down the flare burner at purge or low flaring rates. 3.7 burn-pit flare open excavation, normally equipped with a horizontal flare burner that can handle liquid as well as gaseous hydrocarbons 3.8 burning velocity flame velocity speed at which a flame front travels into an unburned combustible mixture 3.9
