1、January 2010DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 13No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 87.040!$NE“1564334www.
2、din.deDDIN EN ISO 28199-1Paints and varnishes Evaluation of properties of coating systems related to the applicationprocess Part 1: Relevant vocabulary and preparation of test panels(ISO 28199-1:2009)English version of DIN EN ISO 28199-1:2010-01Beschichtungsstoffe Beurteilung applikationsbedingter E
3、igenschaften von Beschichtungssystemen Teil 1: Begriffe und Vorbereitung der Probenplatten (ISO 28199-1:2009)Englische Fassung DIN EN ISO 28199-1:2010-01www.beuth.deDocument comprises 27 pagesDIN EN ISO 28199-1:2010-01 2 National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC
4、 35 “Paints and varnishes”, Subcommittee SC 9 “General test methods for paints and varnishes” (Secretariat: BSI, United Kingdom) in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 139 “Paints and varnishes” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the No
5、rmenausschuss Beschichtungsstoffe und Beschichtungen (Coatings and Coating Materials Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 002-00-07 AA Allgemeine Prfverfahren fr Beschichtungsstoffe und Beschichtungen. The test method specified in ISO 28199 is based on studies by a Working Group of the Europea
6、n Council for Automotive R surface texture; colour in accordance with ISO 7724 (all parts). In combination with visual assessment, the following properties are determined: colour stability, process hiding power, re-dissolving, overspray absorption, wetting, surface texture and mottling (ISO 28199-2)
7、; tendency toward sagging, formation of bubbles, pinholing and hiding power (ISO 28199-3). The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) draws attention to the fact that it is claimed that compliance with this document may involve the use of a patent concerning the locally related measure
8、ments used in Version A in Clauses 8 and 9. ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of this patent right. The holder of this patent right has assured ISO that he is willing to negotiate licences under reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions with applicants th
9、roughout the world. In this respect, the statement of the holder of this patent right is registered with ISO. Information may be obtained from: DuPont Performance Coatings GmbH Postfach 20 02 44 42271 Wuppertal Germany Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document
10、may be the subject of patent rights other than those identified above. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. 4 DIN EN ISO 28199-1:2010-01EN ISO 28199-1:2009 (E)1 Scope This part of ISO 28199 defines terms relating to the evaluation of coating materials in r
11、esearch, development and production with regard to their suitability and safety for industrial processes and error analysis. This part of ISO 28199 specifies methods for the preparation of test panels and the subsequent measurement of film thickness, colour and surface texture. 2 Normative reference
12、s The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 1513, Paints and varnishes Examination and
13、preparation of samples for testing ISO 2808, Paints and varnishes Determination of film thickness ISO 3270, Paints and varnishes and their raw materials Temperatures and humidities for conditioning and testing ISO 7724-1, Paints and varnishes Colorimetry Part 1: Principles ISO 7724-2, Paints and var
14、nishes Colorimetry Part 2: Colour measurement ISO 7724-3, Paints and varnishes Colorimetry Part 3: Calculation of colour differences ISO 15528, Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes Sampling ISO 28199-2, Paints and varnishes Evaluation of properties of coating systems related
15、to the application process Part 2: Colour stability, process hiding power, re-dissolving, overspray absorption, wetting, surface texture and mottling ISO 28199-3, Paints and varnishes Evaluation of properties of coating systems related to the application process Part 3: Visual assessment of sagging,
16、 formation of bubbles, pinholing and hiding power 5 EN ISO 28199-1:2009 (E)DIN EN ISO 28199-1:2010-013 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 bubble closed or already burst blister in a layer, arising when solvents or cleavage products
17、 evaporate too rapidly NOTE If bubbles are caused by the process control and/or the formulation components, the viscosity of the paint film has increased too rapidly during the drying phase so that solvents/reaction products still in the paint film have built up at the polymer paint skin which forms
18、, usually resulting in closed blisters and sometimes resulting in burst blisters. 3.2 bubble formation limit first appearance of continuous bubbles in the measuring area NOTE A single bubble does not define the bubble formation limit. Bubbles at the edge of the measuring area and in the perforated a
19、rea of the panel (see Figure 2) should not be taken into account. 3.3 colour stability non-variability, or variability within agreed tolerances, of colour despite variation of influencing factors NOTE Examples of influencing factors are thickness and application method. 3.4 cratering formation in a
20、film of small circular depressions that persist after drying ISO 4618:2006 NOTE 1 Craters can extend as far as the next lower layer. NOTE 2 Craters are caused by local inhomogeneities in the surface tension of the coating, most frequently due to incompatible contamination substances on the substrate
21、, in the applied coating material or in the form of foreign particles or small oil drops. 3.5 locally related measurements measurements of film thickness and optical surface property which are taken at the same point, i.e. within a radius of 10 mm 3.6 locally unrelated measurements measurements of f
22、ilm thickness and optical surface property which are not taken at the same point, i.e. within a radius of W 10 mm 3.7 minimum film-build lowest thickness at which a coating material forms a continuous film on a substrate 3.8 mottling non-uniform appearance of a film caused by presence of irregularly
23、 shaped, randomly distributed areas on the surface that vary in colour and/or gloss ISO 4618:2006 6 DIN EN ISO 28199-1:2010-01EN ISO 28199-1:2009 (E)3.9 overspray absorption ability of a coating material already applied to absorb dried overspray particles of the same coating material resulting from
24、a subsequent application NOTE Evidence of poor overspray absorption is shown, for example, by raised surface texture and low colour stability as well as mottling. 3.10 pinholing presence of small holes in a film resembling those made by a pin ISO 4618:2006 NOTE Pinholes can be caused by gas inclusio
25、ns in the base coat which burst after the application of the clear coat and leave a hole both in the clear coat and base coat. They are often the result of inappropriate process parameters. Pinholes are often confused with craters. 3.11 pinholing limit first appearance of pinholing in the measuring
26、area NOTE A single pinhole does not define the pinholing limit. Pinholes at the edge of the measuring area and in the perforated area of the panel (see Figure 2) should not be taken into account. 3.12 process hiding power minimum thickness above which the complete coating system in combination with
27、the colour of the substrate (e.g. the colour of the priming coat) provides colour stability and represents the lower limit of the film thickness range of the serial coating plant NOTE See also “hiding power”, defined in ISO 4618:2006 as “ability of a coating material or a coating to obliterate the c
28、olour or the differences in colour of a substrate”. 3.13 re-dissolving mutual effect of an already applied coating material on a subsequently applied coating material, in which the solvent of the later coating interacts with the already dried previous coating NOTE The interaction could be evidenced
29、by a change in colour. 3.14 sagging downward movement of a coating material during drying in a vertical or an inclined position that results in irregularities in the dry coat ISO 4618:2006 3.15 static spray pattern distribution of the coating material after spray application using defined parameters
30、, with both coated object and spray application system at rest NOTE See Figure 1. 7 EN ISO 28199-1:2009 (E)DIN EN ISO 28199-1:2010-01Key X width of the test panel Y length of the test panel Figure 1 Static spray pattern 3.16 surface texture visual appearance and visible texture in the surface 8 DIN
31、EN ISO 28199-1:2010-01EN ISO 28199-1:2009 (E)NOTE The surface texture depends on the topographic characterization, the observation distance and the image clarity of the surface. In the case of the so-called “orange peel” texture which can occur with automotive paints, the range of the wavelength of
32、the surface waviness is between 0,1 mm and 30 mm. Typically, two ranges are used in this part of ISO 28199: a) short-wavelength range: 0,3 mm to 1,2 mm; b) long-wavelength range: 1,2 mm to 12 mm. The surface texture is, for example, influenced by the levelling (as defined in ISO 4618) of the still-l
33、iquid coating as well as the substrate. 3.17 wetting complete coverage of a substrate by a coating material 4 Principle The coating material to be tested is applied to a test panel in the form of a wedge. Various optical properties are measured by an appropriate procedure dependent on the film thick
34、ness. 5 Apparatus Ordinary laboratory apparatus and the following. 5.1 Programmable automatic painting machine, used to coat the specified test panels according to the procedure and accuracy specified in this part of ISO 28199. In order to achieve this, at least the following features of the machine
35、 shall be separately adjustable or changeable: spray gun; fan air (pressure- or volume-controlled); atomizer air (pressure- or volume-controlled); flow rate; distance to the object; feed speed of atomizer; pitch between traverses of machine. The quality of the film thickness profiles (wedge-shaped o
36、r constant) produced has a decisive influence on the reproducibility and repeatability of the results obtained when using this procedure, and the application parameters should therefore be as close as possible to those of the process to be simulated. NOTE 1 Examples of suitable application parameter
37、s are given in Annex A, Table A.1. Unless otherwise agreed, the wedge-shaped coating shall be applied in two spraying stages using identical application parameters. NOTE 2 The wedge can be produced either purely pneumatically or with pneumatic-electrostatic support. 9 EN ISO 28199-1:2009 (E)DIN EN I
38、SO 28199-1:2010-015.2 Data-recording device(s). The data-recording device(s) shall be suitable for the reproducible determination of the following characteristics for the coated test panels, using a set measurement pattern chosen in accordance with 9.4.1: film thickness; surface texture; colour. It
39、is preferable that an automatic system be used for recording the measured data. 6 Calibration Calibrate the measuring instruments and the data-recording device(s) in accordance with the specifications of the manufacturer. 7 Sampling Take a representative sample of the product to be investigated, in
40、accordance with ISO 15528. Examine and prepare each sample for testing, in accordance with ISO 1513. 8 Test panels 8.1 Substrate Unless otherwise agreed, use either: a) Version A: perforated panel (see Figure 2) of dimensions 300 mm 570 mm 0,75 mm; NOTE The perforation is needed for the determinatio
41、n of sagging only. or b) Version B: panel (see Figure 2) of dimensions 200 mm 500 mm 0,75 mm. For testing the surface texture, only metal panels of defined surface profile (roughness) as agreed between interested parties shall be used. 8.2 Preparation of the test panel Ensure the test panel is free
42、from foreign matter. Prepare the test panel for coating in accordance with one of the examples given in Figure 2. 10 DIN EN ISO 28199-1:2010-01EN ISO 28199-1:2009 (E)Dimensions in millimetres Example 1 (Version A) Test panel before masking Test panel after masking Key 1 holes of diameter 7 mm 2 coil
43、-coated metal panel Key 1 adhesive tape, width 30 mm (reference strip 1) 2 adhesive tape, width 19 mm (reference strip 2) 3 contrast strip, width 20 mm (black/white strip) Figure 2 Examples of test panels 11 EN ISO 28199-1:2009 (E)DIN EN ISO 28199-1:2010-01Dimensions in millimetresExample 2 (Version
44、 B) Test panel after masking Key 1 adhesive tape, width 30 mm (reference strip 1) 2 adhesive tape, width 19 mm (reference strip 2) 3 surfacer-coated metal panel Figure 2 (continued) 8.3 Coating of the test panel 8.3.1 General The parameters for the application of the coating materials to be tested (
45、air temperature and humidity, flash-off and drying/curing times, drying/curing temperatures) are directly related to the coating process to be simulated. Further parameters (atomizer type, air cap, fan air, atomizer air and flow rates) shall be established by trial in order to simulate the industria
46、l process as closely as possible. Test these chosen parameters using a static spray pattern. The desired film thickness should preferably be achieved by controlling the feed speed of the atomizer. Coat the test panel in accordance with the procedure in 8.3.2 or 8.3.3. 12 DIN EN ISO 28199-1:2010-01EN
47、 ISO 28199-1:2009 (E)8.3.2 Version A (perforated panel) Apply a 30 mm wide strip of adhesive tape on the test panel at the upper edge (Figure 2, example 1, reference strip 1). Keep this in place until the final coat has been applied. Apply two 19 mm wide adhesive tapes parallel to the longer side of
48、 the test panel (Figure 2, example 1, reference strip 2). Apply the base coat. Pull off the two 19 mm wide adhesive tapes (reference strip 2). Apply the clear coat. Pull off the 30 mm wide adhesive tape (reference strip 1). Allow each coat to dry/cure in accordance with the time specified by the man
49、ufacturer for the individual product. 8.3.3 Version B (non-perforated panel) 8.3.3.1 Version B1 with reference strip Apply on the right side of the test panel a 30 mm wide strip of adhesive tape (Figure 2, example 2, reference strip 1) and a 19 mm wide strip of adhesive tape (Figure 2, example 2, reference strip 2). Apply the base coat and then pull off the 19 mm wide adhesive tape (reference strip 2). Apply the clear coat and then pull off the 30 mm wide adhesive tape (reference strip 1). Allow each
