1、October 2012 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 9No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS
2、 85.080.30!$wB“1918431www.din.deDDIN ISO 11093-7Paper and board Testing of cores Part 7: Determination of flexural modulus by the three-point method(ISO 11093-7:2011),English translation of DIN ISO 11093-7:2012-10Papier und Pappe Prfung von Wickelkernen aus Hlsenkarton Teil 7: Bestimmung des Elastiz
3、ittsmoduls mit dem Drei-Punkt-Verfahren(ISO 11093-7:2011),Englische bersetzung von DIN ISO 11093-7:2012-10Papier et carton Essais des mandrins Partie 7: Dtermination du module de flexion par la mthode trois points(ISO 11093-7:2011),Traduction anglaise de DIN ISO 11093-7:2012-10SupersedesDIN ISO 1109
4、3-7:1998-03www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.1109.12 A comma is used as the decimal marker. Contents Page National foreword .3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms
5、and definitions .5 4 Principle 5 5 Apparatus .6 5.1 Test-piece support .6 5.2 Measuring device .6 5.3 Load 7 6 Test piece .8 6.1 Sampling .8 6.2 Test-piece size .8 6.3 Conditioning .8 7 Procedure .8 7.1 General 8 7.2 Positioning of bearings and measuring device 9 7.3 Application of loading .9 7.4 De
6、termination .9 8 Calculation of the flexural modulus .9 9 Estimation of required force 10 10 Test report . 10 Bibliography . 11 2 DIN ISO 11093-7:2012-10 National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 6 “Paper, board and pulps” (Secretariat: SCC, Canada), Working Gro
7、up WG 7 “Cores for reels of paper” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Papier, Pappe und Faserstoff (Paper, Board and Pulps Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 074-01-41 AA Zylindrische Wickelkerne aus Papier und Pappe f
8、r Flchengebilde. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. DIN ISO 11093 consists of the following parts, under the general title Paper and boa
9、rd Testing of cores: Part 1: Sampling Part 2: Conditioning of test samples Part 3: Determination of moisture content using the oven drying method Part 4: Measurement of dimensions Part 5: Determination of characteristics of concentric rotation Part 6: Determination of bending strength by the three-p
10、oint method Part 7: Determination of flexural modulus by the three-point method Part 8: Determination of natural frequency and flexural modulus by experimental modal analysis Part 9: Determination of flat crush resistance Amendments This standard differs from DIN ISO 11093-7:1998-03 as follows: a) t
11、he standard has been brought in line with the current rules of presentation; b) in the main element of the German version the term Hlse has been replaced by Wickelkern (core); c) as the effect of transverse frame on deflection is so low with usual reel core measurements that it can be neglected give
12、n the usual variation in materials, the Timoshenko factor has been deleted along with the corresponding equation; d) the text of ISO 11093-7:2011 has been adopted without any modification. Previous editions DIN ISO 11093-7: 1998-03 3 DIN ISO 11093-7:2012-10 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliograp
13、hy DIN ISO 11093-1, Paper and board Testing of cores Part 1: Sampling DIN ISO 11093-2, Paper and board Testing of cores Part 2: Conditioning of test samples DIN ISO 11093-3, Paper and board Testing of cores Part 3: Determination of moisture content using the oven-dry method DIN ISO 11093-8, Paper an
14、d board Testing of cores Part 8: Determination of natural frequency and flexural modulus by experimental modal analysis 4 DIN ISO 11093-7:2012-10 1 ScopeThis part of ISO 11093 specifies a method for the determination, by the three-point method, of the flexural modulus of cylindrical paper and board
15、cores which meet the following criteria: internal diameter: 50 mm to 350 mm; minimum wall thickness: 0,05 internal diameter, but not less than 10,0 mm; minimum length of core: 10 internal diameter, but not less than 1 000 mm.If the flexural modulus has to be used for the calculation of a paper cores
16、 natural frequency, ISO 11093-82applies instead of this International Standard.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the refe
17、renced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 11093-1, Paper and board Testing of cores Part 1: SamplingISO 11093-3, Paper and board Testing of cores Part 3: Determination of moisture content using the oven drying method3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following
18、 terms and definitions apply.3.1flexural modulusEmaterial property which, together with core dimensions, describes the resistance of the core to traction or bending deflection4 PrincipleIn order to determine the flexural modulus, a static bending test is conducted on the test piece. The test piece i
19、s considered as a “beam” and the classic beam theory for the deflection of “slender beams” is applied. During the test, the test piece is supported at its ends and loaded transversally by a load applied by a hanging weight. Special measures are undertaken to avoid permanent deformation of the test p
20、iece and to ensure the validity of the equation, used for calculation.The flexural modulus is calculated as described in Clause 8.flexural modulus by the three-point method Paper and board Testing of cores Part 7: Determination of 5 N1)N1) National footnote: DIN ISO 11093-8 applies accordingly (see
21、National Annex NA). DIN ISO 11093-7:2012-10 5 Apparatus5.1 Test-piece supportThe test piece is supported at each end by two rolls arranged like a vee, referred to as the lower bearings (see Figure 1). The angle between the two rolls shall be 120 2. The diameter a of the rolls shall be (30 1) mm. The
22、 width b shall be large enough to allow the test piece to rest on the lateral surface area of the rolls. At an angle of 120, the theoretical minimum value of b is half the outer diameter D of the core.Dimensions in millimetresFigure 1 Schematic drawing of the bearings5.2 Measuring deviceThe measurin
23、g device consists of two rolls arranged like a vee, referred to as the upper bearings, a support bar on which the upper bearings are mounted, and a displacement gauge. The lower and upper bearings are arranged with mirror-image symmetry. The measuring device is placed on the test piece.The change in
24、 deflection f of the test piece is measured in the direction of the applied force using a displacement gauge (see Figure 2).If a material-testing machine is used to apply the load (see 5.3), it may also be used to measure the deflection of the test piece. It shall be accurate to 0,01 mm.The toleranc
25、es of the distances and the force F are defined in Clause 7.6 DIN ISO 11093-7:2012-10 Dimensions in millimetresKey1 lower bearing2 upper bearing3 test piece4 support bar5 dial gaugeF load (force)L0length of test piece, length of paper coreL centre-to-centre distance of the lower bearingsl centre-to-
26、centre distance of the upper bearingsFigure 2 Schematic drawing of the measuring set-up5.3 LoadThe magnitude of the load to be used in the test can be estimated using Equation (2). The load F is applied to the test piece by a belt loaded with hanging weights. The width of the belt shall be approxima
27、tely 50 mm (see Figure 3). The belt shall have an opening to allow the shaft of the displacement gauge to rest on the test piece.7 DIN ISO 11093-7:2012-10 Figure 3 Schematic drawing of the loading systemAlternatively, the load can be applied by a testing machine capable of applying the load using a
28、displacement rate of (10 0,1) mm/min and measuring the load to an accuracy of 0,1 N.6 Test piece6.1 SamplingSamples shall be taken in accordance with ISO 11093-1.6.2 Test-piece sizePrepare at least five test pieces such that their lengths L0are 10 times the internal diameter of the paper or board co
29、re. If the calculated length is less than 1 000 mm, the test piece length shall be (1 000 2) mm.6.3 ConditioningIn practice, the test piece shall be dried such that the moisture content measured in accordance with ISO 11093-3 shall be equal to that specified for the lot.7 Procedure7.1 GeneralCarry o
30、ut the test under the same atmospheric conditions as those used to condition the test piece.The cores outer and inner diameter, D and d respectively, shall be determined with an accuracy of 0,1 mm.8 DIN ISO 11093-7:2012-10 7.2 Positioning of bearings and measuring deviceThe length of the test piece
31、L0shall be determined with an accuracy of 1 mm. The test piece shall be centred on the lower bearings with a tolerance of 2 mm.Position the lower bearings such that their centre-to-centre distance L is 300 mm less than the length of the test piece L0and the upper bearings such that their centre-to-c
32、entre distance l is 600 mm less than the length of the test piece, each with an accuracy of 2 mm.The centres of the lower and upper bearings, and the positions of the displacement gauge and the application of force in the direction of the test pieces axis shall be centred with respect to the centre
33、of the test piece to an accuracy of 2 mm.The displacement gauge is positioned centrally on the test piece. The displacement gauge is vertically attached on a support bar. The deflection is measured on the upper side of the test piece.7.3 Application of loadingApply the load F by hanging an appropria
34、te weight on the belt which is placed at the midpoint of the measuring length L of the test piece (see Figure 3). The hanging weight shall be applied slowly.Alternatively, the loading can be applied in a material-testing machine. The loading rate (rate of advance) shall be 10 mm/min.The load shall b
35、e such that the deflection f is between 0,20 mm and 0,70 mm (see Clause 9).7.4 DeterminationIf the load is applied by a hanging weight, within 2 s after application of the loading, the deflection recorded by the displacement gauge shall be read. If the load is applied by a material-testing machine,
36、determine the load required to produce a deflection f between 0,20 mm and 0,70 mm. By applying the values F, L, l and f to be used in Equation (1), the flexural modulus for each test piece shall be calculated.Repeat 7.2 to 7.4 for additional test pieces.8 Calculation of the flexural modulusThe flexu
37、ral modulus E, or Youngs modulus, is calculated according to Equation (1), which is developed from the bending theory for slender beams.EFl L lf D d=( )( )2 3324 4pi(1)whereF is the applied transversal load on the test piece, expressed in newtons; the load shall be positioned in such a way that the
38、deflection f lies between 0,20 mm and 0,70 mm;L is the centre-to-centre distance of the lower bearings, expressed in millimetres;l is the centre-to-centre distance of the upper bearings, expressed in millimetres;f is the difference, expressed in millimetres, between the loaded and unloaded deflectio
39、n measured in the direction of the applied load;D is the external diameter of the core, expressed in millimetres;d is the internal diameter of the core, expressed in millimetres.9 DIN ISO 11093-7:2012-10 The flexural modulus shall be specified in newtons per square millimetre, to the nearest integer
40、.EXAMPLE F = 200 N, L = 1 700 mm, l = 1 400 mm, f = 0,54 mm, D = 106 mm, d = 76 mm.The calculation using Equation (1) gives: E = 6 136 N/mm2.9 Estimation of required forceOn the assumption of a deflection of about 0,5 mm and an assumed flexural modulus Eass, the required load F, in newtons, can be a
41、pproximately calculated using Equation (2):F ED dl L l 320 534 42pi,( )( )ass(2)whereEassis the assumed value for the flexural modulus, expressed in newtons per square millimetre;D, d, L and l are defined after Equation (1).EXAMPLE Eass= 6 000 N/mm2, L = 1 700 mm, l = 1 400 mm, D = 106 mm, d = 76 mm
42、.The calculation using Equation (2) gives: F 181 N.10 Test reportThe test report shall include the following information:a) a reference to this part of ISO 11093;b) type and designation of the cores tested;c) place and date of sampling;d) place and date of testing;e) number of test pieces tested;f)
43、measured moisture content;g) core dimensions L0, D and d;h) L, l (actual sizes), F and f;i) individual and mean values for E;j) whether the load was applied with a hanging weight or a material-testing machine;k) any deviation from this part of ISO 11093 that may have affected the results.10 DIN ISO 11093-7:2012-10 Bibliography1 ISO 11093-2, Paper and board Testing of cores Part 2: Conditioning of test samples2 ISO 11093-8, Paper and board Testing of cores Part 8: Determination of natural frequency and flexural modulus by experimental modal analysis11 DIN ISO 11093-7:2012-10
