1、September 2014 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 14No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).
2、ICS 13.040.20!%:X“2235853www.din.deDDIN ISO 16000-31Indoor air Part 31: Measurement of flame retardants and plasticizers based onorganophosphorus compounds Phosphoric acid ester (ISO 16000-31:2014),English translation of DIN ISO 16000-31:2014-09Innenraumluftverunreinigungen Teil 31: Bestimmung von F
3、lammschutzmitteln und Weichmachern auf der Basisphosphororganischer Verbindungen Phosphorsureester (ISO 16000-31:2014),Englische bersetzung von DIN ISO 16000-31:2014-09Air intrieur Partie 31: Mesurage des ignifugeants bass sur des composs organophosphors Ester dacide phosphorique (ISO 16000-31:2014)
4、,Traduction anglaise de DIN ISO 16000-31:2014-09www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.This standard has been included in the VDI/DIN Handbook on air quality, Volume 5. Document comprises 31 pages 08.14 DIN ISO 16000-31:2014-09 2 A comma is used
5、as the decimal marker. Contents Page National foreword .3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography 6 Introduction .9 1 Scope . 10 2 Normative references . 10 3 Occurrence 10 4 Indoor air . 12 5 Test chamber air . 15 6 Calibration . 17 7 Identification and quantification . 20 8 Performance charac
6、teristics . 23 9 Quality assurance . 23 10 Interferences . 23 Annex A (informative) Nomenclature and physical characteristics 25 Annex B (informative) Example chromatograms for standard solutions . 28 Bibliography . 30 DIN ISO 16000-31:2014-09 3 National foreword International technical regulation p
7、ertaining to indoor air This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146 “Air quality”, Subcommittee SC 6 “Indoor air”, Working Group WG 18 “Flame retardants” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Kommission Reinhaltung der Luft
8、 (KRdL) im VDI und DIN Normenausschuss (Commission on Air Pollution Prevention of VDI and DIN Standards Committee), Section IV Umweltmesstechnik. General and substance-specific aspects which should be taken into account before or during measurements, as well as methods for determining individual sub
9、stances or substance groups, and microorganisms in indoor air are described in the various parts of ISO 16000. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in Clause 2 of this standard are as follows: ISO 16000-1 DIN EN ISO 16000-1 ISO 16000-3 DIN ISO 16000-3 ISO 16000-
10、13 DIN ISO 16000-13 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. DIN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. National technical regulation pertaining to indoor air General conditions and oth
11、er aspects to be taken into consideration when planning indoor air measurements are described for individual substances and substance groups in the VDI 4300 series (see also “National Annex NA”). Many of these served as the sole basis for parts of the ISO 16000 series (e.g. ISO 16000-1, ISO 16000-2,
12、 ISO 16000-5, ISO 16000-7, ISO 16000-12, ISO 16000-15, ISO 16000-16, ISO 16000-17, ISO 16000-18 and ISO 16000-26). The specific procedures (sampling, analysis) are described in the VDI 4301 series for individual substances and substance groups. Methods which can be used for both indoor and ambient a
13、ir measurements are described in further VDI guidelines. The DIN ISO 16000 series and DIN EN ISO 16000 series consist of the following parts, under the general title Indoor air: DIN EN ISO 16000-1, General aspects of sampling strategy DIN EN ISO 16000-2, Sampling strategy for formaldehyde DIN ISO 16
14、000-3, Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in indoor air and test chamber air Active sampling method DIN ISO 16000-4, Determination of formaldehyde Diffusive sampling method DIN EN ISO 16000-5, Sampling strategy for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) DIN ISO 16000-6, Determinat
15、ion of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test chamber air by active sampling on Tenax TA, thermal desorption and gas chromatography using MS or MS-FID DIN EN ISO 16000-7, Sampling strategy for determination of airborne asbestos fibre concentrations DIN ISO 16000-8, Determination of local mean
16、 ages of air in buildings for characterizing ventilation conditions DIN ISO 16000-31:2014-09 4 DIN EN ISO 16000-9, Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and furnishing Emission test chamber method DIN EN ISO 16000-10, Determination of the emission of vola
17、tile organic compounds from building products and furnishing Emission test cell method DIN EN ISO 16000-11, Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and furnishing Sampling, storage of samples and preparation of test specimens DIN EN ISO 16000-12, Sampling s
18、trategy for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) DIN ISO 16000-13, Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinate
19、d dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) Collection on sorbent-backed filters DIN ISO 16000-14, Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) Extraction, clean-up and analysis by h
20、igh-resolution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry DIN EN ISO 16000-15, Sampling strategy for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) DIN ISO 16000-16, Detection and enumeration of moulds Sampling by filtration DIN ISO 16000-17, Detection and enumeration of moulds Culture-based method DIN ISO 16000-18, Detection an
21、d enumeration of moulds Sampling by impaction DIN ISO 16000-19, Sampling strategy for moulds DIN ISO 16000-21, Detection and enumeration of moulds Sampling from materials DIN ISO 16000-23, Performance test for evaluating the reduction of formaldehyde concentrations by sorptive building materials DIN
22、 ISO 16000-24, Performance test for evaluating the reduction of volatile organic compounds and carbonyl compounds without formaldehyde concentrations by sorptive building materials DIN ISO 16000-25, Determination of the emission of semi-volatile organic compounds by building products Micro-chamber m
23、ethod DIN EN ISO 16000-26, Sampling strategy for carbon dioxide (CO2) DIN ISO 16000-28, Determination of odour emissions from building products using test chambers DIN ISO 16000-29, Test methods for VOC detectors DIN ISO 16000-30, Sensory testing of indoor air DIN ISO 16000-31, Measurement of flame
24、retardants and plasticizers based on organophosphorus compounds Phosphoric acid ester DIN EN ISO 16000-32, Investigation of buildings for the occurrence of pollutants The following parts are under preparation: DIN ISO 16000-20, Detection and enumeration of moulds Determination of total spore count D
25、IN ISO 16000-31:2014-09 5 DIN ISO 16000-27, Standard method for the quantitative analysis of asbestos fibres in settled dust The following part is planned: DIN ISO 16000-22, Detection and enumeration of moulds Molecular methods DIN ISO 16000-31:2014-09 6 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography
26、DIN V ENV 13005, Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement DIN EN 14412, Indoor air quality Diffusive samplers for the determination of concentrations of gases and vapours Guide for selection, use and maintenance DIN EN ISO 5492, Sensory analysis Vocabulary DIN EN ISO 8199, Water quality
27、 General guidance on the enumeration of microorganisms by culture DIN EN ISO 8589, Sensory analysis General guidance for the design of test rooms DIN EN ISO 9169, Air quality Definition and determination of performance characteristics of an automatic measuring system DIN ISO 12219-1, Indoor air of r
28、oad vehicles Part 1: Whole vehicle test chamber Specification and method for the determination of volatile organic compounds in cabin interiors DIN ISO 12219-2, Indoor air of road vehicles Part 2: Screening method for the determination of the emissions of volatile organic compounds from vehicle inte
29、rior parts and materials Bag method DIN ISO 12219-3, Indoor air of road vehicles Part 3: Screening method for the determination of the emissions of volatile organic compounds from vehicle interior parts and materials Micro-scale chamber method DIN ISO 12219-4, Indoor air of road vehicles Part 4: Scr
30、eening method for the determination of the emissions of volatile organic compounds from vehicle interior parts and materials Small chamber method DIN ISO 12219-5, Indoor air of road vehicles Part 5: Screening method for the determination of the emissions of volatile organic compounds from vehicle in
31、terior parts and materials Static chamber method DIN ISO 12884, Ambient air Determination of total (gas and particle phase) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Collection on sorbent-backed filters with gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis DIN EN ISO 16017-1, Indoor, ambient and workplace air
32、 Sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds by sorbent tube/thermal desorption/capillary gas chromatography Part 1: Pumped sampling DIN EN ISO 16017-2, Indoor, ambient and workplace air Sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds by sorbent tube/thermal desorption/capillary gas chro
33、matography Part 2: Diffusive sampling DIN ISO 16362, Ambient air Determination of particle-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by high performance liquid chromatography DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories VDI 2464 Part 1, Ambient a
34、ir measurement Indoor air measurement Measurement of polychlorinated biphynyls (PCBs) GC/MS method for PCB 28, 52, 101, 138, 153, 180 VDI 2464 Part 2, Ambient air measurement Indoor air measurement Measurement of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) HR-GC/HR-MS method for coplanar PCBs DIN ISO 16000-31:
35、2014-09 7 VDI 2464 Part 3, Ambient air measurement Indoor air measurement Measurement of polybrominated diphenylether, hexabromocyclododecane and hexabromobenzene by GC/MS VDI 3484 Part 1, Gaseous ambient air measurements Indoor-air pollution measurements Test gases measurements Measurement of the f
36、ormaldehyde concentration with the sulfite pararosaniline method VDI 3484 Part 2, Gaseous ambient air measurements Indoor-air pollution measurements Measurement of the formaldehyde concentration with the acetylacetone method VDI 3498 Part 1, Ambient air measurement Indoor air measurement Measurement
37、 of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans Method using large filters VDI 3498 Part 2, Ambient air measurement Indoor air measurement Measurement of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans Method using small filters VDI 4252 Part 2, Measurement of airborne microorganisms and
38、 viruses in ambient air Active sampling of bioaerosols Separation of airborne mould on gelatine/polycarbonate filters VDI 4253 Part 2, Measurement of airborne microorganisms and viruses in ambient air Culture based method for the determination of the concentration of mould in air Indirect method aft
39、er sampling with gelatine/polycarbonate filters VDI 4300 Part 1, Indoor-air pollution measurement General aspects of measurement strategy VDI 4300 Part 2, Indoor-air pollution measurement Measurement strategy for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), pol
40、ychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) VDI 4300 Part 4, Indoor air pollution measurement Measurement strategy for pentachlorophenol (PCP) and -hexachlorocyclohexane (lindane) in indoor air VDI 4300 Part 5, Indoor air pollution measurement Measurement strategy for nit
41、rogen dioxide (NO2) VDI 4300 Part 6, Measurement of indoor air pollution Measurement strategy for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) VDI 4300 Part 7, Indoor-air pollution measurement Measurement of indoor air change rate VDI 4300 Part 8, Measurement of indoor air pollution Sampling of house dust VDI
42、4300 Part 9, Measurement of indoor air pollution Measurement strategy for carbon dioxide (CO2) VDI 4300 Part 10, Measurement of indoor air pollution Measurement strategies for determination of mould fungi in indoor environment VDI 4300 Part 11, Measurement of indoor air pollution Measurement strateg
43、ies for determination of airborne particles in indoor environment PM2,5-fraction VDI 4301 Part 1, Indoor air pollution measurement Determination of the concentration of nitrogen dioxide Manual photometric method (Saltzman) VDI 4301 Part 2, Indoor air pollution measurement Measurement of pentachlorop
44、henol (PCP) and -hexachlorocyclohexane (lindane) GC/MS-method VDI 4301 Part 3, Measurement of indoor air pollution Measurement of pentachlorophenol (PCP) and -hexachlorocyclohexane (lindane) GC/ECD method VDI 4301 Part 4, Measurement of indoor air pollution Measurement of pyrethroids and piperonyl b
45、utoxide in air, house dust and solvent wipe samples DIN ISO 16000-31:2014-09 8 VDI 4301 Part 5, Measurement of indoor air pollution Measurement of flame retardants and plasticizers based on phosphor organic compounds Phosphoric acid ester VDI 4301 Part 6, Measurement of indoor air pollution Measurem
46、ent of phthalates with GC/MS The following VDI Guidelines are under preparation: VDI 4301 Part 7, Measurement of indoor air pollution Measurement of carboxylic acids VDI 2464 Part 4, Ambient air measurement Indoor air measurement Measurement of persistent, semi-volatile organic halogen compounds Int
47、roductionIn general terms, phosphoric acid esters are formed by the reaction of alcohols or phenols with phosphoryl chloride (POCl3). A distinction is made between mono-, di-, and triesters (see Figure 1). The triesters with aryl and alkyl groups, as well as with mixed halogenated and halogen-free e
48、ster groups serve as plasticizers and flame retardants in plastics and varnishes. Parallel therewith, phosphoric acid esters are incorporated in hardeners and accelerants, in mordant and adhesion boosting agents, and serve as cleaning, corrosion inhibition, and adhesion-facilitating substances by the treatment of metal
