1、September 2017English price group 18No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 17.180.30!%mPi“2744570www.din.d
2、eDIN ISO 17123-1Optics and optical instruments Field procedures for testing geodetic and surveying instruments Part 1: Theory (ISO 171231:2014),English translation of DIN ISO 17123-1:2017-09Optik und optische Instrumente Feldprfverfahren geodtischer Instrumente Teil 1: Theorie (ISO 171231:2014),Engl
3、ische bersetzung von DIN ISO 17123-1:2017-09Optique et instruments doptique Mthodes dessai sur site pour les instruments godsiques et dobservations Partie 1: Thorie (ISO 171231:2014),Traduction anglaise de DIN ISO 17123-1:2017-09SupersedesDIN 187231:199007www.beuth.deDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendien
4、st.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 46 pages09.17 DIN ISO 17123-1:2017-09 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. Contents Page National foreword . 3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography 5 Foreword 6 Introduction 7 1 Scope 8
5、 2 Normative references 8 3 Terms and definitions . 8 3.1 General metrological terms . 8 3.2 Terms specific to this part of ISO 17123 10 3.3 The term “uncertainty” 12 3.4 Symbols 13 4 Evaluating uncertainty of measurement . 15 4.1 General . 15 4.2 Type A evaluation of standard uncertainty 16 4.3 Typ
6、e B evaluation of standard uncertainty 25 4.4 Law of propagation of uncertainty and combined standard uncertainty 26 4.5 Expanded uncertainty 28 5 Reporting uncertainty 29 6 Summarized concept of uncertainty evaluation . 29 7 Statistical tests 30 7.1 General . 30 7.2 Question a): is the experimental
7、 standard deviation, s, smaller than or equal to a given value ? 30 7.3 Question b): Do two samples belong to the same population? 31 7.4 Question c) respectively question d):Testing the significance of a parameter yk. 31 Annex A (informative) Probability distributions 33 Annex B (normative) 2distri
8、bution, Fishers distribution and Students t-distribution 34 Annex C (informative) Examples . 35 Bibliography . 46 DIN ISO 17123-1:2017-09 3 National foreword International Standard ISO 17123-1:2014, Optics and optical instruments Field procedures for testing geodetic and surveying instruments Part 1
9、: Invar levelling staffs, has been adopted in this standard without any modification. This document has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 172 “Optics and photonics”, Subcommittee SC 6 “Geodetic and surveying instruments” (Secretariat: SNV, Switzerland). The responsible German body involved
10、 in its preparation was DIN-Normenausschuss Bauwesen (DIN Standards Committee Building and Civil Engineering), Working Committee NA 005-03-04 AA “Geodetic and surveying instruments (national Mirror Committee to ISO/TC 172/SC 6)”. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of thi
11、s document may be the subject of patent rights. DIN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 17123 consists of the following parts, under the general title Optics and optical instruments Field procedures for testing geodetic and surveying instruments: Part 1:
12、Theory Part 2: Levels Part 3: Theodolites Part 4: Electro-optical distance meters (EDM measurements to reflectors) Part 5: Total stations Part 6: Rotating lasers Part 7: Optical plumbing instruments Part 8: GNSS field measurement systems in real-time kinematic (RTK) Part 9: Terrestrial laser scanner
13、s (in preparation) Part 10: Non-prism measurement (reflector less distance measurements by total stations) (in preparation) It is intended to adopt all ISO Standards of ISO/TC 172/SC 6 as German national standards. The first edition of ISO 17123-1 was based on DIN 18723-1 which only defines the deri
14、vative of a standard deviation for the mean of a series of measurements and the specification of the level of confidence. Following several revisions of ISO 17123-1, the third edition is more detailed and shows the overall concept considering the following factors: arbitrary interferences, general f
15、unctional relationships with the target value, correlations and different distributions. The overall concept also considers the summary of different influencing factors. DIN ISO 17123-1:2017-09 4 ISO 17123-1 specifies the structure of the evaluation for the remaining parts of the standard series in
16、defining statistical tests concerning the achieving of specific accuracies and, where appropriate, the presence of systematic errors of measurement. In addition to this structure, the parts of this standard series also contain a compilation of possible uncertainty components. Even though the present
17、 Part 1 has a structuring character, this compilation is omitted here as it is highly specific for the respective measurement methods. The compilations listed therein are to be understood as a recommendation, but by no means as a definitive list. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International
18、Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 17123-1 DIN ISO 17123-1 ISO 80000-3 DIN ISO 80000-3 This document includes national footnotes. Amendments This standard differs from DIN 18723-1:1990-07 as follows: a) the contents have been made substantially more detailed. For instance, th
19、e standard in its overall concept considers further aspects such as arbitrary interferences, general functional relationships with the target value, correlations and different distributions and the summary of different influencing factors; b) this standard uses the concept of determining uncertainty
20、 components (Type A and Type B) in accordance with ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008, Uncertainty of measurement Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995), and uses letter symbols according to GUM; c) this standard defines terms of measured quantity values and measurement uncert
21、ainty; d) several sample calculations have been included in this standard. Previous editions DIN 18723-1: 1975-07, 1990-07 DIN ISO 17123-1:2017-09 5 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN ISO 17123-4, Optics and optical instruments Field procedures for testing geodetic and surveying instru
22、ments Part 4: Electro-optical distance meters (EDM measurements to reflectors) DIN EN ISO 80000-3, Quantities and units Part 3: Space and time ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of prep
23、aring International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
24、liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC
25、Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility tha
26、t some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent de
27、clarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information
28、 about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 172, Optics and photonics, Subcommittee SC 6, Geodetic and surveying instruments.This third edition ca
29、ncels and replaces the second edition (ISO 17123-1:2010).ISO 17123 consists of the following parts, under the general title Optics and optical instruments Field procedures for testing geodetic and surveying instruments: Part 1: Theory Part 2: Levels Part 3: Theodolites Part 4: Electro-optical distan
30、ce meters (EDM measurements to reflectors) Part 5: Total stations Part 6: Rotating lasers Part 7: Optical plumbing instruments Part 8: GNSS field measurement systems in real-time kinematic (RTK)DIN ISO 17123-1:2017-09 6 IntroductionThis part of ISO 17123 specifies field procedures for adoption when
31、determining and evaluating the uncertainty of measurement results obtained by geodetic instruments and their ancillary equipment, when used in building and surveying measuring tasks. Primarily, these tests are intended to be field verifications of suitability of a particular instrument for the immed
32、iate task. They are not proposed as tests for acceptance or performance evaluations that are more comprehensive in nature.The definition and concept of uncertainty as a quantitative attribute to the final result of measurement was developed mainly in the last two decades, even though error analysis
33、has already long been a part of all measurement sciences. After several stages, the CIPM (Comit Internationale des Poids et Mesures) referred the task of developing a detailed guide to ISO. Under the responsibility of the ISO Technical Advisory Group on Metrology (TAG 4), and in conjunction with six
34、 worldwide metrology organizations, a guidance document on the expression of measurement uncertainty was compiled with the objective of providing rules for use within standardization, calibration, laboratory, accreditation and metrology services. ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 was first published as an Internat
35、ional Standard (ISO document) in 1995.With the introduction of uncertainty in measurement in ISO 17123 (all parts), it is intended to finally provide a uniform, quantitative expression of measurement uncertainty in geodetic metrology with the aim of meeting the requirements of customers.ISO 17123 (a
36、ll parts) provides not only a means of evaluating the precision (experimental standard deviation) of an instrument, but also a tool for defining an uncertainty budget, which allows for the summation of all uncertainty components, whether they are random or systematic, to a representative measure of
37、accuracy, i.e. the combined standard uncertainty.ISO 17123 (all parts) therefore provides, for defining for each instrument investigated by the procedures, a proposal for additional, typical influence quantities, which can be expected during practical use. The customer can estimate, for a specific a
38、pplication, the relevant standard uncertainty components in order to derive and state the uncertainty of the measuring result.DIN ISO 17123-1:2017-09 7 1 ScopeThis part of ISO 17123 gives guidance to provide general rules for evaluating and expressing uncertainty in measurement for use in the specif
39、ications of the test procedures of ISO 17123-2, ISO 17123-3, ISO 17123-4, ISO 17123-5, ISO 17123-6, ISO 17123-7 and ISO 17123-8.ISO 17123-2, ISO 17123-3, ISO 17123-4, ISO 17123-5, ISO 17123-6, ISO 17123-7 and ISO 17123-8 specify only field test procedures for geodetic instruments without ensuring tr
40、aceability in accordance with ISO/IEC Guide 99. For the purpose of ensuring traceability, it is intended that the instrument be calibrated in the testing laboratory in advance.This part of ISO 17123 is a simplified version based on ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 and deals with the problems related to the specif
41、ic field of geodetic test measurements.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the re
42、ferenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO/IEC Guide 99, International vocabulary of metrology Basic and general concepts and associated terms (VIM)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC Guide 99 and the following apply.3.1
43、General metrological terms3.1.1(measurable) quantityproperty of a phenomenon, body or substance, where the property has a magnitude that can be expressed as a number and a referenceEXAMPLE 1 Quantities in a general sense: length, time, temperature.EXAMPLE 2 Quantities in a particular sense: length o
44、f a rod.3.1.2valuevalue of a quantityquantity valuenumber and reference together expressing the magnitude of a quantityEXAMPLE Length of a rod: 3,24 m.DIN ISO 17123-1:2017-09 8 3.1.3true valuetrue value of a quantitytrue quantity valuevalue consistent with the definition of a given quantityNote 1 to
45、 entry: This is a value that would be obtained by perfect measurement. However, this value is in principle and in practice unknowable.3.1.4reference valuereference quantity valuequantity value used as a basis for comparison with values of quantities of the same kindNote 1 to entry: A reference quant
46、ity value can be a true quantity value of the measurand, in which case it is normally unknown. A reference quantity value with associated measurement uncertainty is usually provided by a reference measurement procedure.3.1.5measurementprocess of experimentally obtaining one or more quantity values t
47、hat can reasonably be attributed to a quantityNote 1 to entry: Measurement implies comparison of quantities and includes counting of entities.3.1.6measurement principlephenomenon serving as the basis of a measurement (scientific basis of measurement)Note 1 to entry: The measurement principle can be
48、a physical phenomenon like the Doppler effect applied for length measurements.3.1.7measurement methodgeneric description of a logical organization of operations used in a measurementNote 1 to entry: Methods of measurement can be qualified in various ways, such as “differential method” and “direct me
49、asurement method”.3.1.8measurandquantity intended to be measuredEXAMPLE Coordinate x determined by an electronic tacheometer.3.1.9indicationquantity value provided by a measuring instrument or measuring systemNote 1 to entry: An indication and a corresponding value of the quantity being measured are not necessarily values of quantities of the same kind.3.1.10measurement resultresult of measurementset of quantity values attributed to a measu
