1、April 2017 English price group 7No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 87.060.10!%c|;“2648924www.din.deDIN
2、 ISO 18314-1Analytical colorimetry Part 1: Practical colour measurement (ISO 183141:2015),English translation of DIN ISO 18314-1:2017-04Analytische Farbmessung Teil 1: Praktische Farbmessung (ISO 183141:2015),Englische bersetzung von DIN ISO 18314-1:2017-04Analyse colorimtrique Partie 1: Mesurage pr
3、atique de la couleur (ISO 183141:2015),Traduction anglaise de DIN ISO 18314-1:2017-04www.beuth.deDocument comprises 9 pagesDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.04.17 A comma is used as the decimal marker. Contents Nationa
4、l foreword . 31 Scope . 52 Normative references 53 Sample preparation . 54 Sample measurement 64.1 General . 64.2 Recommended colourimetric conditions . 65 Calibration 65.1 General . 65.2 Environmental conditions . 65.3 White calibration . 65.4 Black calibration 75.5 Control measurement . 75.6 Stora
5、ge of the calibration standards 76 Apparatus . 86.1 Spectrophotometer . 86.2 Tristimulus colourimeter . 87 Selection of appropriate measurement geometry 8Bibliography 9PageNationalAnnexNA(informative)Bibliography. 4DIN ISO 18314-1:2017-04 2 National foreword This document has been prepared by Techni
6、cal Committee ISO/TC 256 “Pigments, dyestuffs and extenders (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was DIN-Normenausschuss Pigmente und Fllstoffe (DIN Standards Committee Pigments and Extenders), Working Committee NA 078-00-03 AA “General test methods fo
7、r colorants and extenders”. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. DIN and/or DKE shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards
8、 referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 1513 DIN EN ISO 1513 ISO 1514 DIN EN ISO 1514 ISO 2808 DIN EN ISO 2808 ISO 11664-1 DIN EN ISO 11664-1 ISO 11664-2 DIN EN ISO 11664-2 ISO 11664-4 DIN EN ISO 11664-4 ISO 11664-6 DIN EN ISO 11664-6 ISO 15528 DIN EN ISO 15528 DIN EN ISO 18314 consists of
9、 the following parts, under the general title Analytical colorimetry: Part 1: Practical colour measurement Part 2: Saunderson correction, solutions of the Kubelka-Munk equation, tinting strength, hiding power Part 3: Special indices DIN ISO 18314-1:2017-04 3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliogra
10、phy DIN EN ISO 1513, Paints and varnishes Examination and preparation of test samples DIN EN ISO 1514, Paints and varnishes Standard panels for testing DIN EN ISO 2808, Paints and varnishes Determination of film thickness DIN EN ISO 11664-1, Colorimetry Part 1: CIE standard colorimetric observers DI
11、N EN ISO 11664-2, Colorimetry Part 2: CIE standard illuminants DIN EN ISO 11664-4, Colorimetry Part 4: CIE 1976 L*a*b* Colour space DIN EN ISO 11664-6, Colorimetry Part 6: CIEDE2000 Colour-difference formula DIN EN ISO 15528, Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes Sampling DIN
12、ISO 18314-1:2017-04 4 Analytical colorimetry Part 1: Practical colour measurement1 ScopeThis part of ISO 18314 specifies the method for determining the colour coordinates of a paint film. This method is only applicable to paint films that appear to be uniformly of one colour, i.e. monochromatic, whe
13、n examined with normal vision. Paint films that do not completely hide a non-transparent substrate represent an opaque system and can be measured by using the procedure in this part of ISO 18314.Luminescent paint films, transparent paint films, and translucent paint films (for example for display or
14、 lamp glass), retroreflecting paint films (for example for traffic signs), and metallic paint films are outside the scope of this part of ISO 18314.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its applicatio
15、n. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 1513, Paints and varnishes Examination and preparation of test samplesISO 1514, Paints and varnishes Standard panels for testingISO 28
16、08, Paints and varnishes Determination of film thicknessISO 15528, Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes Sampling3 Sample preparationTake a representative sample of the paint to be tested as described in accordance with ISO 15528.Examine and prepare the sample for testing in a
17、ccordance with ISO 1513.Prepare the test panels in accordance with ISO 1514. Apply the coating always in the same way (e.g. by spraying, brushing, or with application bars), dry or stove and, if necessary, condition the paint film as directed in the manufacturers instructions or as otherwise agreed.
18、If the paint film is of reversible temperature-dependent colour, the temperature of the test sample should be maintained at (23 2) C by appropriate measures (for example by the use of a thermostatically controlled sample holder). Paint films of irreversible temperature-dependent colour should be pos
19、tconditioned, until the colour does not change any more. In the case of paint films that do not completely hide the substrate, the colour depends on the colour of the substrate and the film thickness, which should be determined by one of the procedures given in ISO 2808.The paint film sample shall n
20、ot be scratched and shall be free from dust and grease (e.g. fingerprints).For process control of painted articles take representative test samples. The number of samples shall be agreed upon between the parties.DIN ISO 18314-1:2017-04 5 4 Sample measurement4.1 GeneralFor highly precise measurement
21、results, the samples shall be plane. Dependent on sample size, multiple readings shall be taken. The individual measurements shall exclude trends and outlayers. The aperture size of the instrument shall be as large as possible.For measurements taken on curved samples, the geometrical conditions spec
22、ified for plane samples are no longer applicable. Measurement uncertainty and deviation of results from those of plane surfaces will increase as curvature increases. When selecting the measurement area on curved surfaces, the smallest possible curvature (biggest curvature radius) shall be placed on
23、the smallest possible measuring aperture. To increase repeatability, the use of a customized sample holder is recommended.Comparison of samples with different surface properties (e.g. texture, gloss) may lead to different results depending on the measuring geometry of the instrument (see Clause 7).4
24、.2 Recommended colourimetric conditionsThe measurements shall be performed for the following conditions: Illuminant: D65 (for determination of metamerism additional illuminants are needed); Observer: 10; Colour space: CIELAB or DIN 99 Colour differences: It is important to take into consideration th
25、at CIELAB colour space is not visually uniform for small colour differences. Therefore, the use of the colour difference correction formula CIEDE2000 or the new colour space DIN 99 are recommended.NOTE Standard illuminant D65 is defined in ISO 11664-2. Standard colourimetric observer for 10 is defin
26、ed in ISO 11664-1. CIELAB is defined in ISO 11664-4. The DIN 99 formula is defined in DIN 6176. The CIEDE2000 formula is defined in ISO 11664-6.5 Calibration5.1 GeneralThe correct calibration of colour measuring instruments is one of the main requirements for achieving reproducible results. An incor
27、rect or insufficient calibration can have a major impact, and may lead to wrong results.In order to achieve the highest accuracy, both the basic conditions of calibration (temperature, positioning of the calibration standard) and the instructions of the manufacturer regarding the calibration have to
28、 be strictly followed.5.2 Environmental conditionsThe calibration shall be carried out under the same environmental conditions as the sample measurement taken thereafter.5.3 White calibrationThe white standard is made of a durable material, like ceramic, glass, or enamel. The calibration standard th
29、at is used for the day-to-day calibration process shall be the one provided by the instrument manufacturer. It has reflectance values that are traceable to a national standard. The white calibration shall be done according to the instrument vendors recommendations, usually when beginning to work DIN
30、 ISO 18314-1:2017-04 6 with the instrument and after breaks. When performing extended measurement series and/or under strongly varying environmental conditions (for example temperature) the white calibration shall be repeated in regular intervals.Proper identification shall be used to match the stan
31、dard with the instrument to make certain that only the correct standard is used for calibration.5.4 Black calibrationA black calibration standard is a standard which has low to no reflectance (for example a black light trap). Black calibration is used to establish a known zero point for the instrume
32、nt. The black or zero reflectance calibration shall be performed with the black standard supplied by the instrument manufacturer. A black calibration is always done together with a white calibration. Some instruments perform the black calibration internally, thus eliminating the need for separate bl
33、ack calibration.5.5 Control measurementAfter certain time intervals it is recommended to verify the accuracy of the measurements through the use of coloured control standards. The instructions of the manufacturer shall be followed.The white calibration standard may not be used for control measuremen
34、ts.5.6 Storage of the calibration standardsAll the calibration standards shall be protected from light, mechanical damage, or dirt. Calibration standards that are scratched or damaged in any way shall be replaced immediately. Dirty standards are to be cleaned according to the instructions of the man
35、ufacturer. Under common usage a calibration standard can typically be used for one year. Then it is recommended to have the manufacturer of the instrument verify that the values are still within the specifications.6 Apparatus6.1 SpectrophotometerMeasurements shall preferably be done with spectrophot
36、ometers. The spectral measuring range shall be at least 400 nm to 700 nm. The spectral step width and optical bandwidth shall be 20 nm (preferable 5 nm to 10 nm).6.2 Tristimulus colourimeterTristimulus colourimeters can be used for applications that do not require control of metamerism.7 Selection o
37、f appropriate measurement geometryThe perceived colour of an object is a combination of first surface reflection (Fresnel) and typically diffuse reflection from the volume. The first surface reflection (approximately 4 % of the incident light) is only dependent on the refractive ratio not on the col
38、orants. Surface texture determines the angular scattering of the first surface reflection.The di:8 geometry measures the total first surface reflection independent of the surface texture.The 45:0 geometry only measures the scattered part of the first surface reflection in the direction of 0.Table 1
39、gives the recommended measurement geometries for paint with different properties depending on the objective to be achieved.DIN ISO 18314-1:2017-04 7 Table 1 Recommended measurement geometriesSample properties Recommended measurement geometriesMaterial Surface Final inspection Colorants controlGoal:
40、correlation to visual perceptionGoal: independence of surface differencesPaint: opaque and translucent Mat 45:0 di:8Silk mat 45:0 di:8High gloss 45:0, de:8 di:8, (45:0, de:8)Tex t ured 45:0 di:8Bronzing 45:0Orange peel 45:0 di:8Paint: transparent on high gloss metalHigh gloss di:8 di:8Paint: transpa
41、rent on mat sub-strateHigh gloss 45:0 di:8Paste: measurement through high gloss glassGlass high gloss 45:0, de:8 45:0, de:8d = diffuse; i = specular included; e = specular excludedDIN ISO 18314-1:2017-04 8 Bibliography1 ISO 11664-1, Colorimetry Part 1: CIE standard colorimetric observers2 ISO 11664-
42、2, Colorimetry Part 2: CIE standard illuminants3 ISO 11664-4, Colorimetry Part 4: CIE 1976 L*a*b* Colour space4 ISO 11664-6, Colorimetry Part 6: CIEDE2000 Colour-difference formula5 ISO 18314-2, Analytical colourimetry Part 2: Saunderson correction, solutions of the Kubelka-Munk equation, tinting st
43、rength, hiding power6 ISO 18314-3, Analytical colorimetry Part 3: Special indices7 CIE 15:20041), Colorimetry, 3rd edition, ISBN 3 901 906 33 98 DIN 6176, Colorimetric evaluation of colour differences of surface colours according to DIN99 formula1)Available from CIE (International commission on illumination): CIE Central Bureau, Kegelgasse 27, A-1030 Vienna, Austria; www.cie.co.atDIN ISO 18314-1:2017-04 9
