1、DEUTSCHE NORM Januarv 1999 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alternating current generating sets Part 9: Measurement and evaluation of mechanical vibrations (IS0 8528-9 : 1995) DIN IS0 8528-9 - ICs 17,160; 27.020; 29.160.40 Supersedes DIN 6280-1 1, November 1993 edition. Descriptors: C
2、urrent generators, internal combustion engines, vibration, measurement. Stromerzeugungsaggregate mit Hubkolben-Verbrennungsmotoren - Teil 9: Messung und Bewertung der mechanischen Schwingungen (IS0 8528-9 : 1995) This standard incorporates International Standard IS0 8528-9 Reciprocating internal com
3、bustion engine driven alternating current generating sets - Part 9: Measurement and evaluation of mechanical vibrations. A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by ISO/TC 70. The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenaussch
4、u Maschinenbau (Me- chanical Engineering Standards Committee), Technical Committee Verbrennungsmotoren. The DIN Standards correspondin4 to the International Standards and the IEC Publication referred to in clause 2 and Annex E of the IS0 Standard are as follows: IEC Publication/ DIN Standard IS0 Sta
5、ndard IS0 2954 DIN 45666 IS0 5348 DIN IS0 5348*) IEC 34-7 DIN EN 60034-7 IS0 8528-1 DIN IS0 8528-1 IS0 8528-5 DIN IS0 8528-5 IS0 10816-1 IS0 10816-6 DIN IS0 1081 6-1 DIN IS0 1081 6-6 Amendments DIN 6280-1 1, November 1993 edition, has been superseded b! the specifications of DIN IS0 8528-9. Previous
6、 edition DIN 6280-9: 1993-1 1. National Annex NA Standards referred to (and not included in Normative references and Annex E) DIN 45666 Measuring instrument for vibration severity - Requirements DIN EN 60034-7 Rotating electrical machines - Part 7: Classification of types of constructions and mount-
7、 ing arrangements (IM-Code) (IEC 60034-7 : 1992) DIN IS0 8528-1 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alternating current generating sets - Part 1 : Application, ratings and performance (IS0 8528-1 : 1995) *) At present at draft stage. Continued overleaf. IS0 Standard comprises 16 pages. N
8、o pari of this standard may be reproduced without the prior permission of Ref. No. DIN IS0 8528-9 : 1999-0 Y Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. wth Verlag GmbH, D-10772 Berlin, has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen). English price group O9 Sales No. 0409 06.99 Pa
9、ge 2 DIN IS0 8528-9 : 1999-01 DIN IS0 8528-5 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alternating current generating sets - Part 5: Generating sets (IS0 8528-5 : 1995) DIN IS0 10816-1 Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts - Part 1 : General guidelines (IS0 1081
10、 6-1 : 1995) DIN IS0 1081 6-6 Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts - Part 6: Recipro- cating machines with power ratings above 1 O0 kW (IS0 1081 6-6 : 1995) Page 1 IS0 8528-9 : 1995 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alternating current generating sets P
11、art 9: Measurement and evaluation of mechanical vibrations Foreword IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0 technical committ
12、ees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0 collaborates closely with the Int
13、ernational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member
14、 bodies casting a vote. International Standard IS0 8528-9 was prepared by Technical Committee ISOTTC 70, Internal combustion engines, Subcommittee SC 2, Perform- ance and tests. IS0 8528 consists of the following parts, under the general title Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alternat
15、ing current gen- erating sets: - Part 1: Application, ratings and performance - Part 2: Engines - Part 3: Alternating current generators for generating sets - Part 4: Controlgear and switchgear - Part 5: Generating sets - Part 6: Test methods - Part 7: Technical declarations for specification and de
16、sign - Part 8: Requirements and tests for low-power generating sets - Part 9: Measurement and evaluation of mechanical vibrations - Part 10: Measurement of airborne noise by the enveloping surface method - Part 1 1: Dynamic uninterruptible power supply systems - Part 12: Emergency power supply to sa
17、fety services Annexes A, 6, C, D and E of this part of IS0 8528 are for information only. Page 2 IS0 8528-9 : 1995 1 Scope This part of IS0 8528 describes a procedure for measuring and evaluating the external mechanical vi- bration behaviour of generating sets at the measuring points stated in that
18、International Standard. IS0 2041 :I 990, Vibration and shock - Vocabulaw. It applies to RIC engine driven AC generating sets for fixed and mobile installations with rigid and/or resilient mountings. It is applicable for land and marine use, excluding generating sets used on aircraft or those used to
19、 propel land vehicles and locomotives. For some specific applications (essential hospital supplies, high rise buildings, etc.) supplementary re- quirements may be necessary. The provisions of this part of IS0 8528 should be regarded as a basis. For generating sets driven by other reciprocating-type
20、prime movers (e.g. sewage gas engines, steam en- gines), the provisions of this part of IS0 8528 should be regarded as a basis. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of IS0 8528. At the time of publ
21、ication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of IS0 8528 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain registers o
22、f currently valid International Standards. IS0 5348:1987, Mechanical vibration and shock - Mechanical mounting of accelerometers. IS0 8528-5: 1 993, Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alternating current generating sets - Part 5: Generating sets. IEC 34-7:1992, Rotating electrical machi
23、nes - Part 7: Classification of types of constructions and mounting arrangements (IM Code). 3 Definitions For the purposes of this part of IS0 8528, the defi- nitions given in IS0 2041 and the following definition apply. 3.1 vibration severity: A generic term that desig- nates a value or set of valu
24、es, such as a maximum value, average value or rrns value, or other parameter that is descriptive of the vibration. NOTES 1 2 IS0 2041 includes two notes in the definition. These notes do not apply in this part of IS0 8528. It may refer to instantaneous values or average values. 4 Symbols and abbrevi
25、ations For the purposes of this part of IS0 8528 the follow- ing symbols apply. Page 3 IS0 8528-9 : 1995 U Acceleration U Peak value of acceleration f Frequency S Displacement S Peak value of displacement t Time V Velocity V Peak value of velocity X Axial Co-ordinate Y Transverse Co-o rdi nate Z Ver
26、tical Co-ordinate o Angular velocity The following subscripts are used in conjunction with the vibration quantities v, s and u. A A A 5.2 If special requirements from regulations of any other authority, e.g. inspecting and/or legislative authorities, have to be met, the authority shall be stated by
27、the customer prior to placing the order. Any further additional requirements shall be subject to agreement between the manufacturer and cus- tomer. 6 Measured values Acceleration, velocity and displacement are measured variables for the vibrations (see clause 1 O). In the general case of any vibrati
28、on over time interval il to t2, the rms velocity is given by In the particular case of sinusoidal vibration the rms velocity is given by rms X Y 2 1, 2 . n A A Value of vibration quantity Measured value of vibration quantity in the axial direction Measured value of quantity in the transverse directi
29、on Measured value of vibration quantity in the vertical direction . . . (2) If the vibration characteristics are analysed and if for angular frequencies q. oz, ., o,. the vibration vel- ocities Q1, G2, , ;, are available, then the following relationships can be used to determine the rms vel- ocity:
30、. . . (3) fi Progressive values “rms = The following abbreviation is used. IMB Type or construction and mounting ar- rangement of generators according to IEC 34-7 5 Regulations and additional requirements 5.1 For a.c. generating sets used on board ships and offshore installations which have to compl
31、y with rules of a classification society, the additional require- ments of the classification society shall be observed. The classification society shall be stated by the cus- tomer prior to placing the order. For a.c. generating sets in unclassed equipment, such additional requirements are in each
32、case subject to agreement between the manufacturer and customer. NOTE 3 are calculated in the same manner. For acceleration and displacement rms values 7 Measuring devices The measuring system shall provide the rrns values of displacement, velocity and acceleration with an ac- curacy of & 10 % over
33、the range 10 Hz to 1 O00 Hz and an accuracy of % over the range 2 Hz to 10 Hz. These values may be obtained from a single sensor whose signal is either integrated or differen- tiated, depending on the outcome of the measuring device, to derive the quantities not directly measured, provided the accur
34、acy of the measuring system is not adversely affected. NOTE 4 The accuracy of measurement is also affected by the method of connection between the transducer and Page 4 IS0 8528-9 : 1995 the object being measured. Both the frequency response and the measured vibration are affected by the method of a
35、ttaching the transducer. It is especially important to main- tain good attachment between the transducer and the point on the generating set being measured when vibration levels are high. Refer to IS0 5348 for guidance on the mounting of ac- celerometers. 8 Location of measuring points and direction
36、 of measurements Figure 1 shows the recommended points of vibration measurement in generating sets. The specifications 8 a) Generating set driven by a vertical in-line engine with flange housing coupled generator with integral bear i ng s. 1, 2 3, 4 5, 6 7, 8 Generator base Front end top edge and ba
37、ck end top edge Front and rear end of engine base Generator main bearing housing apply as appropriate for other types of design. If possible, measurements shall be taken at these points in the three main directions, defined by x, y and Figure 1 shows the approximate positions of the measuring points
38、 which have to be located on the solid engine block and on solid areas of the generator frame in order to avoid measuring local structural vi- brations. 2. If experience with similar generating sets has shown at which points the maximum vibration severity is to be expected, not all the points given
39、in figure 1 need necessarily be measured. 2 4 6 b) Generating set driven by a vertical in-line engine and a generator with pedestal bearings NOTE - The vertical in-line engine shown is given as an example only. Measuring points 1 to 4 are applicable as appropriate for other types of engine, e.g. V-e
40、ngines, horizontal engines. Figure 1 - Arrangement of measuring points Page 5 IS0 8528-9 : 1995 9 Operating conditions during measurement The measurements shall be taken with the generating set at its operating temperature and rated frequency, at both zero power and rated power. If the rated power o
41、f the generating set is not attainable, it should be tested at the maximum power that can be at- tained. 10 Evaluation of results The main excitation frequencies of the RIC engine it- self are found in the range 2 Hz to 300 Hz. However, when considering the overall generating set structure and compo
42、nents, a range of 2 Hz to 1 O00 Hz is re- quired to evaluate the vibration. Additional testing may be necessary to ensure that no local structural resonances contribute to the measurement result. Assessment of the potential effects of vibration are made by reference to table C.l which gives rms val-
43、 ues of vibration displacement, velocity and acceler- ation. These values can be used as guidelines for evaluating the measured vibration levels. Experience has shown that with a standard design of generating set structure and components, damage would not be expected if vibration levels remain be- l
44、ow value l. If the vibration levels fall between values 1 and 2, as- sessment of the generating set structure and com- ponents may be required along with an agreement between the generating set manufacturer and the component supplier in order to ensure reliable Oper- ation. In some cases vibration l
45、evels can be above value 2 but only if individual special designs of generating set structure and components are applied. In all cases the generating set manufacturer remains responsible for the compatibility with each other of the generating set components (see IS0 8528-5:1993, 15.10). 11 Test repo
46、rt The indicated measurement results shall include the main data of the generating set and the measuring equipment used. These data are to be recorded using annex D. Page 6 IS0 8528-9 : 1995 Annex A (informative) Typical generating set configurations There are a number of possibilities for the assem
47、bly of a reciprocating internal combustion engine and a generator. Figures A.l to A.6 show examples of typical configurations. Figure A.l - Engine and generator rigidly mounted Figure A.2 - Engine resiliently mounted, generator rigidly mounted, flexible coupling Figure A.3 - Engine and generator rig
48、idly mounted on resiliently mounted base frame Page 7 IS0 8528-9 : 1995 Figure A.4 - Engine resiliently mounted, generator rigidly mounted on resiliently mounted base frame, flexible coupling Figure A.5 - Assembly with flange housing and resilient mounting on the engine and generator Figure A.6 - As
49、sembly with flange housing and resilient mounting of the engine Page 8 IS0 8528-9 : 1995 Annex B (i n f orm at ive) Remarks on the assessment of vibrations of the generating set It has been found that generators operating in gener- ating sets suffer higher values of vibration severity compared with those running independently. Typical features of RIC engines are the oscillating masses, torque fluctuation and pulsating forces in the associated pipe-work. All these features exert con- siderable alternating forces on the main supports and give rise to high vibration amplitudes on the main fra
