1、E I A/NAR M STANDARD FOR SOLID STATE RELAYS ANSI/E IA RS443-1979 Approved April 6, 1978 EIA STANDARD RS.443 APRIL 1979 5h Engineering Department ELECTRONIC INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION t EIA 4Ll3 77 = 3234600 00b8848 4 7 NOTICE Recommended standards are adopted by EM withut regard to whether or not their
2、adoption may involve patents on articles, materials, or processes. By such adion, EIA does not assume my liability to any patent owner, nor does it assume any obligation whatever to parties adopting the recommended standards. This Eh Recommended Standard is considered to have International standardi
3、zhtion implications, but th JEC activity has not progressed to the point where a vad coniparison between the EM Recommended Standard and the IEC Recom- mendation can be mad. Published by ELECTRONIC INDUSTRI fS ASSOCIATION Engineering Department 2001 Eye Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. 20006 Q ElecW
4、nic industrida Aeaolaon 1979 AU rights reserve PRICE: $18.75 Prlnted in U.S.A. F b 1 2 3 4 5. 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 EIA/NARM STANDARD *FOR SOLID STATE RELAYS (From Standards Proposal No. 1227, formulated under the cognizance of the Joint EUINARM P-5.7 Working Group on Relays.) TABLE OF CONTENTS SCO
5、PE APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS STANDARD TEST CONDITIONS GENERAL DEFINITIONS OPERATIONAL INPUT PARAMETER DEFINITIONS OPERATIONAL OUTPUT PARAMETER DEFINITIONS ELECTRICAL ISOLATION PARAMETER DEFINITIONS ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETER DEFINITIONS TRANSIENT IMMUNITY .RELAY MARKING MECHANICAL CONFIGURATIONS TERMINATION
6、 INSPECTION AND TEST PROCEDURES APPLICATION NOTES 1 1 2 2 3 4 7 7 9 9 12 22 22 35 - EIA 443 79 = 3234600 0068850 2 RS-443 Page 1 1.0 SCOPE O The intent and purpose of this document is to: (1) Establish a standard reference for determining and defining parameters needed to specify ac Solid State Rela
7、ys (SSR) and Hybrid Solid State Relays (HSSR) which employ a single isolated input and are designed for switching of ac lines with maximums of 500 Hz in frequency, 300 Vac in voltage and 50 amperes in current. (2) Develop uniform methods and techniques for measuring these parameters. This standard d
8、oes not encompass relays that are designed for sensing or performing special logic (e.g. timers, current or voltage sensors, proximity switches, etc.), In the case of conflict between this general standard and any individual standard or detail relay specification, the individual specification shall
9、govern. Several new classifications of relay types have been developed and standardized in recent years. These new types are distinguished primarily by the physical principles employed in their switching functions which have been made possible by utilization of solid state devices and technology. As
10、 a result, four major relay groups (see definitions) are now considered to have industry-wide recognition and are listed below - although this standard proposes to cover only two of the four groups. 2.0 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The following documents form a part of this standard to the extent noted her
11、ein. Militar y MIL-STD-202E Test Methods for Electronic and Electrical Component Parts MIL-R-28750 General Specification for Solid State Relays MIL-R-28776 Components and Solid State Logic Systems EIA 443 79 m 3234600 oob885 4 m I 1 IEC Proposal WGZ-SC176 Influences Semiconductor Contac tor External
12、 Elec trioal e RS 397 Recommended Standards for Thyristors 3.0 STANDARD TEST CONDITIONS Unless otherwise specified herein, all tests shall be carried out wider the standard condi ti ons listed below. Standard Temperature 23 +5OC Relative Humidity 20 to 60% Barometric Prsslire 293 +1 inches Hg (650 t
13、o 800 mm Hg) 4.0 GENERAL DEFINITIONS EIectromechanical Relay (EMR) - A relay that mechanically pens or closes metaliid electrical emtacts by utilizing an elecitricai input to create a hotive force to perform the mechanics of moving the contacts. (The most common type elctmmechanical relay id trotiia
14、gnehic and is the one usually thought of when refererice to an EMR device is made). e 4.2 Solid State Relay (SSR) A rlay with isolated input and output whose functians are achieved by means ,of electronic compnents and without the use of moving parts, 4.3 Hybrid ElectPomechncal Relay (HEMR) - A rela
15、y with isolated input and output in which electrumechancial and electroriic devices are combined to perform a switching function with an electromechanical output. Switching characteristics are dictated by electromechanical relay specifications. 4.4 Hybrid Solid State Rel$ (HCCR) - A relay with isola
16、ted input and output in which electromechanical and electronic devices are combined to perform a switching function with a solid state output. 4.5 Zero-VoItage-Turn-on Rejay - A relay with isolated input and output in 0 which added control circuitry delays the output turnzon until a zero voltage tra
17、nsition of the ac sine wave is detected. Construction may be all solid state or hybrid with a sulid state ouput. - + z EIA 443 79 = 3234600 00bA852 b RS-443 page 3 4.6 Isolation - The value of Insulation Resistance, Dielectric Strength, and Capacitance measured between the input and outputs, input t
18、o case, output to case, and output to output when applicable. 4.7 Input - That portion of the relay to which a control signal is a pplied in order to achieve the switching function. 4.8 Output - That portion of the relay which performs the switching function required. 5.0 OPERATIONAL INPUT PARAMETER
19、 DEFINITIONS 5.1 Input Operational Parameters - The following shall be specified and must be applicable over the indicated temperature range unless otherwise specified. The values specified are valid for step input voltages (currents) unless otherwise specified. 5J.1 5.L2 5.1.3 5.1.4 5.1.5 5.1.6 Nom
20、inal Voltage and/or current - The normally intended voltage and/or current intended to.be applied to the unit. Maximum Allowable Voltage and/or current - The maximum voltage and/or current intended to be applied to the unit. Pickup (Voltage and/or Current) - The specified voltage and/or current leve
21、l at or below which the output will change state. Dropout (Voltage and/or Current) - The specified applied voltage and/or current level at or above which will allow the relay, once operated, to change state. Hold Value (Voltage and/or Current) - The minimum voltage which can be applied to the relay
22、input once energized and have it remain in the operated state. Non Pickup (Voltage and/or Current) - The maximum voltage which can be applied to the relay input and have it remain in the nonoperated state. - EIA 443 79 m 3234b00 0068853 8 m I P RSb4443 page 4. 5.2 Input Impedance - The input impedan
23、ce, together with either voltqge and/or current or power dissipation, shall be specified for paragraphs 6.1.1 - 6.1.6 inclusively, (when applicable). e 5.3 Maximum Operate Time - The maximum time required between the application of a step Pickup voltage and/or current and the change of state at the
24、output when switching at rated voltage, current, and line frequency. 5.4 Minimum Operate Time - The minimum time required between the application of a step Maximum Allowable Voltage and/or current and the . change of state at the output when switching at rated vgltage, current and line frequency. 5.
25、5 Release Time - The time required between the application of a step transition from the Maximum Allowable Voltage and/or current- to the Dropout Voltage and/or Current and a change in state of the output. 5.6 Reverse Polarity Voltage - The maximum allowable reverse voltage which may be applied to t
26、he input without permanent damage. 6.0 OPERATIONAL OUTPUT PARAMETER DEFINITIONS 6.1 Output Operational Parameters - The following shall be specified and must be applicable over the indicated temperature range unless otherwise specified. 6.1.1 Nominal Off State Voltage, VD(RMS) - The effective steady
27、 state voltage normally applied when in the off state. 6.1.2 Maximum Off State Voltage, VDMax (RMS) - The maximum effective steady state voltage that the output is capable of withstanding when in the off state. 6.1.3 Minimum Off State Voltage, VD Min (RMS) - The minimum effective voltage which the r
28、elay will switch. . 6.1.4 Non-Repetitive Peak Voltage, VDCM - The maximum off state .o , voltage that the output terminals are capable of withstanding without breakover or damage. -4 4. L EIA 443 77 3234600 0068854 T 9 RS-443 Page 5 6.1.5 Maximum Rate of Rise of Off State Voltage dV/dt - The maximum
29、 rate of rise of the off state voltage which the output cm withtitand without false operation. 6.1.6 Maximum Rate of Rise of On State Current, di/dt - The maximum nonrepetative rate of rise of current which the output can withstand without being damaged. 6.1.6.1 With the relay output(s) turned-on by
30、 the application or removal of the control voltage and/or current. 6.1.6.2 With the relay output(s) driven into break-over with the input at a non pickup level. 6.1.7 Rated Load Current (On-State Current), lT(RMS) - The effective steady state current that the relay is capable of passing - usually qu
31、alified by a maximum case and/or ambient temperature. This value will vary over the allowed case temperature range. 6.1.8 Minimum Load Current, lT MIN (RMS) - The minimum current required to maintain the relay in the on-state, (Nominal Load Voltage Applied). 6.1.9 Non-Repetitive Surge Current, lTSM
32、- The maximum allowable non- repetitive peak sinusoidal current that may be applied to the output for one full cycle at nominal line frequency. Relay control may be lost during and following the surge until TJ falls below TJ max, (see 6.2.2). 6.1.10 Repetitive Overload Current, lT0 (RMS) - The maxim
33、um allowable repetitive RMS overload current that may be applied to the output for a specific duration and duty cycle while still maintaining output control. . 6.1.11 Leakage (Max. Off State Current), lD(RMS) - The RMS current conducted by the output circuit of the relay at maximum load voltage with
34、 zero input voltagelcurrent. 6.1.12 Case Temperature, TC - The temperature at a specified point on the relay which is used to evaluate the current capabilities of the relay. _ EIA 443 79 m 3234b00 0068855 1 m I 6.1.13 On State Voltage - The outputterminal wave form at rated current consists of repet
35、itive half cycles (i and - ) of distinctive voltage drops. Each voltage state is necessary for load current conduction and may be specified for specific applications. e 6.1.13.1 Maximum RMS On State Voltage, VT(RMS) - Maximum RMS voltage drap across the relay output at maximum logd current IT RMS. 6
36、.L13.2 Instantaneous On State Voltage, V,. - The instantaneous voltage across the autpyt when in the “on“ c-ndition. . 6.1.13*3 Peak On State Voltage, VTM - The maximum value of VT excluding - +20 of zero crossing af the voltage wave form. - The minimum Power 6.1.13.4 Minimum P er Factor Load, PF Fa
37、ctor Coed the relay will switch and still meet all of its electrical specifications. MIN 6.1.13.5 Critical Rate of Rise of Commutation Voltage, dV/dt - The minimurn value of the rate of rise of applied voltage which will cause switching from the off-state to the on-state. Zero-Voltage-Turnon Voltage
38、 (Zero synchronous Turn-on), Vto - The maximum voltage acrass the output terminals following initial turn-tin. 6.1,13,6 6.2 Thermal Parameters 6.2.1 Power Dissipation, PT - The maximum average power dissipation at a given load current. 62.2 Maximum Junction Temperature, TJ(MAXl - The maximum juhctio
39、n temperature of the output switching semiconductbr(s) expressed in OC. EIA 443 79 3234600 00bBA5b 3 6.2.3 6.2.4 6.2.5 RS43 Page 7 Maximum Thermal Resistance Junction to Case, The maximum thermal resistance between the output switch semiconductor(s) junction and the point of measurement on the relay
40、 case, TC, (Expressed in OC/watt). - Maximum Thermal Resistance Junction to Ambient, - The maximum thermal resistance between the semiconductor junction and still air ambient, (Expressed in OC/watt). R Maximum Allowable Case Temperature, TC max -The maximum allowable case temperature for a given loa
41、d current at rated line voltage. 7.0 ELECTRICAL ISOLATION PARAMETER DEFINITIONS 7.1 Isolation Parameters - Isolation parameters shall be measured between the input and output(s), input to case, and output(c) to case, and outputs to outputs when applicable. 7.1.1 Insulation Resistance, RISO - The min
42、imum allowable dc resistance between test points specified in 7.1. 7.1.2 Dielectric Strength, VISO - The maximum allowable ac RMS voltage (50/60 Hz) which may be applied between test points specified in 7.1. 7.1.3 Capacitance, CISO - The maximum allowable capacitance between test points specified in
43、 7.1. 8.0 ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETER DEf INITIONS 8.1 Temperature 8.1.1 t Iperating, TA - That ambient temperature range over which operation is specified with relays unmounted or mounted to a heat sink as specified, (lC/Watt). EIA 443 79 m 3234600 0068857 5 m r 8.1.2 Storage, TSTG - That ambient tempe
44、rature range to which a nonoperating relay may be subjected without permanent electrical or mechanical damage. 4) 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 Vibration 8.2.1 Operating - That vibration level and frequency span to which the relay may be subjected without electrical malfunction or mechanical damage. 8,Z.Z Non-ope
45、rating - That vibration level and frequency span to which the relay may be subjected without permanent electrical or mechanical damage. Mechanical Shock 8.3.1 Operating - That mechanical shock level (amplitude, duration, and wave shape) to which the relay may be subjected without eiectrical mal f uc
46、 t ion or mechanical damage. 8.3.2 Non-operating - That mechanical shock level (amplitude, duration, and wave shape) to which the relay may be subjected without permanent electrical or mechanical damage. Thermal Shock 8.4.1 Non-Operating - Those temperature extremes between which the relay may be ra
47、pidly cycled without permanent electrical or mechanical damage. Humidity 8.5.1 Non-operating - That steady state humidity to which the relay may be subjected without permanent electrical or mechanical damage, 8.5.2 Operating - That steady state humidity to which the relay may be subjected without el
48、ectrical malfunction or mechanical damage. 6 EIA 443 79 m 3234600 00bA858 7 m RS-443 Page 9 * O 9.0 10-0 8.6 Endurance 8.6.1 Cycling - The minimum number of hours during which the relay may be switched between the off-state and the on-state at a fixed, specified cycle rate, load current, and case te
49、mperature without f eilure. 8.6.2 Blocking - The minimum number of continuous hours that the relay will block rated RMS off-state voltage et maximum case tem per at ur e. 8.6.3 Continuous On - The minimum number of hours the relay will continuously conduct rated RMS load current. TRANSIENT IMMUNITY - The operation and endurance of solid state relays can be influenced by electrical transients in both the input and output circuits. Susceptibility of the relay to transient voltages depends upon the peak value of the transient, the rise tim and duration of
