1、S E PTEMBER 1984 THE GLOSSARY CATHODE-RAY TUBE TERMS AND DEFINiTiONS FORMULATED BY EIA TUBE ENGINEERING PANEL ADVISORY COUNCIL EIA PUBLICATION NO. 102 EIA TEP192 84 m 3234600 0008534 O m . NOTICE EIA Engineering Standards and Publications are designed to serve the public interest through eliminating
2、 .misunderstandings between manufacturers and purchasers, facilitating interchangeability and improvement of products, and assisting the purchaser in selecting and obtaining with minimum delay the proper product for his particular need. Existence of such Standards and Pub- lications shall not in any
3、 respect preclude any member or non-member of EIA from manufacturing or selling products not conforming to such Standards and Publications, nor shall the existence of such Standards and Publications preclude their voluntary use by those other than EIA members, whether the standard is to be used eith
4、er domestically or internationally. Recommended Standards and Publications are adopted by EIA without regard to whether or not their adoption may involve patents on articles, materials? or processes. By such action, EIA does not assume any liability to any patent owner, nor does it assume any obliga
5、tion whatever to parties adopting the Recom- mended Standard or Publication. Published by ELECTRONIC INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION Engineering Departnent 2001 Eye Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20006 PRICE: $11.00 Published in U.S.A. r- 4 EIA TEP192 84 m 3234600 0008535 2 W PREFACE This glossary of terms an
6、d definitions was prepared by the EIA Tube Engineering Panel Advisory Council (TEPAC) JT-20 Committee on Electro-tic Devices. its preparation, use was made of input and suggestions received from many individuals and organizations. It is intended to be timely and comprehensive. It is hoped and expect
7、ed that it will prove to be useful to those who build cathode ray tubes, to those who use them, and to all others who are interested in CRT technology. TEP-192 supercedes and replaces TEP-92 titled -Yathode-Ray .Tubes - Glossary of Terms and Definitions (published January, 1975). Those who have sugg
8、estions related to possible future editions of TEP-192 may address them to the Electronic Industries Association, Engineering Department, 2001 Eye Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20006. In - i. ri .- EIA TEP192 84 3234600 0008536 4 M .l TEP - 19 2 Page 1 LOSSARY OF CATHODE-RAY TUBE ,TERMS AND DEFINIT
9、IONS Aberration Accelerator Active Line . Adhered Glass Aging, Cathode Aging ,Phosphor -Aging, Screen Air Line Q Distortion of the electron beam due to electron lens defects, such. as astigmatism, coma and electron velocity distribution. An electrode used to increase the velocity of electrons. The p
10、ortion of the scanning iiie which can be used specifically to di spl ay i nf omat ion. See 61 ass, Adhered. Stabilization of the em.l$sion current of the cathode by operation for a period of time. Loss of luminous efficiency as a function of total accumulated electron charge per unit area. Sometimes
11、 .referred as Coulomb Aging. (See also Aging, Screen). . Reduction in screen luminance or radiance resulting from either phosphor aging, electron or X-ray browning of the f acepl ate gl ass, or a combination of all factors caused by electron bombardment. The individual effects noted cannot be separa
12、tely detected in a normal CRT. An elongated blister in glass tubing or cane. (See Aging, Phosphor) Alignment, Electrodes The positioning of all electrodes in the gun assembly so that: a) The geometric (2) axis of the field shaping portions of all electrodes are coincident. b) The field shap-ing plan
13、es of all electrodes are truly perpendicular to the geometric (2) axis. Alignment, Mesh A space-charge controlled tube in which the wires of two or more sieve type grids are substantially oriented so that they are either -in the electron shadow of each other, or so disposed relative to each other as
14、 to eliminate unwanted moire patterns. Alignment, Mount .The relative positioning of the mount inside the neck tubing so that the geometric (z) axes of the two are coincident. Alignment, Neck Centering and perpendicularity of the axis of the neck tubing relative to the CRT faceplate. Aluniniration T
15、he process of depositing a thin aluminum film on the inside surface of the screen and/or funnel portion of a CRT. is for the purpose of electron-collection and conduction as well as light reflection. The screen aluminization ,Angle, Bean Annealing, Glass The angle of the cone-shaped bundle .of elect
16、rons emerging from the crossover point also known as the alpha angle. To modify the stresses in glassware by the use of appropriate heat i ng and cool ing processes. e EIA TEP192 84 m 3234b00 0008537 b m - .:- TEP-192 Page 2 GLOSSARY OF CATHODE-RAY TUBE TERMS AND DEFINITIONS Anode Anode Contact Posi
17、tive elements relative to the cathode in an electron device. Usually refers to the element with the highest positive voltage. A feedthrough usually in the form of a metallic button or wire that provides electrical contact through the envelope to the anode. Anode Current Total current collected by th
18、e anode. Aperture, Grid A hole in a mount element which allows the electron beam to pass through. Usually used for either lensing or beam trimming. Aperture,Limiting A small aperture used for reducing or limiting the electron beam diameter or for modifying its shape. Aquadag A coloidal suspension of
19、 graphite (sometimes in combination with other conductive materials) used to paintconductive layers on CRT components The result of electrical breakdown between two elements having an excessive potenti al difference between them. . Arcing Astigmatism Bake, Exhaust A focus effect in which electrons,
20、in different axial planes, focus at different axial distances. Heating of the tube while it is attached Lo a vacum system during processing to remove occluded gases. Bake, Screen Barrel DistortSon The process of removing the lacquer film and some of the occluded gases in the tube envelope by heating
21、, after aluminitation. See Di stort ion, Barrel Base That part of an electronic tube which is attached to or is a part of the envelope, and carries the majority of pins and contacts used to connect the electrodes to the external ,. circuit. 1, A glass rod used to support gun elements in the correct
22、relation to each other. 2. A small glass mass used to support and/or insulate parts and wires in a tube, Bead Beam Angle See Angle, Beam, Beam Current Bem Penetration CRT The electron current in a beam of a CRT at any stated cross-section. color and/or persistence can be altered by modulation of the
23、 screen voltage. attenuating layer between them (layer type) or as a single deposit of coated granules using several phosphors and attenuating 1 ayers between them (onionskin type). A potential applied to the cathode relative to 61 to control the flow of electrons through the gun, A tube with multip
24、le phosphors in close association whose The phosphors may be deposited separately with an electron Bias, Cathode EIA TEP192 84 = 3234600 0008538 8 L TEP- 192 Page 3 GLOSSARY OF CAB TU MS AND OEFINXTIONS Bias, Fixed A potential between cathode and GI which is maintained constant for a particular tube
25、. This may involve either grid or cathode bias. Bias, Grid Bias, Zero A potenti al, applied between cathode and G1 which controls the flow of electrons through the gun. A condition of operation where the potential on G1 is adjusted to a level equal to that of the cathode or vice-versa. Black and Whi
26、te Picture Tube See Picture Tube, Monochrome. 81 anking Blemish B1 i Ster Body Bottle Brightness Brui se BU1 Id-Up Bu1 b Bulls Eye Burn Burn-In Button ,Cataphoresis Cathode Interruption (cutoff) of the electron bam during retrace. A luminance or color defect in the display. A bubble in the glass due
27、 to the inclusion of air or other gas with dimensions beyond established limits. Blisters .030“ (.7mm) or small er in di meter are termed i1seedso8. See Funnel. See Envelope The attribute of visual perception by which an area appears to emit more or less light (Luminance is the phYsScal measurement
28、of this). A crushed area on a glass surface caused by impact. The increase in luminance with time from the initiation of excita- tion to the point where equil ibriun occurs or excitation ceases. See Envelope. A lens effect occurring in the viewing portion of a bulb usually associated with blown bulb
29、s, a) Destruction of a phosphor in a discrete area due to thermal b) Destruction of a phosphor in a discrete area due to phosphor aging over normal use. c) Discoloration, of a faceplate area due to electron browning. d) Discoloration of a faceplate area due to X-ray browning. The stabilization of a
30、CRT by operation for a periodof time. See Anode Contact. overload. A method of electrostatically depositing negatively charged particles in a fluid medium, onto a positively charged surface, e.g. phosphor coatings, heater coatings, cathode coatings, etc. electrode that is the source of the desired e
31、lectron emission. - EIA TEP192 BY 3234b00 0008539 T m TEP-192 Page 4 GLOSSARY OF CATHODE-RAY TUBE TERMS AND DEFINITIONS Cathode Activation Cathode Current The electrode current emitted from the cathode. Cathode Interface Layer The process of converting the cathode coating into an electron emi tter.
32、A cemi-conducting layer between the base metal and the coating of an oxide-coated cathode. Cathode Ray Bulb See Envelope. Cathode Ray Charge Storage Tube Cathode Ray Tube See Storage Tube, An electron beam tube in which the bem, or beams, can be focused to a desired cross section on a surface and va
33、ried in position and intensity to produce a visible or otherwise detectable pattern. Unless otherwise stated, the term cathode ray tube is reserved for devices in which the screen is cathodoluminescent and in which the output informa- tion is presented in the form of a pattern of light. A method of
34、electrostatically depositing negatively charged particles in a fluid medium, onto a positively charged surface, e.g. phosphor coatings, heater coatings, cathode coatings, etc. Cataphoresis Cathode Luninescence Luminescence produced by the bombardment of high-veloci ty. Cathode An electrode that is t
35、he source of the desired electron emission. a electrons on a meteria1 in a vacuum that emits luminous energy. CD Line The line perpendicular tothe neck axis at the junction of the bulb body and neck, This is at the beginning of the straight portion of the neck; therefore, it is the centerline Of the
36、 radius which . joins the body and the neck. Centering Coil This electromagnetk device is used .to align the electron beam of a CRT to the geometric center of the Screen or prescribed location, Centering Magnet Permanent magnet applied to the CRT neck that is used to align the electron beam of a CRT
37、 to the geometric center of the screen or other prescribed location, focus at different axial distances from the referenced plane of a 1 ens. Chrmatic Aberdtion A focus effect in which electrons of different velocities C1 ipping An unintentionally physical interference of the electron beam, Coating
38、Cathode A chemical compound which, when applied to certain base metals, and subsequently processed and aged in a vacumm, will emit electrons, The most common unactivated substance is a triple carbonate powder (consisting of barlun, strontiun, and calcium carbonates). which, after the tbreakdowntl pr
39、ocess, become oxides. After a subsequent “activation“ process (partial reduction to metallic bariwn) electron emission can tie 0 obtained. metal is usually nickel or nickel alloy. The barium serves to reduce the work function. The base - Y EIA TEP192 84 m 3234600 0008540 b m TEP-192 Page 5 GLOSSARY
40、OF CATHODE-RAY TUBE TERMS AND DEFINITIONS Coating Conducive, External Coating applied to the outside of a tube envelope for one or more of the following purposes: act as an electrostatic shield; act in conjunction with internal coat- ings as a “filter“ capacitor for the high voltage power supply. Co
41、ating applied to the inside surface of a tube envelope to establish a desired potential pattern. Prevent static charge build-up; Coating Conductive, Internal Coil, Deflection An electromagnetic device used to alter the direction of an electron beam. Coil, Focus See Focusing Coil Coil Stigmator See S
42、tigmator Col or The property of light by which an observer may distinguish between two adjacent structure free patches of light. of luminance, dominant wavelength, and purity. such as black, white and grex that possess a zero saturation (or chroma) are called achromatic colors, colors having a fin t
43、e saturat on or chroma are chromatic or colored. NOTE: Also refer to TEPAC Publication No. 116 for specificat on or description of color. Color may be stated in terms Neutral color qualities 0 Color PScture Tube A picture tube that produces a multi-color display. Coma A lens distortion in a CRT givi
44、ng a comet-like appearance to electron beam spot. the Coma Deflection Cone See Funnel, Contamination Unequal raster .sizes produced by mu1 tiple-beam guns. Impurities in the tube which can reduce cathode emission, degrade the vacuum, or cause phosphor screen blemishes. Contrast The ratio of the lmin
45、ance differential of the excited and non-excited portion of the phosphor screen to the sum of the luminances of the excited and non-excited portions. Contrast Ratio The ratio of the luminance of the excited to the non-excited portion of the phosphor screen. Control Grid A control electrode. Converge
46、nce The degree to which all corresponding points are superimposed over the entire screen surface of multiple electron beam spots in a multibeam tube, such as a color kinescope during scanning. The degree of superposition at all corresponding points of the projected beams of separate projection tubes
47、 at the screen of a projection system. Convergence, Dynamic The incorporation of a means (e for automatically converging the mu1 tip over the entire screen as a function of ectrostat ic or magnetic) e beam spots of a color CRT scanning. 4 TEP-192 Page 6 EIA TEP192 84 m 3234600 0008541 8 m GLOSSARY O
48、F CATHODE-RAY TUBE TERMS AND DEFINITIONS _ Convergence Electrode beams. An electrode whose electric field converges the electron Convergence Magnet Cord A magnet assembly whose magnetic field converges the electron beams . A narrow band of non-homogeneous glass having a stringy appearance due toits
49、having a different index of refraction from that of the surrounding glass. A discharge with slight luminosity produced in the neighborhood of a conductor, without greatly heating it, and limited to the region surrounding the conductor in which the electric field exceeds a certain value. Corona Discharge Corrector, Linearity Circuit used to insure uniform writing speed in either one or both display axes of a CRT screen or target. residual writing speed linearity errors of CRT yokes or deflection pl ates. or circuit used to correct a CRT display raster having conca
