1、ECMA ECMA-154 94 3404593 0019133 T52 = Standard ECMA- 154 Second Edition - June 1994 ECMA Standardizing Information and Communication Systems Data Interchange on 90 rnm Optical Disk Cartridges, Read only and Rewritable, M.O. Phone: t41 22 73536.34 - Fax: +41 22 786.52.31 - X.40: C=ch; A=arcom, P=ecm
2、a, O=genevanet. OUl=ecma, Shelpdesk - Internet: HelpdeskECMA.CH ECMA ECMA-154 94 3404593 0019134 999 Standard ECMA- 154 Second Edition -June 1994 ECMA Standardizing Information and Communication Systems Data Interchange on 90 mrn Optical Disk Cartridges, Read only and Rewritable, M.O. Phone: t41 22
3、735.36.34 - Fax: +41 22 786 52.31 - X.400: C=ch, A=arcom, P=ecma, O=genevanet, OU1 =ecma, S=helpdesk - Internet: HelpdeskECMA.CH MB - E-154-11 DOC ECMA ECMA-154 74 m 3404593 0019135 25 m Brief history Technical Committee ECMA TC31 for Optical Disk Cartridges was set up in 1984. The committee made ma
4、jor contributions to ISOAEC JTCl/SC23 for the development of 130 mm WORM Optical Disk Cartridges (ISOIIEC 9171) and of 130 mm Rewritable Optical Disk Cartridges using M.O. (ISOIIEC 10089). ECMA produced the camera-ready copies for these International Standards. In addition ECMA published the followi
5、ng Standards: ECMA- 130 ECMA-153 Data Interchange on Read-only 120 mm Optical Data Disks (CD-ROM) Information Interchange on 130 mm Optical Disk Cartridges of the Write One, Read Multiple (WORM) Type, using the Magneto-Optical Effect The former has been adopted by ISOIIEC as International Standard I
6、SOAEC 10149. ECMA-153 has been adopted as International Standard ISOAEC 1 1560. Whilst the optical disk cartridge according to Standard ECMA-153 is of the WORM type, the present Standard ECMA-154 specifies an optical disk cartridge of a smaller dimension (90 mm instead of 130 mm) which can be either
7、 fully pre-recorded, i.e. the data are embossed in the disk, or fully rewritable or may contain zones of either type. It has been developed in close co- operation with ISOAEC JTCi/SC23 and, in particular, with the National Bodies of Japan and USA. ECMA-154 has been adopted by ISOIIEC as Internationa
8、l Standard ISOAEC 10090. Adopted as 2nd Edition of Standard ECMA-154 by the General Assembly of June 1994. Section 1 - General ECMA ECMA-254 94 3404593 OOL9L36 7bl = -1- Table of contents Page 1 Scope 2 Conformance 3 Reference 4 Definitions 4.1 Case 4.2 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) 4.3 Embossed mar
9、k 4.4 Entrance surface 4.5 Error Correction Code (ECC) 4.6 Field 4.7 Format 4.8 Groove 4.9 Interleaving 4.10 Kerr rotation 4.1 1 Land and groove 4.12 Mark 4.13 Optical disk 4.14 Optical disk cartridge (ODC) 4.15 Polarization 4.16 Recording layer 4.17 Reed-Solomon code 4.18 Rewritable optical disk 4.
10、19 Sector 4.20 Substrate 4.21 Track 4.22 Zone 5 Conventions and notations 5.1 Representation of numbers 5.2 Names 6 List of acronyms 7 General description of the optical disk cartridge 8 General requirements 8.1 Environments 8.1.1 Testing environment 8.1.2 Operating environment 8.1.3 Storage environ
11、ment 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 9 Reference Drive 9.1 Optical system 9.2 Optical beam 9.3 Read channels 9.4 Tracking 9.5 Rotation of the disk ECMA ECMA-154 94 3404593 0019137 bTB - ii - 8.1.4 Transportation 8.2 Temperature shock 8.3 Safety requirements 8.4 Flammabi
12、lity Section 2 - Mechanical and physical characteristics 10 Dimensional and physical characteristics of the case 10. i General description of the case 10.2 Reference planes of the case 10.3 Dimensions of the case 10.3.1 Overall dimensions 10.3.2 Location hole 10.3.3 Alignment hole 10.3.4 Reference s
13、urfaces 10.3.5 Detents 10.3.6 Functional Areas 10.3.7 Spindle and head windows 10.3.8 Shutter 10.3.9 Path for shutter opener and shutter sensor notch 10.3. i0 Mis-insen protections 10.3.1 1 Gripper slots 10.3.12 Label area 10.4 Mechanical characteristics 10.4.1 Material 10.4.2 Mass 10.4.3 Edge disto
14、rtion 10.4.4 Compliance 10.4.5 Shutter opening force 11 Dimensional, mechanical and physical characteristics of the disk 1 1.1 General description of the disk 11.2 Reference axis and plane of the disk 1 1.3 Dimensions of the disk 11.3. i Hub dimensions 11.3.2 Clamping zone i 1.4 Mechanical character
15、istics 11.4.1 Material 11.4.2Mass 1 1.4.3 Moment of inertia 1 1.4.4 Imbalance 1 i .4.5 Axial deflection 1 i .4.6 Axial acceleration i 1.4.7 Radial runout 11.4.8 Radial acceleration 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 10 10 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 26 26 26 26 27 27 27 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 ECMA ECMA-154
16、94 3YOY.593 0039138 53Y 1 1.4.9 Tilt 11.5 Optical characteristics 1 1.5.1 Index of refraction 11.5.2 Thickness of the substrate 11 S.3 Birefringence 1 1 S.4 Reflectance 12 Interface between cartridge and drive 12.1 Clamping method 12.2 Clamping force 12.3 Capture cylinder 12.4 Disk position in opera
17、ting condition Section 3 - Format of information 13 Track geometry 13.1 Track shape 13.2 Direction of rotation 13.3 Track pitch 13.4 Track number 14 Track format 14.1 Track layout 14.2 Radial alignment 14.3 Sector Number 15 Sector format 15.1 Sector layout 15.2 Sector Mark 15.3 VFO fields 15.4 Addre
18、ss Mark (AM) 15.5 ID fields 15.6 Postambles (PA) 15.7 Offset Detection Field (ODF) 15.8 Gap 15.9 Sync 15.10 Data field 15.1 O. 1 User data bytes 15.10.2 CRC and ECC bytes 15.10.3 Resync bytes 15.1 I Buffer field 16 Recording code 17 Format of the information Zone 17.1 General description of the Info
19、rmation Zone 17.2 Division of the Information Zone 17.2.1 Initial Zone 17.2.2 Acquire Zone 17.2.3 Test Zones 17.2.3 Control Zones 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 30 30 30 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 33 33 33 34 34 34 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 36 36 36 37 37 37 38 38 38 38 ECMA ECMA-154 94 3409593 OOL9L39 Y70 -
20、 iv - 17.2.5 Data Zone 17.2.6 Buffer Zone 18 Format of the Data Zone I 8. I Defect Management Areas MAS) 18.2 Disk Definition Sector (DDS) I 8.3 Rewritable Zone 18.3.1 Location 18.3.2 Partitioning 18.4 Embossed Zone 18.4. I Location 18.4.2 Partitioning 18.4.3 Parity Sectors 19 Defect management in t
21、he Rewritable Zone 19.1 Initialization of the disk 19.2 Cemfication 19.2.1 Slipping Algorithm 19.2.2 Linear Replacement Algorithm 19.3 Disks not certified 19.4 Write procedure 19.5 Primary Defect List (PDL) 19.6 Secondary Defect List (SDL) Section 4 - Characteristics of embossed information 20 Metho
22、d of testing 20.1 Environment 20.2 Use of the Reference Drive 20.2.1 Optics and mechanics 20.2.2 Read power 20.2.3 Read channels 20.2.4 Tracking 20.3 Definition of signals 21 Signals from grooves 21 .I Cross-track signal 21.2 Cross-track minimum signal 21.3 Push-pull signal 21.4 Divided push-pull si
23、gnal 21.5 On-track signal 21.6 Phase depth 21.7 Track location 22 Signals from Headers 22.1 Sector Mark 22.2 VFOI and VF02 22.3 Address Mark, ID field and Postamble 39 39 39 40 41 43 43 43 43 43 43 44 44 44 45 45 45 45 45 45 46 47 47 47 48 48 48 48 48 48 50 50 50 50 51 51 51 51 51 51 52 52 23 Signal
24、s from embossed Recording fields 52 ECMA ECMA-LS4 94 3404573 0027LYO 292 m -v- Section 5 - Characteristics of the recording layer 24 Method of testing 24.1 Environment 24.2 Reference Drive 24.2.1 Optics and mechanics 24.2.2 Read power 24.2.3 Read channel 24.2.4 Tracking 24.3 Write conditions 24.3.1
25、Write pulse 24.3.2 Write power and pulse width 24.3.3 Write magnetic field 24.4 Erase conditions 24.4.1 Erase power 24.4.2 Erase magnetic field 24.5 Definition of signals 25 Magneto-optical characteristics 25.1 Figure of ment 25.2 Imbalance of the magneto-optical signal 26 Write characteristics 26.1
26、 Resolution 26.2 Narrow-band signal-to-noise ratio 26.3 Cross-tak 27 Erase characteristics Section 6 - Characteristics of user data 28 Method of testing 28.1 Environment 28.2 Reference Drive 28.2.1 Optics and mechanics 28.2.2 Read power 28.2.3 Read amplifiers 28.2.4 Analog-to-binary converters 28.2.
27、5 Error correction 28.2.6 Tracking 29 Minimum quality of a sector 29.1 Headers 29.1.1 Sector Mark 29.1.2 ID fields 29.2 User-written data 29.3 Embossed data 52 52 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 54 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 56 56 56 57 57 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 59 59 59 59 59 30 Data interchange req
28、uirements 59 ECMA ECMA-154 94 3404593 OOL9L4L O29 - vi - 30.1 Tracking 30.2 User-written data 30.3 Embossed data 30.4 Quality of disk Annex A - Edge distortion test Annex B - Compliance test Annex C - Track deviation measurement Annex D - CRC for ID fields Annex E - Format of the Data field of a sec
29、tor Annex F - Contents of the Control Zones Annex G - Guidelines for sector replacement Annex H - Measurement of the figure of ment Annex J - Read power, write power and erase power Annex K - Test method for measuring the adsorbent force of the hub Annex L - Deviation of the operating climatic envir
30、onment Annex M - Air cleanliness class 100 O00 Annex N - Position of the cartridge relative to the reference planes Annex P - Transportation Annex Q - Office environment Annex R - Relaxation by zones of the requirements for signais 59 59 59 59 61 63 65 69 71 75 83 85 87 89 91 95 97 99 101 103 ECMA E
31、CMA-154 74 = 3404573 OOL7142 Tb5 Section 1 - General 1 2 3 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Scope This ECMA Standard specifies - - the conditions for conformance testing and the Reference Drive; the mechanical and physical characteristics of the cartridge, so as to provide mechanical interchangeability between
32、 data processing systems; the format of the information on the disk, both embossed and user-written; the characteristics of the embossed information on the disk; the magneto-optical characteristics of the disk, enabling processing systems to write data onto the disk; the minimum quality of user-writ
33、ten data on the disk, enabling data processing systems to read data from the disk. - - - - Conformance A 90 mm optical disk cartridge is in conformance with this ECMA Standard if it meets all mandatory requirements specified herein. Annex R specifies the zones of the disk in which the requirements f
34、or the signal characteristics given in the body of this ECMA Standard shall be met, and the zones in which a relaxation of these requirements is permitted. A drive claiming conformance with this ECMA Standard shall be able, in the operating environment, to write on any optical disk carfridge which i
35、s in conformance with this ECMA Standard, and to read from any optical disk cartridge which is in conformance with this ECMA Standard. A drive shall not claim conformance if it cannot accept the full range of media conforming to this ECMA Standard but only a specific sub-set of it. Reference ECMA- 1
36、29 Information Technology Equipment - Safety Definitions For the purpose of this ECMA Standard the following definitions apply. Case The housing for an optical disk, that protects the disk and facilitates disk interchange. Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) A method for detecting errors in data. Embossed
37、 mark A mark so formed as to be unalterable by magneto-optical means. Entrance surface The surface of the disk on to which the optical beam first impinges. Error Correction Code (ECC) An error-detecting code designed to correct certain kinds of errors in data. 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.1
38、4 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 ECMA ECMA-154 94 3404593 0019143 9TL -2- Field A subdivision of a sector. Format The arrangement or layout of information on the disk. Groove See 4.11. Interleaving The process of allocating the physical sequence of units of data so as to render the data more immune to bur
39、st errors Kerr rotation The rotation of the plane of polarization of an optical beam upon reflection from the recording layer, as caused by the magneto-optical effect. Land and groove A trench-like feature of the disk, applied before the recording of any information, and used to define the track loc
40、ation. The groove is located nearer to the entrance surface than the land with which it is paired to form a track. Mark A feature of the recording layer which may take the form of a magnetic domain, a pit, or any other type or form that can be sensed by the optical system. The pattern of marks repre
41、sents the data on the disk. NOTE 1 Subdivisions of a sector which are named mark are not marks in the sense of this definition. Optical disk A disk that will accept and retain information in the form of marks in a recording layer, that can be read with an optical beam. Optical disk cartridge (ODC) A
42、 device consisting of a case containing an optical disk. Polarization The direction of polarization of an optical beam is the direction of the electric vector of the beam. NOTE 2 The plane of polarization is the plane containing the electric vector and the direction of propagation of the beam. The p
43、olariution is right-handed when to an observer looking in the direction of propagation of the beam, the end- point of the electric vector would appear to describe an ellipse in the clockwise sense. Recording layer A layer of the disk on, or in, which data is written during manufacture andor use. Ree
44、d-Solomon code An error detection and/or correction code which is particularly suited to the correction of errors which occur in bursts or are strongly correlated. Rewritable optical disk An optical disk in which data in specified areas can be written, erased and rewritten by an optical beam. Sector
45、 The smallest addressable part of a track in the Information Zone of a disk that can be accessed independently of other addressable parts of the zone. ECMA ECMA-354 94 3404593 0037344 838 -3- 4.20 Substrate A transparent layer of the disk, provided for mechanical support of the recording layer, thro
46、ugh which the optical beam accesses the recording layer. 4.21 Track The path which is to be followed by the focus of the optical beam during one revolution of the disk. 4.22 Zone An annular area of the disk. 5 Conventions and notations 5.1 Representation of numbers - A measured value is rounded off
47、to the least significant digit of the corresponding specified value. It implies that a specified value of 1,26 with a positive tolerance of + 0,01, and a negative tolerance of -0,02 allows a range of measured values from 1,235 to 1,275. Letters and digits in parentheses represent numbers in hexadeci
48、mal notation. The setting of a bit is denoted by ZERO or ONE. Numbers in binary notation and bit combinations are represented by strings of ZEROS and ONES. Numbers in binary notation and bit combinations are shown with the most significant bit to the left. Negative values of numbers in binary notati
49、on are given in TWOS complement. In each field the data is recorded so that the most significant byte (byte O) is recorded first. Within each byte the least significant bit is numbered O and is recorded last, the most significant bit (numbered 7 in an 8-bit byte) is recorded first. This order of recording applies also to the data input of the Error Detection and Correction circuits and to their output. - - - - - - 5.2 Names The names of entities, e.g. specific tracks, fields, etc., are given with a capital initial. 6 List of acronyms AM Address Mark CCS CRC Cyclic Redundancy
