1、Standard ECMA-238June 1996Standardizing Information and Communication SystemsPhone: +41 22 849.60.00 - Fax: +41 22 849.60.01 - URL: http:/www.ecma.ch - Internet: helpdeskecma.chData Interchange on 130 mmOptical Disk Cartridges of TypeWORM (Write Once ReadMany) Using Irreversible Effects- Capacity: 2
2、,6 Gbytes perCartridge -Standard ECMA-238June 1996Standardizing Information and Communication SystemsPhone: +41 22 849.60.00 - Fax: +41 22 849.60.01 - URL: http:/www.ecma.ch - Internet: helpdeskecma.chMB ECMA-238.DOC 07-08-96 12,01Data Interchange on 130 mmOptical Disk Cartridges of TypeWORM (Write
3、Once ReadMany) Using Irreversible Effects- Capacity: 2,6 Gbytes perCartridge -Brief HistoryTechnical Committee ECMA TC31 for Optical Disk Cartridges (ODCs) was set up in 1984. The Committee made majorcontributions to ISO/IEC JTC1/SC23 to the development of standards for 90 mm, 120 mm, 130 mm and 300
4、 mm ODCs, andprovided camera-ready copies for most International Standards for ODCs. ECMA has published the following ECMAStandards for ODCs, most of them have been adopted by ISO/IEC under the fast-track procedure.ECMA-130 (1988) Data Interchange on Read-only 120 mm Optical Data Disks (CD-ROM)(ISO/
5、IEC 10149)ECMA-153 (1991) Information Interchange on 130 mm Optical Disk Cartridges of the Write Once, Read Multiple(ISO/IEC 11560) (WORM) Type, using the Magneto-Optical EffectECMA-154 (1991) Data Interchange on 90 mm Optical Disk Cartridges, Read-Only and Rewritable M.O.(ISO/IEC 10090)ECMA-183 (19
6、92) Data Interchange on 130 mm Optical Disk Cartridges - Capacity 1 Gbyte(ISO/IEC 13481)ECMA-184 (1992) Data Interchange on 130 mm Optical Disk Cartridges - Capacity 1,3 Gbytes(ISO/IEC 13549)ECMA-189 (1993) Information Interchange on 300 mm ODCs of the WORM Type using the SSF Method(ISO/IEC 13403)EC
7、MA-190 (1993) Information Interchange on 300 mm ODCs of the WORM Type using the CCS Method(ISO/IEC 13614)ECMA-195 (1995) Data Interchange on 130 mm Optical Disk Cartridges - Capacity 2 Gbytes(ISO/IEC 13842)ECMA-201 (1994) Data Interchange on 90 mm Optical Disk Cartridges - Capacity 230 Mbytes(ISO/IE
8、C 13963)ECMA-223 (1995) Data Interchange on 90 mm Optical Disk Cartridges - Capacity 385 MbytesThe present ECMA Standard specifies an ODC of Type WORM which cannot be erased or over-written without detection. Inorder to clearly differentiate this type from Type WO where a microcode is used to protec
9、t against undetectable over-writing ofM.O. disks, the term “irreversible effects“ has been introduced in the title. The ODC specified by this ECMA Standard is basedon the forthcoming International Standard ISO/IEC 14517 for an ODC available in seven different types. The ODC of TypeWORM according to
10、this ECMA Standard is built upon the same MO base and retains all physical and embossedcharacteristics of ISO/IEC 14517, but differs in the description of the recording layer, of the signals, and of the defectmanagement.This ECMA Standard has been adopted by the ECMA General Assembly of June 1996.-
11、i -Table of contentsSection 1 - General 11 Scope 12 Conformance 12.1 Optical Disk Cartridge (ODC) 12.2 Generating system 12.3 Receiving system 12.4 Compatibility statement 13 Reference 14 Definitions 14.1 band 14.2 case 24.3 clamping zone 24.4 control track 24.5 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) 24.6 de
12、fect management 24.7 disk reference plane 24.8 entrance surface 24.9 Error Correction Code (ECC) 24.10 format 24.11 hub24.12 interleaving 24.13 land and groove 24.14 logical track 24.15 mark 24.16 mark edge 24.17 mark edge recording 24.18 optical disk 34.19 optical disk cartridge (ODC) 34.20 physica
13、l track 34.21 polarization 34.22 pre-recorded mark 34.23 read power 34.24 recording layer 34.25 Reed-Solomon code 34.26 space 34.27 spindle 34.28 substrate 34.29 track pitch 34.30 write-inhibit hole 34.31 zone 35 Conventions and notations 45.1 Representation of numbers 45.2 Names 46 List of acronyms
14、 4- ii -7 General description of the optical disk cartridge 58 General requirements 58.1 Environments 58.1.1 Test environment 58.1.2 Operating environment 58.1.3 Storage environment 68.1.4 Transportation 68.2 Temperature shock 68.3 Safety requirements 68.4 Flammability 69 Reference Drive 69.1 Optica
15、l system 69.2 Optical beam 89.3 Read Channels 89.4 Tracking 89.5 Rotation of the disk 8Section 2 - Mechanical and physical characteristics 910 Dimensional and physical characteristics of the case 910.1 General description of the case 910.2 Relationship of Sides A and B 910.3 Reference axes and case
16、reference planes 910.4 Case Drawings 910.5 Dimensions of the case 910.5.1 Overall dimensions 1010.5.2 Location hole 1010.5.3 Alignment hole 1110.5.4 Surfaces on Reference Planes P 1110.5.5 Insertion slots and detent features 1210.5.6 Gripper slots 1210.5.7 Write-inhibit holes 1310.5.8 Media sensor h
17、oles 1310.5.9 Head and motor window 1410.5.10 Shutter 1410.5.11 Slot for shutter opener 1510.5.12 Shutter sensor notch 1510.5.13 User label areas 1610.6 Mechanical characteristics 1610.6.1 Materials 1610.6.2 Mass 1610.6.3 Edge distortion 1610.6.4 Compliance 1610.6.5 Shutter opening force 1610.7 Drop
18、 test 1611 Dimensional, mechanical and physical characteristics of the disk 1711.1 General description of the disk 1711.2 Reference axis and plane of the disk 1711.3 Dimensions of the disk 17- iii -11.3.1 Hub dimension 1711.4 Mechanical characteristics 1811.4.1 Material 1811.4.2 Mass 1811.4.3 Moment
19、 of inertia 1811.4.4 Imbalance 1811.4.5 Axial deflection 1811.4.6 Axial acceleration 1911.4.7 Radial runout 1911.4.8 Radial acceleration 1911.4.9 Tilt 2011.5 Optical characteristics 2011.5.1 Index of refraction 2011.5.2 Thickness 2011.5.3 Birefringence 2011.5.4 Vertical Birefringence 2011.5.5 Reflec
20、tance 2012 Interface between cartridge and drive 2112.1 Clamping method 2112.2 Clamping force 2112.3 Capture cylinder 2112.4 Disk position in the operating condition 21Section 3 - Format of information 3613 Track geometry 3613.1 Track shape 3613.2 Direction of track spiral 3613.3 Track pitch 3613.4
21、Logical track number 3613.5 Physical track number 3614 Track format 3614.1 Physical track layout 3614.2 Logical track layout 3714.3 Radial alignment 3714.4 Sector number 3715 Sector format 3715.1 Sector layout 3715.2 Sector Mark 3715.3 VFO fields 3815.4 Address Mark (AM) 3915.5 ID fields 3915.6 Post
22、amble (PA) 4015.7 Gap 4015.8 Flag 4015.9 Auto Laser Power Control (ALPC) 4015.10 Sync 4115.11 Data field 4115.11.1 User data bytes 4115.11.2 CRC and ECC bytes 41- iv -15.11.3 Bytes for Defect Management Pointers (DMP) 4115.11.4 Resync bytes 4115.12 Buffer field 4116 Recording Code 4217 Formatted Zon
23、e 4317.1 General description of the Formatted Zone 4317.2 Division of the Formatted Zone 4317.2.1 Lead-in Zone 4517.2.2 Manufacturer Zones 4517.2.3 User Zone 4617.2.4 Reflective Zone 4617.2.5 Control Track Zones 4617.3 Control Track PEP Zone 4617.3.1 Recording in the PEP Zone 4617.3.2 Format of the
24、tracks of the PEP Zone 4717.4 Control Track SFP Zones 5117.4.1 Duplicate of the PEP information 5117.4.2 Media information 5117.4.3 System Information 5318 Layout of the User Zone 5418.1 General description of the User Zone 5418.2 Divisions of the User Zone 5418.2.1 Reserved Area Use 5518.3 User Are
25、a 5518.4 Defect Management Areas (DMAs) 5618.5 Disk Structure Table (DST) 5718.6 Write Once Read Many (WORM) Zone 5818.6.1 Location 5918.6.2 Partitioning 5919 Defect Management for WORM Media 5919.1 Initialization of the disk 5919.2 Defect Management Pointers. 5919.3 Write procedure 6019.3.1 Read Pr
26、ocedure 60Section 4 - Characteristics of embossed information 6220 Method of testing 6220.1 Environment 6220.2 Use of the Reference Drive 6220.2.1 Optics and mechanics 6220.2.2 Read power 6220.2.3 Read Channels 6220.2.4 Tracking 6220.3 Definition of signals 62- v -21 Signal from grooves 6521.1 Cross
27、-track signal 6521.2 Push-pull signal 6521.3 Divided push-pull signal 6521.4 Phase depth 6621.5 Track location 6622 Signals from Headers 6622.1 Sector Mark Signals 6622.2 VFO signals 6622.3 Address Mark, ID and PA signals 6622.4 Timing jitter 6723 Signals from embossed Recording fields 6723.1 Signal
28、 amplitude 6723.2 Modulation method offset 6723.3 Timing Jitter 6823.4 Byte Errors 6824 Signals from Control Track PEP marks 68Section 5 - Characteristics of the recording layer 6925 Method of testing 6925.1 Environment 6925.2 Reference Drive 6925.2.1 Optics and mechanics 6925.2.2 Read power 6925.2.
29、3 Read Channel 6925.2.4 Tracking 6925.2.5 Signal detection for testing purposes 6925.3 Write conditions 6925.3.1 Write pulse and power 6925.3.2 Pulse power determination 7025.3.3 Media power sensitivity 7025.4 Definition of signals 7126 Imbalance of difference signal 7127 Write characteristics 7127.
30、1 Resolution 7127.2 Narrow-band signal-to-noise ratio 7127.3 Cross-talk ratio 7227.3.1 WORM track test method 7227.4 Timing Jitter 7227.5 Media thermal interaction 72Section 6 - Characteristics of user data 7328 Method of testing 7328.1 Environment 73- vi -28.2 Reference Drive 7328.2.1 Optics and me
31、chanics 7328.2.2 Read power 7328.2.3 Read amplifiers 7328.2.4 Mark Quality 7328.2.5 Channel bit clock 7428.2.6 Binary-to-digital converters 7428.2.7 Error correction 7428.2.8 Tracking 7429 Minimum quality of a sector 7429.1 Headers 7429.1.1 Sector Mark 7429.1.2 ID fields 7429.2 User-written data 742
32、9.2.1 Recording field 7429.2.2 Byte errors 7429.2.3 Modulation method offset 7529.2.4 Timing jitter 7530 Data interchange requirements 7530.1 Tracking 7530.2 User-written data 7530.3 Quality of disk 75Annex A - Air cleanliness class 100 000 77Annex B - Edge distortion test 79Annex C - Compliance tes
33、t 81Annex D - Test method for measuring the adsorbent force of the hub 83Annex E - CRC for ID fields 85Annex F - Interleave, CRC, ECC, Resync for the Data Field 87Annex G - Determination of Resync pattern 91Annex H - Read Channel for measuring NBSNR and jitter 97Annex J - Timing jitter measuring pro
34、cedure 99Annex K - Definition of write pulse shape 101Annex L - Implementation Independent Mark Quality Determination (IIMQD) for theinterchange of recorded media 103Annex M - Requirements for interchange 107Annex N - Measurement implementation for Cross-track signal 109Annex P - Values to be implem
35、ented in existing and future standards 111Annex Q - Office environment 113Annex R - Derivation of the operating climatic environment 115Annex S - Transportation 121Annex T - Sector retirement guidelines 123- vii -Annex U - Track deviation measurement 125Annex V - Measure of substrate vertical birefr
36、ingence 129Annex W - Laser Power Calibration for evaluation of media power sensitivity 131Section 1 - General1ScopeThis ECMA Standard specifies the characteristics of a 130 mm optical disk cartridge (ODC) of Type WORM (WriteOnce Read Many) with a capacity of 2,6 Gbytes. Type WORM ODCs use writing ef
37、fects that are inherentlyirreversible. Written marks cannot be erased and attempted modification of the written marks are detectable.This ECMA Standard specifies the conditions for conformance testing and the Reference Drive; the environments in which the cartridges are to be operated and stored; th
38、e mechanical, physical and dimensional characteristics of the cartridge, so as to provide mechanical interchangeability between data processing systems; the format of the information on the disk, both embossed and user-written, including the physical disposition of thetracks and sectors, the error c
39、orrection codes, the modulation methods used; the characteristics of the embossed information on the disk; the recording characteristics of the disk, enabling processing systems to write data onto the disk; the minimum quality of user-written data on the disk, enabling data processing systems to rea
40、d data from the disk.This ECMA Standard provides for interchange between optical disk drives. Together with a standard for volume andfile structure it provides for full data interchange between data processing systems.2 Conformance2.1 Optical Disk Cartridge (ODC)An Optical Disk Cartridge shall be in
41、 conformance with this ECMA Standard if it meets the mandatoryrequirements specified herein. A claim of conformance shall state that the ODC is of Type WORM.2.2 Generating systemA generating system shall be in conformance with this ECMA Standard if the ODC it generates is in accordancewith 2.1.2.3 R
42、eceiving systemA receiving system shall be in conformance with this ECMA Standard if it is able to handle an ODC according to2.12.4 Compatibility statementA claim of conformance by a generating or receiving system with this ECMA Standard shall include a statementlisting any other ECMA or Internation
43、al Optical Disk Cartridge standard(s) supported by the system for whichconformance is claimed. This statement shall specify the number of the standard(s), including, where appropriate,the ODC Type(s), or the Types of side, and whether support includes reading only or both reading and writing.3 Refer
44、enceECMA-129 (1995) Safety of Information Technology, including electronic business equipment4 DefinitionsFor the purpose of this ECMA Standard the following definitions apply.4.1 bandAn annular area within the user zone on the disk having a constant clock frequency.- 2 -4.2 caseThe housing for an o
45、ptical disk, that protects the disk and facilitates disk interchange.4.3 clamping zoneThe annular part of the disk within which the clamping force is applied by the clamping device.4.4 control trackA track containing the information on media parameters and format necessary for writing, reading and e
46、rasing(read/write disks only) the remaining tracks on the optical disk.4.5 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)A method for detecting errors in data.4.6 defect managementA method for handling the defective areas on the disk.4.7 disk reference planeA plane defined by the perfectly flat annular surface of an
47、 ideal spindle onto which the clamping zone of the disk isclamped, and which is normal to the axis of rotation.4.8 entrance surfaceThe surface of the disk on to which the optical beam first impinges.4.9 Error Correction Code (ECC)An error-detecting code designed to correct certain kinds of errors in
48、 data.4.10 formatThe arrangement or layout of information on the disk.4.11 hubThe central feature on the disk which interacts with the spindle of the disk drive to provide radial centring and theclamping force.4.12 interleavingThe process of allocating the physical sequence of units of data so as to
49、 render the data more immune to bursterrors.4.13 land and grooveA trench-like feature of the disk, applied before the recording of any information, and used to define the tracklocation. The groove is located nearer to the entrance surface than the land with which it is paired to form a track.4.14 logical track17 consecutive sectors in one or more physical tracks. The first sector of each logical track is assigned sectornumber 0.4.15 markA feature of the recording layer which may take the form of a crystalline region a pit, or any other type or form thatcan be sensed as a reflectiv
