1、Standard ECMA-239June 1996Standardizing Information and Communication SystemsPhone: +41 22 849.60.00 - Fax: +41 22 849.60.01 - URL: http:/www.ecma.ch - Internet: helpdeskecma.chData Interchange on 90 mm OpticalDisk Cartridges - HS-1 Format -Capacity: 650 Megabytes per CartridgeStandard ECMA-239June
2、1996Standardizing Information and Communication SystemsPhone: +41 22 849.60.00 - Fax: +41 22 849.60.01 - URL: http:/www.ecma.ch - Internet: helpdeskecma.chMB- ECMA-239.DOC - 07.08.96 12,08Data Interchange on 90 mm OpticalDisk Cartridges - HS-1 Format -Capacity: 650 Megabytes per CartridgeBrief Histo
3、ryECMA Technical Committee TC31 was established in 1984 for the standardization of Optical Disk Cartridges (ODCs). Sinceits establishment, the Committee has made major contributions to ISO/IEC JTC1/SC23 toward the development ofInternational Standards for 90 mm, 120 mm, 130 mm and 300 mm ODCs. Numer
4、ous ODC standards have been developed byECMA TC31 and published as ECMA Standards, many of which have been adopted by ISO/IEC under the fast trackprocedure.In April 1995 a group of three companies proposed to ECMA the development of a new standard with ECMA TC31 for 90 mmODCs using a format known as
5、 “Hyper-Storage (HS-1)” and having a storage capacity of 650 Megabytes per cartridge.Receiving unanimous support from its members, ECMA TC31 began work to bring the specification into a form suitable for anECMA Standard. The 1st draft standard was introduced at the July 1995 meeting of TC31 held in
6、Sapporo, Japan.The standard was evolved through six subsequent drafts, culminating in the production of this final draft during April 1996.During that process, according to ECMA TC31 operating guidelines, all technical requirements of this standard were verifiedby at least two member organizations o
7、f TC31 and ODCs according to this standard were made available.This ECMA Standard has been adopted by the ECMA General Assembly of June 1996.- i -Table of ContentsSection 1 - General 11 Scope 12 Conformance 12.1 Optical disk cartridge (ODC) 12.2 Generating system 12.3 Receiving system 12.4 Compatibi
8、lity statement 13 Reference 24 Definitions 24.1 band 24.2 case 24.3 Channel bit 24.4 clamping zone 24.5 control zone 24.6 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) 24.7 data clock 24.8 defect management 24.9 disk reference plane 24.10 embossed mark 24.11 entrance surface 24.12 Error Correction Code (ECC) 24.13
9、field 24.14 format 24.15 frame 24.16 flyable zone 34.17 groove 34.18 Gray code Encoded Part (GEP) 34.19 hub 34.20 interleaving 34.21 Kerr rotation 34.22 land and groove 34.23 magnetic field modulation 34.24 mark 34.25 optical disk 34.26 optical disk cartridge (ODC) 34.27 polarization 34.28 protectiv
10、e coating 34.29 read power 34.30 recording magnetic field 44.31 recording layer 44.32 Reed-Solomon code 44.33 servo clock 44.34 sector 44.35 segment 44.36 spindle 44.37 substrate 44.38 track 44.39 track pitch 4- ii -4.40 zone 45 Conventions and notations 45.1 Representation of numbers 45.2 Names 56
11、List of acronyms 57 General description of the optical disk cartridge 58 General requirements 58.1 Environments 58.1.1 Testing environment 58.1.2 Operating environment 68.1.3 Storage environment 68.1.4 Transportation 68.2 Temperature shock 68.3 Safety requirements 68.4 Flammability 79 Reference Driv
12、e 79.1 Optical system 79.2 Optical beam 89.3 Read channels 89.4 Tracking 99.5 Rotation of the disk 9Section 2 - Mechanical and physical characteristics 1010 Dimensional and physical characteristics of the case 1010.1 General description of the case 1010.2 Reference planes of the case 1010.3 Dimensio
13、ns of the case 1010.3.1 Overall dimensions 1010.3.2 Location hole 1010.3.3 Alignment hole 1110.3.4 Reference surfaces 1110.3.5 Insertion slots and detent features 1210.3.6 Functional Areas 1210.3.7 Spindle and head windows 1310.3.8 Shutter 1410.3.9 Path for shutter opener and shutter sensor notch 15
14、10.3.10 Label area 1510.4 Mechanical characteristics 1610.4.1 Material 1610.4.2 Mass 1610.4.3 Edge distortion 1610.4.4 Compliance 1610.4.5 Shutter opening force 1611 Dimensional, mechanical and physical characteristics of the disk 2711.1 General description of the disk 27- iii -11.2 Reference axis a
15、nd plane of the disk 2711.3 Dimensions of the disk 2711.3.1 Hub dimensions 2711.3.2 Clamping zone 2811.4 Mechanical characteristics 2811.4.1 Material 2811.4.2 Mass 2811.4.3 Moment of inertia 2811.4.4 Imbalance 2811.4.5 Axial deflection 2911.4.6 Axial acceleration 2911.4.7 Radial runout 2911.4.8 Radi
16、al acceleration 2911.4.9 Tilt 3011.5 Optical characteristics 3011.5.1 Index of refraction 3011.5.2 Thickness of the substrate 3011.5.3 Reflectance 3011.6 Protective coating 3011.6.1 General description of protective coating 3011.6.2 General description of the flyable zone 3011.6.3 Characteristics of
17、 the protective coating in the flyable zone 3011.6.4 Dimensions of the protective coating outside the flyable zone 3112 Interface between cartridge and drive 3212.1 Clamping method 3212.2 Clamping force 3212.3 Capture cylinder 3212.4 Disk position in operating conditions 32Section 3 - Format of info
18、rmation 3413 Track geometry 3413.1 Track shape 3413.2 Direction of track spiral 3413.3 Track pitch 3414 Track format 3414.1 Track number 3414.2 Track layout 3414.3 Clock frequencies 3514.3.1 Servo clock 3514.3.2 Data clock 3514.4 Frame number 3515 Segment format 3715.1 Layout of Address Segments 371
19、5.1.1 Servo field 3815.1.2 Gap 3815.1.3 Address field 3815.1.4 ALPC 39- iv -15.2 Layout of Data Segments 3915.2.1 Servo field 3915.2.2 Pre-write field 3915.2.3 Data field 4015.2.4 Post-write field 4015.3 Position accuracy of data pits 4116 Sector format 4116.1 Sector layout 4116.2 Reference data 421
20、6.3 Sector Data field 4316.3.1 User Data bytes 4316.3.2 UD/SIP bytes 4316.3.3 CRC and ECC bytes 4316.4 Buffer field 4316.5 Sector number 4317 Recording code 4418 Format of the Information Zone 4418.1 General description of the Information Zone 4418.2 Division of the Information Zone 4418.3 Control Z
21、ones 4618.3.1 GEP Zone 4618.3.2 SFP Zone 4718.3.3 Buffer Zone 4718.3.4 Transition Zone 4718.4 Test Zone 4718.5 Data Zone 4819 Format of the Data Zone 4819.1 Buffer Sectors in the Data Zone of P-ROM 4919.2 Defect Management Areas (DMAs) 4919.3 Disk Definition Structure (DDS) 5019.3.1 Fully Rewritable
22、 Disks 5219.3.2 Fully Embossed Disks 5219.3.3 Partially Embossed Disks 5219.4 Partitioning 5219.4.1 Fully Rewritable Disks 5219.4.2 Partially Embossed Disks 5219.4.3 Fully Embossed Disks 5220 Defect Management 5520.1 Rewritable groups: Spare sectors 5520.1.1 Initialization of the Disk 5520.1.2 Certi
23、fication 5520.1.3 Disks not certified 5620.1.4 Write procedure 5620.1.5 Primary Defect List (PDL) 5620.1.6 Secondary Defect List (SDL) 5720.2 Embossed groups: Sector Interleave Parity 58- v -Section 4 - Characteristics of embossed information 5921 Method of testing 5921.1 Environment 5921.2 Use of t
24、he Reference Drive 5921.2.1 Optics and mechanics 5921.2.2 Read power 5921.2.3 Read channels 5921.2.4 Tracking 5921.3 Definition of signals 5922 Signals from Wobble Marks 5922.1 On-track modulation 6022.2 Off-track modulation 6022.3 Wobble Mark Imbalance 6022.4 Tracking error modulation 6022.5 FWHM 6
25、022.6 Jitter of Wobble Marks 6123 Signals from Segment Marks and Address fields 6223.1 Segment Marks 6223.2 Address fields 6223.3 FWHM 6223.4 Segment Mark position 6224 Signal from grooves 6324.1 Groove offset 6324.2 On-track signal 6324.3 Phase depth 6325 Signals from embossed Recording fields 6425
26、.1 Signal amplitude 6425.2 Signal asymmetry 64Section 5 - Characteristics of the recording layer 6626 Method of testing 6626.1 Environments 6626.2 Reference Drive 6626.2.1 Optics and mechanics 6626.2.2 Read power 6626.2.3 Read channel 6626.2.4 Tracking 6626.3 Overwrite conditions 6626.3.1 Write puls
27、e 6626.3.2 Write magnetic field 6626.3.3 N-mark and S-mark 6726.4 Definition of signals 6727 Magneto-optical characteristics 6727.1 Figure of merit 67- vi -27.2 Imbalance of the magneto-optical signal 6828 Overwrite characteristics 6828.1 Definition of 2T and Isolated patterns of 1S and 1SR 6828.2 R
28、esolution 6828.3 SNR 6828.4 Write power window 70Section 6 - Characteristics of user data 7129 Method of testing 7129.1 Environment 7129.2 Reference Drive 7129.2.1 Optics and mechanics 7129.2.2 Read power 7129.2.3 Read amplifiers 7129.2.4 Analog-to-binary converters 7129.2.5 Error correction 7129.2.
29、6 Tracking 7130 Minimum quality of a sector 7130.1 Segment Marks and Address fields 7230.1.1 Segment Marks 7230.1.2 Address fields 7230.2 User-written data 7230.3 Embossed data 7231 Data interchange requirements 7231.1 Tracking 7231.2 User-written data 7231.3 Embossed data 7231.4 Quality of disk 72A
30、nnex A Edge distortion test 73Annex B Compliance test 75Annex C Format of the Sector Data field 77Annex D Contents of the Control Zones 83Annex E Level Clamping Circuit 95Annex F Measurement of the figure of merit 97Annex G Write power 99Annex H Test method for measuring the absorbent force of the h
31、ub 101Annex J Air cleanliness class 100 000 103Annex K Position of the cartridge relative to the reference planes 105Annex L Relaxation by zones of the requirement for signals 107Annex M A method for calculation of the sector number 109Annex N Scrambling of recording data 111Annex P Guidelines for s
32、ector replacement 113- vii -Annex Q Test method for measuring the friction force and wear in thickness 115Annex R Track deviation measurement 117Annex S Derivation of the operating climatic environment 121Annex T Transportation 127Annex U Office environment 129Annex V Values to be implemented in exi
33、sting and future specifications 131Annex W Detection of the Segment Mark positions 133Section 1 - General1ScopeThis ECMA Standard specifies the characteristics of 90 mm Optical Disk Cartridges (ODC) with a capacity of650 Mbytes per Cartridge. The Standard specifies three related, but different imple
34、mentations of such cartridges, viz.Type R/W Provides for data to be written and read many times over the recording surface of the disk using thethermo-magnetic and magneto-optical effects.Type P-ROM Provides for a part of the recording surface of the disk to be embossed by stamping or other means.Th
35、is part of the disk is read without recourse to the magneto-optical effect. The part which is notembossed provides for data to meet the requirements of Type R/W.Type O-ROM Provides for the recording surface of the disk to be embossed and reproduced by stamping or othermeans. This type of disk is rea
36、d without recourse to the magneto-optical effect.Type R/W, Type P-ROM and Type O-ROM are also referred to as “fully rewritable”, “partially embossed” and “fullyembossed”, respectively.This ECMA Standard specifies the conditions for conformance testing and the Reference Drive; the environments in whi
37、ch the cartridges are to be operated and stored; the mechanical and physical characteristics of the cartridge, so as to provide mechanical interchangeability betweendata processing systems; the format of the information on the disk, called HS-1 (HS stands for “Hyper-Storage”), including the physical
38、disposition of the tracks and sectors, the error correction codes, and the recording method used; the characteristics of the embossed information on the disk; the magneto-optical characteristics of the disk, enabling processing systems to write data onto the disk; the minimum quality of user-written
39、 data on the disk, enabling data processing systems to read data from the disk.This ECMA Standard provides for interchange between optical disk drives. Together with a standard for volume andfile structure, it provides for full data interchange between data processing systems.2 Conformance2.1 Optica
40、l disk cartridge (ODC)A claim of conformance with this ECMA Standard shall specify its Type. An ODC shall be in conformance if itmeets all mandatory requirements specified herein for that Type.2.2 Generating systemA claim of conformance with this ECMA Standard shall specify which Type(s) is (are) su
41、pported. A systemgenerating an ODC for interchange shall be in conformance with this ECMA Standard if the ODC meets themandatory requirements of this ECMA Standard for the Type(s) specified.2.3 Receiving systemA claim of conformance with this ECMA Standard shall specify which Type(s) is (are) suppor
42、ted. A systemreceiving an ODC for interchange shall be in conformance with this ECMA Standard if it is able to process anyrecording made on the cartridge in accordance with 2.1 for the Type(s) specified.2.4 Compatibility statementA claim of conformance by a Generating or Receiving system with this E
43、CMA Standard shall include a statementlisting any other ECMA and International Standards supported. This statement shall specify the number of thestandard(s), the ODC type(s) supported (where appropriate) and whether support includes reading only or bothreading and writing.- 2 -3 ReferenceECMA-129 (
44、1994) Information Technology Equipment - Safety4 DefinitionsFor the purpose of this ECMA Standard the following definitions apply.4.1 bandA part of the Data Zone comprising a fixed number of consecutive physical tracks.4.2 caseThe housing for an optical disk, that protects the disk and facilitates d
45、isk interchange.4.3 Channel bitThe smallest element for the representation of data on a disk. It is recorded as either a space or a mark.4.4 clamping zoneThe annular part of the disk within which the clamping force is applied by the clamping device.4.5 control zoneA zone containing the information o
46、n media parameters and format necessary for writing and reading the remainingtracks of the optical disk.4.6 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)A method for detecting errors in data.4.7 data clockA clock for data detection and data recording, generated by a PLL synchronized to servo marks.4.8 defect manage
47、mentA method for handling the defective areas on the disk.4.9 disk reference planeA plane defined by the perfectly flat annular surface of an ideal spindle onto which the clamping zone of the disk isclamped, and which is normal to the axis of rotation.4.10 embossed markA mark so formed as to be unal
48、terable by magneto-optical means.4.11 entrance surfaceThe surface of the disk onto which the optical beam first impinges.4.12 Error Correction Code (ECC)An error-detecting code designed to correct certain kinds of errors in data.4.13 fieldA subdivision of a segmentNOTE 1Subdivisions of a sector whic
49、h are named field are not fields in the sense of this definition.4.14 formatThe arrangement of information on the disk.4.15 frameThe smallest addressable part of a track in the Information Zone of a disk that can be accessed independently ofother parts of the zone.- 3 -4.16 flyable zoneA part of the protective coating area over which the slider with a magnetic head can fly.4.17 grooveSee 4.24.4.18 Gray code Encoded Part (GEP)Tracks containing a portion of control information for a drive which can be detected without tracking servo.4.19 hubThe central feature on the disk which int
