1、 Standard ECMA-268 3rdEdition - April 2001 Standardizing Information and Communication Systems Phone: +41 22 849.60.00 - Fax: +41 22 849.60.01 - URL: http:/www.ecma.ch - Internet: helpdeskecma.ch 80 mm DVD - Read-Only Disk . Standard ECMA-268 3rdEdition - April 2001 Standardizing Information and Com
2、munication Systems Phone: +41 22 849.60.00 - Fax: +41 22 849.60.01 - URL: http:/www.ecma.ch - Internet: helpdeskecma.ch MB ECMA-268 26-04-01 10,57 80 mm DVD - Read-Only Disk Brief History ECMA Technical Committee TC31 was established in 1984 for the standardization of Optical Disks and Optical Disk
3、Cartridges (ODC). Since its establishment, the Committee has made major contributions to ISO/IEC SC23 toward the development of International Standards for 90 mm, 120 mm, 130 mm, 300 mm, and 356 mm media. Numerous standards have been developed by TC31 and published by ECMA, Almost all of which have
4、also been adopted by ISO/IEC under the fast-track procedure as International Standards. In February 1997 a group of ten Companies, known as the DVD Consortium, proposed to TC31 to develop ECMA Standards for a family of 120 mm optical disks. TC31 adopted this project and started work on a first Stand
5、ard ECMA-267 for 120 mm DVD - Read-Only disks which specifies the physical characteristics of such disks which can be used for video, audio or data applications. A standard for volume and file structure common to these three types of application has been developed in ECMA Technical Committee TC15. F
6、urther work has been undertaken for a rewritable disk known as DVD-RAM, for a case for such disks, and for a writable disk DVD-R. This work is supported by nine members of the DVD Forum. Standard ECMA-267 specifies four Types of DVD - Read-Only disks with a nominal capacity from 4,7 Gbytes to 17,0 G
7、bytes. It has been adopted by ISO/IEC JTC 1 as International Standard ISO/IEC 16449. This Standard ECMA-268 specifies a 80 mm DVD-Read-Only disk which differs from that of Standard ECMA-267 only where the relevant parameters depend on the dimension of the diameter. Four Types of such DVD disks with
8、a nominal capacity of 1,46 Gbytes to 5,32 Gbytes are specified. Adopted as 3rdedition of Standard ECMA-268 by the ECMA General Assembly in April 2001. . - i - Table of contents Section 1 - General 1 1 Scope 1 2 Conformance 1 2.1 Optical Disk 1 2.2 Generating system 1 2.3 Receiving system 1 3 Referen
9、ce 1 4 Definitions 1 4.1 Adhesive layer 1 4.2 Channel bit 1 4.3 Clamping Zone 1 4.4 Digital Sum Value (DSV) 2 4.5 Disk Reference Plane 2 4.6 Dual Layer disk 2 4.7 Dummy substrate 2 4.8 Entrance surface 2 4.9 Optical disk 2 4.10 Physical sector number 2 4.11 Read-only disk 2 4.12 Recorded layer 2 4.1
10、3 Reed-Solomon code 2 4.14 Reserved field 2 4.15 Sector 2 4.16 Single Layer disk 2 4.17 Spacer 2 4.18 Substrate 2 4.19 Track 2 4.20 Track pitch 3 4.21 Zone 3 5 Conventions and notations 3 5.1 Representation of numbers 3 5.2 Names 3 6 List of acronyms 3 7 General description of the disk 4 8 General r
11、equirements 5 8.1 Environments 5 8.1.1 Test environment 5 8.1.2 Operating environment 6 8.1.3 Storage environment 6 8.1.4 Transportation 6 8.2 Safety requirements 6 8.3 Flammability 6 - ii - 9 Reference measurement devices 6 9.1 Pick Up Head (PUH) 6 9.2 Measurement conditions 8 9.3 Normalized servo
12、transfer function 8 9.4 Reference Servo for axial tracking 8 9.5 Reference Servo for radial tracking 9 Section 2 - Dimensional, mechanical and physical characteristics of the disk 10 10 Dimensional characteristics 10 10.1 Overall dimensions 10 10.2 First transition area 10 10.3 Second transition are
13、a 10 10.4 Clamping Zone 11 10.5 Third transition area 11 10.6 Information Zone 11 10.6.1 Sub-divisions of the Information Zone 11 10.6.2 Track geometry 12 10.6.3 Track modes 12 10.6.4 Channel bit length 12 10.7 Rim area 13 10.8 Remark on tolerances 13 10.9 Runout 13 10.9.1 Axial runout 13 10.9.2 Rad
14、ial runout 13 10.10 Label 13 11 Mechanical parameters 13 11.1 Mass 13 11.2 Moment of inertia 14 11.3 Dynamic imbalance 14 11.4 Sense of rotation 14 12 Optical parameters 14 12.1 Index of refraction 14 12.2 Thickness of the transparent substrate 14 12.3 Thickness of the spacer of Types C and D 14 12.
15、4 Angular deviation 14 12.5 Birefringence of the transparent substrate 14 12.6 Reflectivity 14 Section 3 - Operational Signals 18 13 High frequency signals (HF) 18 13.1 Modulated amplitude 18 13.2 Signal asymmetry 19 13.3 Cross-track signal 19 13.4 Quality of signals 19 13.4.1 Jitter 19 13.4.2 Rando
16、m errors 19 13.4.3 Defects 19 - iii - 14 Servo signals 20 14.1 Differential phase tracking error signal 20 14.2 Tangential push-pull signal 20 Section 4 - Data Format 22 15 General 22 16 Data Frames (figure 16) 22 16.1 Identification Data (ID) 23 16.2 ID Error Detection Code (IED) 24 16.3 Copyright
17、Management Information (CPR_MAI) 24 16.4 Error Detection Code (EDC) 24 17 Scrambled Frames 25 18 ECC Blocks 25 19 Recording Frames 27 20 Modulation 28 21 Physical Sectors 29 22 Suppress control of the d.c. component 30 Section 5 Format of the Information Zone(s) 31 23 General description of an Infor
18、mation Zone 31 24 Layout of the Information Zone 31 25 Physical Sector numbering 32 26 Lead-in Zone 33 26.1 Initial Zone 34 26.2 Reference Code Zone 34 26.3 Buffer Zone 1 34 26.4 Buffer Zone 2 34 26.5 Control Data Zone 34 26.5.1 Physical format information 35 26.5.2 Disk manufacturing information 36
19、 26.5.3 Content provider information 37 27 Middle Zone 37 28 Lead-out Zone 37 Annex A - Measurement of the angular deviation 39 Annex B - Measurement of birefringence 41 Annex C - Measurement of the differential phase tracking error 45 Annex D - Measurement of light reflectance 49 - iv - Annex E - T
20、apered cone for disk clamping 51 Annex F - Measurement of jitter 53 Annex G - 8-to-16 Modulation with RLL (2,10) requirements 57 Annex H - Burst Cutting Area (BCA) 67 Annex J - Source Identification Code (SID) 73 Annex K - Measurement of the thickness of the spacer of Dual Layer disks 77 Annex L - N
21、ote on the Reference Code 79 Annex M - Maximum transfer rate 81 Annex N - Disk bonding 83 Annex P - Transportation 85 Section 1 - General 1 Scope This ECMA Standard specifies the mechanical, physical and optical characteristics of a 80 mm, read-only optical disk to enable the interchange of such dis
22、ks. It specifies the quality of the recorded signals, the format of the data and the recording method, thereby allowing for information interchange by means of such disks. This disk is identified as DVD - Read-Only Disk. This ECMA Standard specifies four related but different Types of this disk (see
23、 clause 7), the conditions for conformance, the environments in which the disk is to be operated and stored, the mechanical and physical characteristics of the disk, so as to provide mechanical interchange between data processing systems, the format of the information on the disk, including the phys
24、ical disposition of the tracks and sectors, the error correcting codes and the coding method used, the characteristics of the signals recorded on the disk, enabling data processing systems to read the data from the disk. This ECMA Standard provides for interchange of disks between disk drives. Toget
25、her with a standard for volume and file structure, it provides for full data interchange between data processing systems. 2 Conformance 2.1 Optical Disk A claim of conformance shall specify the Type of the disk. An optical disk shall be in conformance with this ECMA Standard if it meets the mandator
26、y requirements specified for its Type. 2.2 Generating system A generating system shall be in conformance with this ECMA Standard if the optical disk it generates is in accordance with 2.1. 2.3 Receiving system A receiving system shall be in conformance with this ECMA Standard if it is able to handle
27、 all four Types of optical disk according to 2.1. 3 Reference ECMA-287 (1999) Safety of electronic equipment 4 Definitions For the purpose of this ECMA Standard the following definitions apply. 4.1 Adhesive layer A layer of adhesive material bonding together the two parts of the disk. 4.2 Channel bi
28、t The elements by which, after modulation, the binary values ZERO and ONE are represented on the disk by pits. 4.3 Clamping Zone The annular part of the disk within which a clamping force is applied by a clamping device. - 2 - 4.4 Digital Sum Value (DSV) The arithmetic sum obtained from a bit stream
29、 by allocating the decimal value 1 to bits set to ONE and the decimal value -1 to bits set to ZERO. 4.5 Disk Reference Plane A plane defined by the perfectly flat annular surface of an ideal spindle onto which the Clamping Zone of the disk is clamped, and which is normal to the axis of rotation. 4.6
30、 Dual Layer disk A optical disk with one or two entrance surface(s), in which each entrance surface gives access to a different pair of recorded layers. 4.7 Dummy substrate A layer which may be transparent or not, provided for the mechanical support of the disk and/or of a recorded layer. 4.8 Entran
31、ce surface The surface of the disk onto which the optical beam first impinges. 4.9 Optical disk A disk that accepts and retains information in the form of pits in a recorded layer that can be read by an optical beam. 4.10 Physical sector number A serial number allocated to physical sectors on the di
32、sk. 4.11 Read-only disk An optical disk in which the information has been recorded when manufacturing the disk. The information cannot be modified and can only be read from the disk. 4.12 Recorded layer A layer of the disk on, or in, which data is recorded. 4.13 Reed-Solomon code An error detection
33、and/or correction code for the correction of errors. 4.14 Reserved field A field set to all ZEROs unless otherwise stated, and reserved for future standardization. 4.15 Sector The smallest part of a track in the Information Zone that can be accessed independently of other addressable parts. 4.16 Sin
34、gle Layer disk An optical disk with one or two entrance surface(s), in which each entrance surface gives access to a different recorded layer. 4.17 Spacer In the case of Dual Layer disks, the transparent layer placed between the two recorded layers accessible through the same entrance surface. 4.18
35、Substrate A transparent layer of the disk, provided for mechanical support of the recorded layer(s), through which the optical beam can access the recorded layer(s). 4.19 Track A 360 turn of a continuous spiral. - 3 - 4.20 Track pitch The distance between the centrelines of a pair of adjacent physic
36、al tracks, measured in radial direction. 4.21 Zone An annular area of the disk. 5 Conventions and notations 5.1 Representation of numbers A measured value is rounded off to the least significant digit of the corresponding specified value. For instance, it implies that a specified value of 1,26 with
37、a positive tolerance of + 0,01 and a negative tolerance of - 0,02 allows a range of measured values from 1,235 to 1,275. Numbers in decimal notations are represented by the digits 0 to 9. Numbers in hexadecimal notation are represented by the hexadecimal digits 0 to 9 and A to F in parentheses. The
38、setting of bits is denoted by ZERO and ONE. Numbers in binary notations and bit patterns are represented by strings of digits 0 and 1, with the most significant bit shown to the left. Negative values of numbers in binary notation are given as Twos complement. In each field the data is recorded so th
39、at the most significant byte (MSB), identified as Byte 0, is recorded first and the least significant byte (LSB) last. In a field of 8n bits, bit b(8n-1)shall be the most significant bit (msb) and bit b0the least significant bit (lsb). Bit b(8n-1)is recorded first. 5.2 Names The names of entities, e
40、.g. specific tracks, fields, zones, etc. are given a capital initial. 6 List of acronyms BCA Burst-Cutting Area BP Byte Position BPF Band Pass Filter CLV Constant Linear Velocity CPR_MAI Copyright Management Information DCC DC Component (suppress control) DL Dual Layer DPD Differential Phase Detecti
41、on DSV Digital Sum Value ECC Error Correction Code EDC Error Detection Code EQ Equalizer FWHM Full Width at Half Maximum HF High Frequency ID Identification Data IED ID Error Detection (code) IR Index of Refraction LPF Low-Pass Filter LSB Least Significant Byte MSB Most Significant Byte - 4 - NRZ No
42、n Return to Zero NRZI Non Return to Zero Inverted OTP Opposite Track Path PBS Polarizing Beam Splitter PE Phase Encoding PI Parity (of the) Inner (code) PLL Phase-Locked Loop PO Parity (of the) Outer (code) PTP Parallel Track Path PUH Pick-Up Head RIN Relative Intensity Noise RS Reed-Solomon (code)
43、RZ Return to Zero SL Single Layer SYNC Code Synchronisation Code lsb least significant bit msb most significant bit 7 General description of the disk The optical disk that is the subject of this ECMA Standard consists of two substrates bonded together by an adhesive layer, so that the recorded layer
44、s are on the inside (See annex N). The centring of the disk is performed on the edge of the centre hole of the assembled disk on the side currently read. Clamping is performed in the Clamping Zone. This ECMA Standard specifies the following Types. Type A consists of a substrate, a single recorded la
45、yer and a dummy substrate. The recorded layer can be accessed from one side only. The nominal capacity is 1,46 Gbytes. Type B consist of two substrates, and two recorded layers. From one side of the disk, only one of these recorded layers can be accessed. The nominal capacity is 2,92 Gbytes. Type C
46、consists of a substrate, a dummy substrate and two recorded layers with a spacer between them. Both recorded layers can be accessed from one side only. The nominal capacity is 2,66 Gbytes. Type D consists of two substrates, each having two recorded layers with a spacer between these two recorded lay
47、ers. From one side of the disk, only one pair of recorded layers can be accessed. The nominal capacity is 5,32 Gbytes. Figure 1 shows schematically these four Types. Types A and B are Single Layer (SL) disks and Types C and D are Dual Layer (DL) disks. The two layers of DL disks are identified as La
48、yer 0 and Layer 1. Layer 0 is the layer nearer to the entrance surface. Types A and C are 1-sided disks, Types B and D are 2-sided disks. In Type C the function of the adhesive layer can be provided by the spacer between the two recorded layers where Layer 1 is placed, for instance embossed, on the
49、dummy substrate. - 5 - Figure 1 - Types of 80 mm DVD - Read-Only disks 8 General requirements 8.1 Environments 8.1.1 Test environment The test environment is the environment where the air immediately surrounding the disk has the following properties. a) For dimensional measurements b) For ther measurements temperature : 23 C 2 C 15 C to 35 C relative humidity : 45 % to 55 % 45 % to 75 % atmospheric pressure : 86 kPa to 106 kPa 86 kPa to 106 kPa Unless otherwise stated, all tests and measurements shall be made in this test environment. - 6 - 8.1.2 Operating envi
