1、 ECMA-337 4thEdition / June 2008 Data Interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm Optical Disk using +RW Format Capacity: 4,7 and 1,46 Gbytes per Side (Recording speed up to 4X) Ecma International Rue du Rhne 114 CH-1204 Geneva T/F: +41 22 849 6000/01 www.ecma-international.org Data Interchange on 120 mm and 80
2、 mm Optical Disk using +RW Format Capacity: 4,7 and 1,46 Gbytes per Side (Recording speed up to 4X) Standard ECMA-337 4thEdition / June 2008 Introduction Ecma Technical Committee TC31 was established in 1984 for the standardization of Optical Disks and Optical Disk Cartridges (ODC). Since its establ
3、ishment, the Committee has made major contributions to ISO/IEC toward the development of International Standards for 80 mm, 90 mm, 120 mm, 300 mm, and 356 mm media. Numerous standards have been developed by TC31 and published by Ecma, almost all of which have also been adopted by ISO/IEC under the f
4、ast-track procedure as International Standards. In February 2002 a group of Companies proposed to TC31 to develop a standard for 120 mm rewritable optical disks using Phase Change recording technology and based on the DVD - Read-Only standard (ECMA-267) and the +RW format (ECMA-274). TC31 adopted th
5、is project and started the work that has resulted in the first edition of ECMA-337. This Ecma Standard specifies two Types of rewritable optical disks, one (Type S) making use of recording on only a single side of the disk and yielding a nominal capacity of 4,7 or 1,46 Gbytes per disk and the other
6、(Type D) making use of recording on both sides of the disk and yielding a nominal capacity of 9,4 or 2,92 Gbytes per disk. In April 2003 a proposal was made to TC31 to update this Ecma Standard for recording speeds up to 4 times the Reference velocity. TC31 adopted this project which has resulted in
7、 the second edition of ECMA-337. In February 2005 a proposal was made to TC31 to update this Ecma Standard to facilitate the application of the Video Content Protection System. This Ecma Standard, taken together with a standard for volume and file structure, such as for instance developed in Ecma Te
8、chnical Committee TC15, provides the requirements for information interchange between systems. This Ecma Standard has been adopted by the General Assembly of June 2008. - i - Table of contents Section 1 General 1 1 Scope 1 2 Conformance 1 2.1 Optical Disk 1 2.2 Generating system 1 2.3 Receiving syst
9、em 1 2.4 Compatibility statement 1 3 References 2 4 Definitions 2 4.1 Channel bit 2 4.2 Clamping Zone 2 4.3 Digital Sum Value (DSV) 2 4.4 Disk Reference Plane 2 4.5 dummy substrate 2 4.6 entrance surface 2 4.7 field 3 4.8 groove 3 4.9 interleaving 3 4.10 mark 3 4.11 phase change 3 4.12 Physical Sect
10、or 3 4.13 recording layer 3 4.14 Reed-Solomon code (RS) 3 4.15 space 3 4.16 substrate 3 4.17 track 3 4.18 track pitch 3 4.19 VCPS 3 4.20 wobble 4 4.21 zone 4 5 Conventions and notations 4 5.1 Representation of numbers 4 - ii - 5.2 Names 4 6 List of acronyms 4 7 General description of the optical dis
11、k 5 8 General Requirements 6 8.1 Environments 6 8.1.1 Test environment 6 8.1.2 Operating environment 6 8.1.3 Storage environment 7 8.1.4 Transportation 7 8.2 Safety requirements 7 8.3 Flammability 7 9 Reference Drive 7 9.1 Optical system 7 9.2 Optical beam 8 9.3 Read channel 1 9 9.4 Disk clamping 9
12、9.5 Rotation of the disk 9 9.6 Wobble channel (Read channel 2) 10 9.7 Tracking channel (Read channel 2) 10 9.8 Reference servo systems 10 9.8.1 Normalized servo transfer function 10 9.8.2 Reference Servo for Axial Tracking 11 9.8.3 Reference Servo for Radial Tracking 12 Section 2 Dimensional, mechan
13、ical and physical characteristics of the disk 13 10 Dimensional characteristics 13 10.1 Reference Planes 14 10.2 Overall dimensions 14 10.3 First transition area 14 10.4 Second transition area 15 10.5 Clamping Zone 15 10.6 Third transition area 15 10.7 Information Zone 15 10.8 Rim area 15 10.9 Remar
14、k on tolerances 16 11 Mechanical characteristics 16 - iii - 11.1 Mass 16 11.2 Moment of inertia 16 11.3 Dynamic imbalance 16 11.4 Axial runout 16 11.5 Radial runout 16 12 Optical characteristics in the Information Zone 17 12.1 Index of refraction 17 12.2 Thickness of the substrate 17 12.3 Reflectivi
15、ty 17 12.4 Birefringence 17 12.5 Angular deviation 18 Section 3 Format of information 19 13 Data format 19 13.1 Data Frames 19 13.1.1 Identification Data (ID) 20 13.1.2 ID Error Detection Code (IED) 20 13.1.3 RSV 20 13.1.4 Error Detection Code (EDC) 21 13.2 Scrambled Frames 21 13.3 ECC Blocks 22 13.
16、4 Recording Frames 23 13.5 Modulation and NRZI conversion 23 13.6 Physical Sectors 24 13.7 Layout of a Recording UNit (RUN) 25 13.7.1 Recording Unit position 26 13.8 d.c. component suppression control 26 14 Track format 28 14.1 Track shape 28 14.2 Track path 28 14.3 Track pitch 28 14.4 Track layout
17、28 14.4.1 ADIP information 28 14.4.2 Physical format information in ADIP 32 Section 4 Format of the Information Zone 48 15 General description of the Information Zone 48 - iv - 16 Layout of the Information Zone 48 16.1 Physical Sector Numbers (PSNs) 49 17 Lead-in Zone 49 17.1 Initial Zone 49 17.2 In
18、ner Disk Test Zone 49 17.3 Inner Drive Test Zone 49 17.4 Guard Zone 1 49 17.5 Reserved Zone 1 49 17.6 Reserved Zone 2 50 17.7 Inner Disk Identification Zone 50 17.8 Reserved Zone 3 50 17.9 Reference Code Zone 51 17.10 Buffer Zone 1 51 17.11 Control Data Zone 51 17.11.1 Physical format information 51
19、 17.11.2 Disk manufacturing information 53 17.11.3 Content provider information 53 17.12 Buffer Zone 2 53 18 Data Zone 53 19 Lead-out Zone 53 19.1 Buffer Zone 3 53 19.2 Outer Disk Identification Zone 54 19.3 Guard Zone 2 54 19.4 Reserved Zone 4 54 19.5 Outer Drive Test Zone 54 19.6 Outer Disk Test Z
20、one 54 19.7 Guard Zone 3 54 20 Assignment of Logical Sector Numbers (LSNs) 54 21 Formatting 55 21.1 Pre-formatting 55 21.1.1 Verification 55 21.2 Background formatting 56 21.2.1 Initialization 56 21.2.2 De-icing 56 21.2.3 Finalization 56 21.2.4 Verification (optional) 56 - v - 21.3 Sequential record
21、ing without formatting 57 22 Disk Control Blocks 57 22.1 General format of Disk Control Blocks 57 22.2 Format of the Formatting DCB (FDCB) 59 22.3 Format of the Write inhibit DCB (WDCB) 63 Section 5 Characteristics of the groove 65 23 General 65 24 Method of testing 65 24.1 Environment 65 24.2 Refer
22、ence Drive 65 24.2.1 Optics and mechanics 65 24.2.2 Read power 65 24.2.3 Read channels 65 24.2.4 Tracking 65 24.3 Definition of signals 66 25 Characteristics of the groove signals 67 25.1 Phase depth 67 25.2 Push-pull signal 67 25.3 Track Cross signal 67 25.4 Normalized wobble signal 67 25.5 Charact
23、eristics of the wobble 67 Section 6 Characteristics of the recording layer 68 26 Method of testing 68 26.1 Environment 68 26.2 Reference Drive 68 26.2.1 Optics and mechanics 68 26.2.2 Read power 68 26.2.3 Read channels 68 26.2.4 Tracking 68 26.2.5 Scanning velocity 68 26.3 Write conditions 69 26.3.1
24、 Write pulse waveform 69 26.3.2 Write power 69 26.4 Measurement conditions 69 27 Characteristics of the recorded signals 70 - vi - 27.1 Channel bit length 70 27.2 Definition of signals 70 27.2.1 High frequency signals (HF) 70 27.2.2 Modulated amplitude 70 27.2.3 Signal asymmetry 71 27.2.4 Normalized
25、 Slicing Level jump 71 27.2.5 Jitter 71 27.2.6 Track Cross signal 71 27.3 Read stability 71 28 Additional testing conditions 72 28.1 Test environment 72 28.1.1 Optics 72 28.2 Definition of signals 72 28.2.1 Modulated amplitude 72 28.2.2 Signal asymmetry 72 28.2.3 Jitter 72 28.2.4 Track Cross signal
26、73 28.2.5 Differential phase tracking error signal 73 28.2.6 Tangential push-pull signal 74 29 Quality of the recording layer 74 29.1 Defects 74 29.2 Data errors 74 Section 7 Characteristics of user data 75 30 Method of testing 75 30.1 Environment 75 30.2 Reference Drive 75 30.2.1 Optics and mechani
27、cs 75 30.2.2 Read power 75 30.2.3 Read channels 75 30.2.4 Error correction 75 30.2.5 Tracking 75 31 Minimum quality of a Recording Unit 76 31.1 Tracking 76 31.2 User-written data 76 Annex A (normative) 80 mm disk 77 Annex B (normative) Structure for Extended format information in the Data Zone 81 -
28、vii - Annex C (normative) Measurement of light reflectivity 85 Annex D (normative) Measurement of birefringence 87 Annex E (normative) Measuring conditions for operation signals 89 Annex F (normative) Measurement of the differential phase tracking error 93 Annex G (normative) The write pulse wave fo
29、rm for testing 97 Annex H (normative) 8-to-16 Modulation 101 Annex I (normative) Optimum Power Control 109 Annex J (normative) Logical to Physical address translation 113 Annex K (informative) Measurement of the groove wobble amplitude 115 Annex L (informative) Transportation 117 Annex M (informativ
30、e) Defect Management and Physical Formatting 119 Annex N (informative) Video Content Protection System 121 Annex O (informative) How to use the Physical format information in ADIP 123 Annex P (informative) Values to be Implemented in Existing and Future Specifications 125 - viii - - 1 - Section 1 Ge
31、neral 1 Scope This Ecma Standard specifies the mechanical, physical and optical characteristics of 120 mm rewritable optical disks with capacities of 4,7 Gbytes and 9,4 Gbytes. It specifies the quality of the recorded and unrecorded signals, the format of the data and the recording method, thereby a
32、llowing for information interchange by means of such disks. The data can be written, read and overwritten many times using the phase change method. These disks are identified as +RW. This Ecma Standard also specifies 80 mm disks with capacities of 1,46 Gbytes and 2,92 Gbytes. These disks shall have
33、the same characteristics as the 120 mm disks, except for some parameters related to the smaller dimensions. All parameters unique for the 80 mm disks are specified in Annex A. This Ecma Standard specifies two related but different Types of this disk (see Clause 7), the conditions for conformance, th
34、e environments in which the disk is to be tested, operated and stored, the mechanical, physical and dimensional characteristics of the disk, so as to provide mechanical interchange between data processing systems, the format of the information on the disk, including the physical disposition of the t
35、racks and sectors, the error correcting codes and the coding method, the characteristics of the signals recorded on the disk, thus enabling data processing systems to read the data from the disk. This Ecma Standard provides for the interchange of disks between optical disk drives. Together with a st
36、andard for volume and file structure, it provides for full data interchange between data processing systems. 2 Conformance 2.1 Optical Disk A claim of conformance with this Ecma Standard shall specify the Type implemented. An optical disk shall be in conformance with this Ecma Standard if it meets a
37、ll mandatory requirements specified for its Type. 2.2 Generating system A generating system shall be in conformance with this Ecma Standard if the optical disk it generates is in accordance with 2.1. 2.3 Receiving system A receiving system shall be in conformance with this Ecma Standard if it is abl
38、e to handle both Types of optical disk according to 2.1. 2.4 Compatibility statement A claim of conformance by a Generating or Receiving system with this Ecma Standard shall include a statement listing any other standards supported. This statement shall specify the numbers of the standards, the opti
39、cal disk types supported (where appropriate) and whether support includes reading only or both reading and writing. - 2 - 3 References ECMA-43 8-bit Coded Character Set Structure and Rules (ISO/IEC 4873:1991) ECMA-267 120 mm DVD Read-Only Disk (ISO/IEC 16448:2002) ECMA-268 80 mm DVD Read-Only Disk (
40、ISO/IEC 16449:2002) ECMA-287 Safety of Electronic Equipment ECMA-349 Data Interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm Optical Disk using +R Format - Capacity: 4,7 and 1,46 Gbytes per Side (Recording speed up to 16X) (ISO/IEC 17344:2006) ECMA-364 Data Interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm Optical Disk using +R DL Form
41、at - Capacity: 8,55 and 2,66 Gbytes per Side (Recording speed up to 16X) (ISO/IEC 25434:2007) ECMA-371 Data Interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm Optical Disk using +RW HS Format - Capacity: 4,7 and 1,46 Gbytes per Side (Recording speed up to 8X) (ISO/IEC 26925:2006) ECMA-374 Data Interchange on 120 mm an
42、d 80 mm Optical Disk using +RW DL Format - Capacity: 8,55 and 2,66 Gbytes per Side (Recording speed 2,4X) (ISO/IEC 29642:2007) The efficiency and data reliability of +RW disks can be improved by the use of Background Formatting and Defect Management. An example of such a system is referred to in Ann
43、ex M. Unauthorized copying and/or redistribution of video data that is recorded in the DVD+R/+RW Video Format can be prevented by applying the Video Content Protection System as referred to in Annex N. 4 Definitions For the purpose of this Ecma Standard the following definitions apply: 4.1 Channel b
44、it The elements by which the binary values ZERO and ONE are represented by marks and spaces on the disk. 4.2 Clamping Zone The annular part of the disk within which the clamping force is applied by the clamping device. 4.3 Digital Sum Value (DSV) The arithmetic sum obtained from a bit stream by allo
45、cating the decimal value +1 to bits set to ONE and the decimal value 1 to bits set to ZERO. 4.4 Disk Reference Plane A plane defined by the perfectly flat annular surface of an ideal spindle onto which the clamping Zone of the disk is clamped, and which is normal to the axis of rotation. 4.5 dummy s
46、ubstrate A layer which may be transparent or not, provided for the mechanical support of the disk and, in some cases, of the recording layer as well. 4.6 entrance surface The surface of the disk onto which the optical beam first impinges. - 3 - 4.7 field A subdivision of a sector. 4.8 groove A trenc
47、h-like feature of the disk, applied before the recording of any information, and used to define the track location. The groove is located nearer to the entrance surface than the so-called land in between the grooves. The recording is made on the groove. 4.9 interleaving The process of reallocating t
48、he physical sequence of units of data so as to render the data more immune to burst errors. 4.10 mark A feature of the recording layer which may take the form of an amorphous domain, a pit, or any other type or form that can be sensed by the optical system. The pattern of marks and spaces represents
49、 the data on the disk. 4.11 phase change A physical effect by which the area of a recording layer irradiated by a laser beam is heated so as to change from an amorphous state to a crystalline state and vice versa. 4.12 Physical Sector The smallest addressable part of a track in the Information Zone of a disk that can be accessed independently of other addressable parts of the Zone. 4.13 recording layer A layer of the disk on which data is written during manufacture and / or use. 4.14 Reed-Solomon code (RS) An error detection and / or correction code. 4
