1、 Reference numberECMA-123:2009Ecma International 2009ECMA-340 3rdEdition / June 2013 Near Field Communication - Interface and Protocol (NFCIP-1) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT Ecma International 2013 Ecma International 2013 iContents Page 1 Scope 1 2 Conformance . 1 3 Normative references 1 4 Terms an
2、d definitions . 1 5.1 Representation of numbers 4 5.2 Names . 4 6 Abbreviated terms . 4 7 General . 5 8 RF field 6 8.1 Values . 6 8.2 Passive communication Mode . 6 8.3 Active communication Mode 6 8.4 External RF field detection . 6 9 RF Signal Interface 6 9.1 Bit duration 6 9.2 Active communication
3、 mode . 7 9.2.1 Requirements for fc/128 7 9.2.2 Requirements for fc/64 and fc/32 . 7 9.3 Passive communication mode . 8 9.3.1 Initiator to Target requirements for fc/128 8 9.3.2 Target to Initiator requirements for fc/128 9 9.3.3 Initiator to Target requirements for fc/64 and fc/32 . 9 9.3.4 Target
4、to Initiator requirements for fc/64 and fc/32 . 9 10 General Protocol flow . 10 11 Initialisation 10 11.1 RF Collision Avoidance 11 11.1.1 Initial RF Collision Avoidance 12 11.1.2 Response RF Collision Avoidance 12 11.2 Passive communication mode . 13 11.2.1 Initialisation and Single Device Detectio
5、n at fc/128 . 13 11.2.2 Initialisation and SDD at fc/64 and fc/32 . 14 11.3 Active communication mode . 17 11.3.1 Initialisation at fc/128, fc/64, and fc/32 17 11.3.2 Active communication mode RF Collision Avoidance 17 12 Transport Protocol 18 12.1 Transport Data . 18 12.2 Passive communication mode
6、 Activation flow 19 12.3 Active communication mode Activation flow . 19 12.4 Commands . 22 12.5 Activation of the protocol . 22 12.5.1 Attribute Request and Response Commands 22 12.5.2 Wakeup Request and Response Commands . 28 12.5.3 Parameter Selection Request and Response Commands 30 12.6 Data Exc
7、hange Protocol . 33 12.6.1 Data Exchange Protocol Request and Response 33 12.6.2 Response timeout extension . 37 12.6.3 Attention Target present 37 ii Ecma International 201312.6.4 Protocol operation .37 12.6.5 Multi Activation 37 12.6.6 More information (Chaining) .38 12.7 Deactivation of the proto
8、col .38 12.7.1 Deselect Request and Response command .39 12.7.2 Release Request and Response commands 40 Annex A (normative) CRC calculation 43 A.1 CRC for Active and Passive communication mode at fc/128 43 A.2 Example of CRC calculation at fc/12843 A.3 CRC for Active and Passive communication mode
9、at fc/64 and fc/32 .44 A.4 Example of CRC calculation at fc/64 and fc/32 .44 Annex B (informative) SAK .45 Ecma International 2013 iiiIntroduction This Standard specifies the interface and protocol for simple wireless communication between close coupled devices. These Near Field Communication (NFC)
10、devices communicate with bit rates of 106, 212, and 424 kbit/s. This NFC Interface and Protocol (NFCIP-1) standard allows, but does not specify, applications in network products and consumer equipment. Compared to the 2nd edition of Standard ECMA-340 (published in December 2004), this 3rd edition: -
11、 corrects editorial mistakes; - enables the use of NFC-SEC (ECMA-385); and - refers to ISO/IEC 14443 and ISO/IEC 15693. This 3rd edition is fully aligned with the 2nd edition of ISO/IEC 18092:2013. This Ecma Standard has been adopted by the General Assembly of June 2013. iv Ecma International 2013“C
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15、d conformant products by implementing (e.g. by copy and paste wholly or partly) the functionality therein. However, the content of this document itself may not be modified in any way, including by removing the copyright notice or references to Ecma International, except as required to translate it i
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18、 LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY OWNERSHIP RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.“ Near Field Communication - Interface and Protocol (NFCIP-1) 1 Scope This International Standard defines communicat
19、ion modes for Near Field Communication Interface and Protocol (NFCIP-1) using inductive coupled devices operating at the centre frequency of 13,56 MHz for interconnection of computer peripherals. It also defines both the Active and the Passive communication modes of Near Field Communication Interfac
20、e and Protocol (NFCIP-1) to realize a communication network using Near Field Communication devices for networked products and also for consumer equipment. This Standard specifies, in particular, modulation schemes, codings, transfer speeds, and frame format of the RF interface, as well as initialisa
21、tion schemes and conditions required for data collision control during initialisation. Furthermore, this Standard defines a transport protocol including protocol activation and data exchange methods. Information interchange between systems also requires, at a minimum, agreement between the interchan
22、ge parties upon the interchange codes and the data structure. 2 Conformance A system implementing the Active and the Passive communication mode shall be in conformance with this Standard if it meets all the mandatory requirements specified herein. It may also implement the NFC-SEC Option as specifie
23、d ECMA-385. 3 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ECMA-385, NFC-
24、SEC: NFCIP-1 Security Services and Protocol ITU-T V.41:1988, Code-independent error-control system ISO/IEC 14443-2:2010, Identification cards Contactless integrated circuit cards Proximity cards Part 2: Radio frequency power and signal interface ISO/IEC 14443-3:2011, Identification cards Contactless
25、 integrated circuit cards Proximity cards Part 3: Initialization and anticollision ISO/IEC 14443-4:2008, Identification cards Contactless integrated circuit cards Proximity cards Part 4: Transmission protocol 4 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definiti
26、ons apply. Ecma International 2013 14.1 active communication mode mode in which both the Initiator and the Target use their own RF field to enable the communication 4.2 ASK modulation Amplitude Shift Keying, in which the amplitude of the carrier frequency is modulated according to the logic of the d
27、ata to be transmitted 4.3 Binary Coded Decimal BCD system for representing each of the decimal numbers 0 to 9 by a four-bit binary code NOTE The bits, from left to right, are worth 8, 4, 2 and 1 respectively in decimal, so for example the number 6 in BCD is 0110. 4.4 collision transmission by two or
28、 more Targets or Initiators during the same time period, such that the Initiator or the Target is unable to distinguish from which Target the data originated 4.5 frame sequence of data bits and optional error detection bits, with frame delimiters at start and end 4.6 HThresholdthe threshold value to
29、 detect an external RF field 4.7 initiator generator of the RF field and starter of the NFCIP-1 communication 4.8 load modulation process of amplitude modulating a radio frequency field by varying the properties of a resonant circuit placed within the radio frequency field 4.9 lsb first least signif
30、icant bit first, indicating a serial data transmission system that sends lsb before all other bits 4.10 LSB first Least Significant Byte first, indicating a serial data transmission system that sends LSB before all other bytes 4.11 Manchester coding method of bit coding whereby a logic level during
31、a bit duration is represented by a sequence of two defined physical states of a communication medium 4.12 modulation index signal amplitude ratio of peak minimum / peak + minimum 4.13 msb first most significant bit indicating a serial data transmission system that sends the msb before all other bits
32、 2 Ecma International 20134.14 MSB first Most Significant Byte indicating a serial data transmission system that sends the MSB before all other bytes 4.15 NFCIP-1 device entity 4.16 NFC Identifier NFCIDn a randomly generated number used by the RF Collision Avoidance and Single Device Detection seque
33、nce for both the Active and the Passive communication modes 4.17 NFC-SEC NFCIP-1 Security Services and Protocol as specified in ECMA-385 4.18 passive communication mode when the Initiator is generating the RF field and the Target responds to an Initiator command in a load modulation scheme 4.19 RF C
34、ollision Avoidance RFCA method to detect the presence of a RF field based on the carrier frequency and method to detect and resolve collisions on protocol level 4.20 SAK select acknowledge ISO/IEC 14443-3 NOTE SAK replaces the SEL_RES ECMA-340 2ndedition. 4.21 sensing NFCIP-1 device in the Active co
35、mmunication mode expecting a Response to a Request it has sent on the RF field to detect the start of communication to receive the Request 4.22 Single Device Detection SDD algorithm used by the Initiator to detect one out of several Targets in its RF field (anti-collision ISO/IEC 14443-3) 4.23 targe
36、t responds to Initiator command either using load modulation scheme (RF field generated by Initiator) or using modulation of self generated RF field 4.24 time period defines the number of slots used for RF Collision Avoidance 4.25 time slot method of preparing a time window when a Target answers, an
37、d assigning and identifying two or more logic channels Ecma International 2013 34.26 transaction initialisation, data exchange and device de-selection 5.1 Representation of numbers The following conventions and notations apply in this document unless otherwise stated. Letters and digits in single qu
38、otation mark represent numbers in hexadecimal notation. The setting of bits is denoted by ZERO or ONE. Numbers in binary notation and bit patterns are represented by strings of digits 0 and 1 shown with the most significant bit to the left. Within such strings, X may be used to indicate that the set
39、ting of a bit is not specified within the string. For example (XXXX)b. 5.2 Names The names of basic elements, e.g. specific fields, are written with a capital initial letter. 6 Abbreviated terms ALL_REQ Wake up ALL Request ASK Amplitude Shift Keying ATR Attribute Request and Attribute Response ATR_R
40、EQ Attribute Request ATR_RES Attribute ResponseBCD Binary Code DecimalBRi Receiving bit duration supported by Initiator BRt Receiving bit duration supported by Target BSi Sending bit duration supported by Initiator BSt Sending bit duration supported by Target CMD Command CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
41、D Divisor DEP Data Exchange Protocol Request and Data Exchange Protocol Response DEP_REQ Data Exchange Protocol Request DEP_RES Data Exchange Protocol Response DIDi Initiator Device ID DIDt Target Device ID DRi Data rate Received by Initiator DRt Data rate Received by Initiator DSi Data rate Send by
42、 Initiator DSL Deselect Request and Deselect Response DSL_REQ Deselect Request DSL_RES Deselect ResponseDSt Data rate Send by Target etu elementary time unit fc Frequency of operating field (carrier frequency) fd Baseband frequency of Manchester coding fs ISO/IEC 14443-2 Subcarrier FRT Frame Respons
43、e Time Gi Optional information field for Initiator Gt Optional information field for Target HLTA ISO/IEC 14443-3 HaLT command, Type A ID Identification number lsb least significant bit 4 Ecma International 2013LSB Least Significant Byte MI Multiple Information link for Data Exchange Protocol msb mos
44、t significant bit MSB Most Significant Byte NAD Node Address NFCID1 fc/128 UID nfcid1n Byte number n of NFCID1 NFCID2 Random ID for SDD in Passive communication mode at fc/64 and fc/32 bit rates nfcid2n Byte number n of the Random Identifier NFCID2 NFCID3 Random ID for transport protocol activation
45、nfcid3n Byte number n of the Random Identifier NFCID3 P Odd parity bit PA Preamble PCD Proximity Coupling Device ISO/IEC 14443-2 pdu protocol data unit PFB Control information for transaction PICC Proximity Card or object ISO/IEC 14443-2 PNI Packet Number Information PPi Protocol Parameters used by
46、Initiator PPt Protocol Parameters used by Target PSL Parameter Selection Request and Parameter Selection Response PSL_REQ Parameter Selection Request PSL_RES Parameter Selection Response RF Radio Frequency RFCA RF Collision Avoidance RFU Reserved for Future Use RLS Release Request and Release Respon
47、se RLS_REQ Release Request RLS_RES Releas ResponseRWT Response Waiting Time SB Start byte for data exchange protocol at fc/128 SDD Single Device Detection (anti-collision) SEL_CMD Select Command byte SYNC Synchronisation patternTO Timeout value UID Unique Identifier ISO/IEC 14443-3 WT Waiting Time W
48、UP Wakeup Request and Wakeup Response WUP_REQ Wakeup RequestWUP_RES Wakeup Response 7 General NFCIP-1 Targets and Initiators shall implement both the Active and the Passive communication modes. In the Active communication mode, both the Initiator and the Target use their own RF field to communicate.
49、 The Initiator starts the NFCIP-1 transaction. The Target responds to an Initiator command in the Active communication mode by modulating its own RF field. In the Passive communication mode, the Initiator generates the RF field and starts the transaction. The Target responds to an Initiator command in the Passive communication mode by modulating the Initiators RF field which is referred to as load modulation. This Standard specifies requirements for modulation, bit rates and bit coding. In addition it specifies requirements
