1、 ECMA-351 1stEdition / December 2003 Data Interchange on 90 mm Optical Disk Cartridges - Capacity: 1,3 Gbytes per Cartridge Ecma International Rue du Rhne 114 CH-1204 Geneva T/F: +41 22 849 6000/01 www.ecma-international.org Data Interchange on 90 mm Optical Disk Cartridges - Capacity: 1,3 Gbytes pe
2、r Cartridge Standard ECMA-351 1stEdition / December 2003 . Brief history Technical Committee Ecma TC31 for Optical Disk Cartridges (ODCs) was set up in 1984. The Committee made major contributions to ISO/IEC JTC1/SC23 to the development of standards for 90 mm ODCs, and provided camera-ready copies f
3、or most International Standards for ODCs. Ecma has published the following Ecma Standards for 90 mm ODCs, most of them have been adopted by ISO/IEC JTC 1 under the fast-track procedure. ECMA-154 (1991) Data Interchange on 90 mm Optical Disk Cartridges, Read-Only and Rewritable M.O. (ISO/IEC 10090) E
4、CMA-201 (1994) Data Interchange on 90 mm Optical Disk Cartridges - Capacity 230 Mbytes (ISO/IEC 13963) ECMA-223 (1995) Data Interchange on 90 mm Optical Disk Cartridges - Capacity 385 Mbytes Ecma TC31 also contributed to develop ISO/IEC 15041, Data Interchange on 90 mm Optical Disk Cartridges - Capa
5、city 640 Mbytes. The December 2003 General Assembly adopted this, 1stedition, of ECMA-351. - i - Table of contents Section 1 - General 1 1 Scope 1 2 Conformance 1 2.1 Optical disk Cartridge(ODC) 1 2.2 Generating system 1 2.3 Receiving system 1 2.4 Compatibility statement 1 3 Normative references 2 4
6、 Definitions 2 4.1 band 2 4.2 case 2 4.3 Channel bit 2 4.4 clamping zone 2 4.5 control track 2 4.6 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) 2 4.7 defect management 2 4.8 disk reference plane 2 4.9 embossed mark 2 4.10 entrance surface 2 4.11 Error Correction Code (ECC) 2 4.12 field 2 4.13 format 2 4.14 fully r
7、ewritable disk 3 4.15 groove 3 4.16 hub 3 4.17 interleaving 3 4.18 Kerr rotation 3 4.19 land and groove 3 4.20 logical track 3 4.21 logical ZCAV 3 4.22 mark 3 4.23 optical disk 3 4.24 optical disk cartridge (ODC) 3 - ii - 4.25 physical track 3 4.26 physical track group 3 4.27 pitch 3 4.28 polarizati
8、on 4 4.29 read power 4 4.30 recording layer 4 4.31 Reed-Solomon code 4 4.32 sector 4 4.33 space 4 4.34 spindle 4 4.35 substrate 4 4.36 zone 4 5 Conventions and notations 4 5.1 Representation of numbers 4 5.2 Names 5 6 List of acronyms 5 7 General description of the optical disk cartridge 5 8 General
9、 requirements 6 8.1 Environments 6 8.1.1 Testing environment 6 8.1.2 Operating environment 6 8.1.3 Storage environment 6 8.1.4 Transportation 7 8.2 Temperature shock 7 8.3 Safety requirements 7 8.4 Flammability 7 9 Reference Drive 7 9.1 Optical system 7 9.2 Optical beam 8 9.3 Read channels 9 9.4 Tra
10、cking 9 9.5 Rotation of the disk 9 Section 2 - Mechanical and physical characteristics 10 10 Dimensional and physical characteristics of the case 10 10.1 General description of the case (see Figure 2) 10 - iii - 10.2 Reference planes of the case 10 10.3 Dimensions of the case 10 10.3.1 Overall dimen
11、sions (see Figure 3) 10 10.3.2 Location hole (see Figure 3) 11 10.3.3 Alignment hole (see Figure 3) 11 10.3.4 Reference surfaces (see Figure 4) 11 10.3.5 Detents (see Figure 5) 12 10.3.6 Functional Areas (see Figure 6) 12 10.3.7 Spindle and head windows (see Figure 7) 13 10.3.8 Shutter (see Figure 8
12、) 14 10.3.9 Path for shutter opener and shutter sensor notch (see Figure 9) 14 10.3.10 Mis-insert protections (see Figure 10) 15 10.3.11 Gripper slots (see Figure 11) 15 10.3.12 Label area (see Figure 12) 16 10.4 Mechanical characteristics 16 10.4.1 Material 16 10.4.2 Mass 16 10.4.3 Edge distortion
13、16 10.4.4 Compliance 16 10.4.5 Shutter opening force 16 11 Dimensional, mechanical and physical characteristics of the disk 28 11.1 General description of the disk 28 11.2 Reference axis and plane of the disk 28 11.3 Dimensions of the disk (see Figure 13) 28 11.3.1 Hub dimensions (see Figure 13) 28
14、11.3.2 Clamping zone (see Figure 13) 29 11.4 Mechanical characteristics 29 11.4.1 Material 29 11.4.2 Mass 29 11.4.3 Moment of inertia 29 11.4.4 Imbalance 29 11.4.5 Axial deflection 29 11.4.6 Axial acceleration 30 11.4.7 Radial runout 30 11.4.8 Radial acceleration 31 11.4.9 Tilt 31 11.5 Optical Chara
15、cteristics 31 11.5.1 Index of refraction 31 11.5.2 Thickness of the substrate 31 11.5.3 Birefringence 31 11.5.4 Vertical Birefringence 31 11.5.5 Reflectance 32 - iv - 12 Interface between cartridge and drive 32 12.1 Clamping method 32 12.2 Clamping force 32 12.3 Capture cylinder (see Figure 14) 32 1
16、2.4 Disk position in operating condition (see Figure 14) 33 Section 3 - Format of information 35 13 Geometry of physical tracks 35 13.1 Physical track shape 35 13.2 Direction of track spiral 35 13.3 Physical track pitch 35 14 Track format 35 14.1 Logical Track number 35 14.2 Logical Track layout 35
17、14.3 Clock frequencies and periods 35 14.4 Radial alignment 36 14.5 Sector number 36 15 Sector format 36 15.1 Sector layout 36 15.2 Sector Mark (SM) 37 15.3 VFO fields 38 15.4 Address Mark (AM) 39 15.5 ID fields 39 15.6 Postambles (PA) 39 15.7 Gap 40 15.8 Sync 40 15.9 Data field 40 15.9.1 User data
18、bytes 40 15.9.2 CRC and ECC bytes 41 15.9.3 Resync bytes 41 15.10 Buffer field 41 16 Recording code 41 17 Format of the Information Zone 42 17.1 General description of the Information Zone 42 17.2 Division of the Information Zone 42 17.2.1 Initial Zone 42 - v - 17.2.2 Buffer Zones 42 17.2.3 Test Zon
19、es 42 17.2.4 Control Zone 43 17.2.5 Data Zone 44 18 Format of the Data Zone 44 18.1 Buffer tracks and Test tracks in the Data Zone 44 18.2 Defect Management Areas (DMAs) 44 18.3 Disk Definition Structure (DDS) 47 18.4 Partitioning 48 19 Defect management 49 19.1 Initialization of the disk 49 19.2 Ce
20、rtification 49 19.2.1 Slipping Algorithm 49 19.2.2 Linear Replacement Algorithm 49 19.3 Disks not certified 50 19.4 Write procedure 50 19.5 Primary Defect List (PDL) 50 19.6 Secondary Defect List (SDL) 50 Section 4 - Characteristics of embossed information 52 20 Method of testing 52 20.1 Environment
21、 52 20.2 Use of the Reference Drive 52 20.2.1 Optics and mechanics 52 20.2.2 Read power 52 20.2.3 Read channels 52 20.2.4 Tracking 52 20.3 Definition of signals 52 21 Signals from grooves 53 21.1 Divided push-pull signal 53 21.2 Phase depth 54 21.3 Track location 54 22 Signals from Headers 54 22.1 S
22、ector Mark 54 22.2 VFO1 and VFO2 54 22.3 Address Mark, ID field and Postamble 54 22.4 Timing jitter 55 - vi - 22.5 Asymmetry 55 23 Signals from embossed Recording fields 55 23.1 Signal amplitude 55 23.2 Timing jitter 55 Section 5 - Characteristics of the recording layer and user data 56 24 Method of
23、 testing 56 24.1 Environment 56 24.2 Reference Drive 56 24.2.1 Optics and mechanics 56 24.2.2 Read power 56 24.2.3 Read magnetic field 56 24.2.4 Read channel 56 24.2.5 Tracking 56 24.2.6 Signal detection for testing purposes 56 24.3 Write conditions 57 24.3.1 Write pulse and power 57 24.3.2 Write ma
24、gnetic field 59 24.3.3 2T and 4T pulse power determination 59 24.3.4 Media power sensitivity 59 24.4 Erase conditions 59 24.4.1 Erase power 60 24.4.2 Erase magnetic field 60 24.5 Definition of signals 60 25 Magneto-optical characteristics 60 25.1 Figure of merit 60 25.2 Imbalance of the magneto-opti
25、cal signal 60 25.3 Magneto-optical signals obtained from the embossed Headers 61 26 Write characteristics 61 26.1 Resolution 61 26.2 Narrow-band signal-to-noise ratio (NBSNR) 61 26.3 Cross-talk ratio 62 26.3.1 Rewritable track test method 62 26.4 Timing jitter 62 26.5 Media thermal interaction 62 27
26、 Erase power determination 63 Section 6 - Characteristics of user data 64 - vii - 28 Method of testing 64 28.1 Environment 64 28.2 Reference Drive 64 28.2.1 Optics and mechanics 64 28.2.2 Read conditions 64 28.2.3 Read amplifiers 64 28.2.4 Mark Quality 64 28.2.5 Channel bit clock 65 28.2.6 Binary-to
27、-digital converters 65 28.2.7 Error correction 65 28.2.8 Tracking 65 29 Minimum quality of a sector 65 29.1 Headers 65 29.1.1 Sector Mark 65 29.1.2 ID fields 65 29.2 User-written data 65 29.2.1 Recording field 65 29.2.2 Byte errors 65 29.2.3 Timing jitter 65 30 Data interchange requirements 65 30.1
28、Tracking 65 30.2 User-written data 66 30.3 Quality of disk 66 Annex A - Edge distortion test 67 Annex B - Compliance test 69 Annex C - CRC for ID fields 71 Annex D - Interleave, CRC, ECC, Resync for the data field 73 Annex E - Contents of the Control Zone 77 Annex F - Determination of the Resync pat
29、terns 83 Annex G - Measurement of the figure of merit 89 Annex H - Read Channel for measuring NBSNR and jitter 91 - viii - Annex I - Implementation Independent Mark Quality Determination (IIMQD) for the interchange of recorded media 95 Annex J - Air cleanliness class 100 000 97 Annex K - Position of
30、 the cartridge relative to the reference planes 99 Annex L - Relaxation by zones of the requirements for signals 101 Annex M - Test method for measuring the adsorbent force of the hub 103 Annex N - Track deviation measurement 105 Annex O - Derivation of the operating climatic environment 109 Annex P
31、 - Transportation 115 Annex Q - Office environment 117 Annex R - Values to be implemented in existing and future standards 119 Annex S - Measurement of the vertical birefringence of the substrate 121 Annex T - Sector retirement guidelines 123 Annex U - Laser power calibration for evaluation of media
32、 power sensitivity 125 - 1 - Section 1 - General 1 Scope This Ecma Standard defines the characteristics of 90 mm Optical Disk Cartridges (ODC) with a capacity of 1,3 Gbytes per cartridge. The Standard specifies only Type R/W for 2 048byte sectors of such cartridge. Type R/W provides for data to be w
33、ritten, read and erased many times over the entire recording surface of the disk using the thermo-magnetic and magneto-optical effects. It is also referred to as “fully rewritable“. This Ecma Standard provides for 2 048-byte sectors only. All sectors on a disk are of the same size. This Ecma Standar
34、d specifies the conditions for conformance testing and the Reference Drive; the environments in which the cartridges are to be operated and stored; the mechanical and physical characteristics of the cartridge, so as to provide mechanical interchange ability between data processing systems; the forma
35、t of the information on the disk, both embossed and user-written; including the physical disposition of the tracks and sectors, the error correction codes, and the modulation method used; the characteristics of the embossed information on the disk; the magneto-optical characteristics of the disk, en
36、abling processing systems to write data onto the disk; the minimum quality of user-written data on the disk, enabling data processing systems to read data from the disk. This Ecma Standard provides for interchange between optical disk drives. Together with a standard for volume and file structure, i
37、t provides for full data interchange between data processing systems. 2 Conformance 2.1 Optical Disk Cartridge (ODC) A claim of conformance with this Ecma Standard shall specify the Type of the ODC. It shall be in conformance if it meets all mandatory requirements specified herein for that Type. 2.2
38、 Generating system A claim of conformance with this Ecma Standard shall specify which Type is supported. A system generating an ODC for interchange shall be in conformance with this Ecma Standard if it meets the mandatory requirements of this Ecma Standard for the Type specified. 2.3 Receiving syste
39、m A claim of conformance with this Ecma Standard shall specify which Type is supported. A system receiving an ODC for interchange shall be in conformance with this Ecma Standard if it is able to process any recording made on the cartridge in accordance with 2.1 on the Type specified. 2.4 Compatibili
40、ty statement A claim of conformance with this Ecma Standard shall include a statement listing any other Ecma Standard supported by the system for which conformance is claimed. This statement shall specify the number of the Standard(s), the ODC type(s) supported (where appropriate) and whether suppor
41、t includes reading or both reading and writing. - 2 - 3 Normative references The following standard contains provisions, which through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Ecma Standard. At the time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. All standards are subject to revisi
42、on, and parties to agreements based on this Ecma Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the following standard. ECMA-287 Safety of electronic equipment 4 Definitions For the purpose of this Ecma Standard the following definitions apply. 4.1 band
43、 Part of the Data Zone comprising a fixed number of consecutive physical tracks. 4.2 case The housing for an optical disk, that protects the disk and facilitates disk interchange. 4.3 Channel bit The smallest element for the representation of data on a disk. It is recorded as either a space or a mar
44、k. Twelve Channel bits are used to represent eight input bits. 4.4 clamping zone The annular part of the disk within which the clamping force is applied by the clamping device. 4.5 control track A track containing the information on media parameters and format necessary for writing, reading and eras
45、ing the remaining tracks on the optical disk. 4.6 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) A method for detecting errors in data. 4.7 defect management A method for handling the defective areas on the disk. 4.8 disk reference plane A plane defined by the perfectly flat annular surface of an ideal spindle onto
46、which the clamping zone of the disk is clamped, and which is normal to the axis of rotation. 4.9 embossed mark A mark so formed as to be unalterable by magneto-optical means. 4.10 entrance surface The surface of the disk on to which the optical beam first impinges. 4.11 Error Correction Code (ECC) A
47、n error-detecting code designed to correct certain kinds of errors in data. 4.12 field A subdivision of a sector. 4.13 format The arrangement or layout of information on the disk. - 3 - 4.14 fully rewritable disk An optical disk in which the data in specified areas can be rewritten by an optical bea
48、m. 4.15 groove See 4.19. 4.16 hub The central feature on the disk which interacts with the spindle of the disk drive to provide radial centering and the clamping force. 4.17 interleaving The process of allocating the physical sequence of units of data so as to render the data more immune to burst er
49、rors. 4.18 Kerr rotation The rotation of the plane of polarization of an optical beam upon reflection from the recording layer, as caused by the magneto-optical effect. 4.19 land and groove A trench-like feature of the disk, applied before the recording of any information, and used to define the track location. The groove is located nearer to the entrance surface than the land with which it is paired to form a track. 4.20 logical track 17 consecutive sectors for disks with 2 048-byte sectors in one or more physical tracks. The first sector of each logical track is assigned
