1、 Information Interchange on Holographic Versatile Disc (HVD) Recordable Cartridges Capacity: 200 Gbytes per Cartridge ECMA-377 1st Edition / May 2007 Ecma International Rue du Rhne 114 CH-1204 Geneva T/F: +41 22 849 6000/01 www.ecma-international.org D ecma_377.doc Information Interchange on Hologra
2、phic Versatile Disc (HVD) Recordable Cartridges Capacity: 200 Gbytes per Cartridge Standard ECMA-377 1st Edition / May 2007 . NOTIFICATION AND DISCLAIMER Ecma international draws attention to the possibility that the practice, use or implementation of this Ecma Standard or of parts thereof may invol
3、ve the use of one or more Intellectual Property Rights, in particular such as a patent or a patent application. Ecma International takes no position concerning the existence, evidence, scope of protection, validity or applicability of any or all of such Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted
4、 by Ecma International members or others outside of the Ecma Standard development process worldwide. In particular, Ecma International does not identify any or all of such Intellectual Property Rights, does not evaluate the scope of protection and validity of any or all of such Intellectual Property
5、 Rights, and does not evaluate the question whether the practice, use or implementation of this Ecma Standard or of parts thereof does or does not make use of any or all of such Intellectual Property Rights. Furthermore, Ecma International does not assume under any circumstances any responsibility i
6、n this respect. Ecma International informs that as of the date of approval of this Standard, Ecma International has received notice of Intellectual Property Rights. Implementers and users are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information which is available and are therefore strongly u
7、rged to consult the Ecma International website for further information. Introduction In October 2004 a group of Companies, known as the HVD Alliance, proposed to Ecma to develop a standard for the first member of a family of holographic media. Ecma adopted this project and Ecma Technical Committee T
8、C44 was established for the standardization of holographic media. This Standard ECMA-377 is the first standard for a Holographic Disk Cartridge (HDC). This Ecma Standard has been adopted by the General Assembly in May 2007. - i - Table of contents Section 1 - General 1 1 Scope 1 2 Conformance 1 2.1
9、Holographic Disk Cartridge 1 2.2 Generating system 1 2.3 Receiving system 1 2.4 Compatibility statement 1 3 References 2 4 Definitions 2 4.1 asymmetry 2 4.2 case 2 4.3 case reference plane 2 4.4 clamping zone 2 4.5 cover layer 2 4.6 Data Page 2 4.7 Data Page hologram 2 4.8 Data Page hologram pitch 2
10、 4.9 data reading beam 2 4.10 data reading energy 2 4.11 data recording beam 2 4.12 data recording energy 2 4.13 disk reference plane 3 4.14 entrance surface 3 4.15 Error Correction Code (ECC) 3 4.16 finalizing 3 4.17 fixing 3 4.18 format 3 4.19 hologram track 3 4.20 holographic disk 3 4.21 Holograp
11、hic Disk Cartridge (HDC) 3 4.22 holographic recording 3 4.23 packet 3 4.24 Permanent holographic information (Phi) type (of medium) 3 - ii - 4.25 pit 3 4.26 pit layer 3 4.27 pit track 3 4.28 pixel 3 4.29 recording layer 4 4.30 Reference Drive 4 4.31 Reference Pattern 4 4.32 Reed-Solomon code 4 4.33
12、spatial light modulator 4 4.34 Specific Disk Information (SDI) 4 4.35 spindle 4 4.36 Sub-Page 4 4.37 substrate 4 4.38 Symbol 4 4.39 Sync Mark 4 4.40 track 4 4.41 tracking/addressing beam 4 4.42 tracking/addressing reading power 4 4.43 track pitch 4 4.44 User data Zone 4 4.45 write-inhibit hole 5 4.4
13、6 zone 5 5 Conventions and notations 5 5.1 Representation of numbers 5 5.2 Names 5 6 Acronyms 5 7 General description 5 8 General requirement 6 8.1 Environments 6 8.1.1 Operating environment 6 8.1.2 Storage environment 6 8.1.3 Transportation 7 8.2 Temperature shock 7 8.3 Safety requirements 7 8.4 Fl
14、ammability 7 - iii - 9 Reference Drive 7 9.1 Optical system 7 9.2 Tracking and Addressing Channel 9 9.2.1 Tracking/addressing beam 9 9.2.2 Tracking/Addressing/SDI signals 9 9.3 Data Holographic Recording Channel 9 9.3.1 Recording beam 9 9.3.2 Spatial light modulator 10 9.4 Data Holographic Reading C
15、hannel 11 9.4.1 Read beam 11 9.4.2 Spatial light modulator 12 9.4.3 Photodetector array 12 9.5 Conditions for measuring the operational signals 12 9.5.1 Tracking, Addressing, Specific Disk Information 12 9.5.2 Data recording 12 9.5.3 Data reading 12 9.5.4 Normalized servo transfer functions 12 9.5.5
16、 Rotation of the disk 12 9.6 Fixing 12 Section 2 - Mechanical and physical characteristics 13 10 Dimensional, mechanical, and physical characteristics of the case 13 10.1 General description of the case 13 10.2 Reference axes and case reference plane 13 10.3 Case drawings 13 10.4 Dimensions of the c
17、ase 13 10.4.1 Overall dimensions 13 10.4.2 Location hole 14 10.4.3 Alignment hole 14 10.4.4 Surfaces on Case Reference Plane P 15 10.4.5 Insertion slots and detent features 15 10.4.6 Gripper slots 16 10.4.7 Write-inhibit hole 16 10.4.8 Media identification sensor areas 16 10.4.9 Head and motor windo
18、ws 17 10.4.10 Shutter 17 10.4.11 Shutter unlocking levers 17 10.4.12 Slider for shutter opener 19 10.4.13 Feature to prevent insertion into UDO, MO and WO drives 19 10.4.14 User label areas 19 10.5 Mechanical characteristics 19 10.5.1 Materials 19 10.5.2 Mass 19 - iv - 10.5.3 Edge distortion 19 10.5
19、.4 Compliance 20 10.5.5 Shutter opening force 20 10.5.6 Levers unlocking forces 20 10.6 Light-proof characteristics 20 10.7 Drop test 20 10.8 Electro-static discharge test 20 11 Dimensional, mechanical, and physical characteristics of the disk 34 11.1 General description of the disk 34 11.2 Referenc
20、e axis and plane of the disk 34 11.3 Dimensions of the disk 35 11.4 Clamping Zone 35 11.5 Mechanical characteristics 35 11.5.1 Material 35 11.5.2 Mass 35 11.5.3 Moment of inertia 35 11.5.4 Imbalance 35 11.5.5 Axial deflection 35 11.5.6 Axial acceleration 36 11.5.7 Radial runout 36 11.5.8 Radial acce
21、leration 36 11.5.9 Tilt 36 11.6 Optical characteristics 37 11.6.1 Substrate 37 11.6.2 Metadata layer 37 11.6.3 Gap layer 1 37 11.6.4 Dichroic mirror layer 37 11.6.5 Gap layer 2 37 11.6.6 Holographic recording layer 37 11.6.7 Cover layer 37 11.6.8 Thicknesses of the stack of layers 37 11.6.9 Birefrin
22、gence of the stack of layers 39 12 Interface between cartridge and drive 39 12.1 Clamping method 39 12.2 Tapered cone for disk clamping 39 12.3 Clamping force 39 12.4 Capture cylinder 39 12.5 Disk position in operating condition 39 Section 3 - Format of information 41 13 General description 41 - v -
23、 14 Tracking and addressing information format / Specific Disk Information format 41 14.1 Pit track pitch 41 14.2 Pit track format 41 14.2.1 Sector 41 14.2.2 Header 42 14.2.3 Sync 46 14.2.4 Tracking data 46 14.2.5 Land 47 14.3 Specific Disk Information (SDI) 47 14.3.1 SDI bytes encoding 47 14.4 Chan
24、nel bits radial alignment 47 15 Data information format 48 15.1 Data Page holograms layout in the recording layer 48 15.1.1 Radial Data Page hologram pitch 48 15.1.2 Data Page hologram layout within tracks 48 15.1.3 Zones / Tangential Data Page hologram pitch / Number of Data Page holograms per Peap
25、od 48 15.2 Data Page encoding 50 15.2.1 User data 50 15.2.2 Header 50 15.2.3 Footer 50 15.2.4 ECC 50 15.2.5 Scrambling 51 15.3 Digital to image conversion 52 15.3.1. 8 to 16 bits conversion 52 15.3.2 Symbol/Sub-Page 53 15.4 Data Page hologram - Reference Pattern 54 16 Formatted Zone 55 16.1 General
26、description of the Formatted Zone 55 16.2 Content/usage of the Formatted Zone 55 16.2.1 Zone 0 Lead-in Zone / Buffer Zone 1 / Test Zone / Buffer Zone 2 55 16.2.2 Zones 1 to 15 - User data Zone 55 16.2.3 Zone 16 - Lead-out Zone 56 17 Finalizing 56 Section 4 - Characteristics of the tracking/addressin
27、g and SDI information 56 18 Method of testing 56 18.1 Environment 56 18.2 Use of the Reference Drive 56 - vi - 18.2.1 Optics and mechanics 56 18.2.2 Tracking/addressing beam power 56 18.2.3 Tracking requirements 56 18.3 Definition of signals 56 19 Signal requirements 57 19.1 Reflectivity 57 19.2 Nor
28、malized Push Pull signal 57 19.3 Modulation 58 19.4 Resolution 58 19.5 4Ttop modulation 58 19.6 Asymmetry 58 19.6.1 Asymmetry (4T - 2T) 58 19.6.2 Asymmetry (16T - 4T) 58 19.7 Jitter 58 19.8 Phase depth 58 Section 5 - Characteristics of the recording layer 59 20 Method of testing 59 20.1 Environment
29、59 20.2 Reference Drive 59 20.2.1 Optics and mechanics 59 20.2.2 Data recording energy 59 20.2.3 Data reading energy 59 20.2.4 Tracking requirements 59 20.2.5 Relative positioning of the focus of the data recording/reading beam and the tracking/addressing beam 59 20.2.6 Data detection for testing pu
30、rposes 59 20.3 Writing conditions 59 20.3.1 Write pulse 59 20.3.2 Write pulse energy determination 59 21 Recording layer characteristics requirements 60 22 Holographic material characteristics 60 22.1 Read energy damage 60 Section 6 - Characteristics of user data 60 23 User data Method of testing 60
31、 23.1 Environment 60 23.2 Reference Drive 60 - vii - 23.2.1 Optics and mechanics 60 23.2.2 Tracking/addressing reading power 60 23.2.3 Data energy 60 23.2.4 Tracking requirements 60 23.2.5 Relative positioning of the focus of the data reading beam and the tracking/addressing beam 60 23.2.6 Data dete
32、ction for testing purposes 61 24 Minimum quality of a Data Page 61 25 Data interchange requirements 61 25.1 Tracking 61 25.2 User-written data 61 25.3 User-read data 61 Annex A (normative) Edge distortion test 63 Annex B (normative) Compliance test 65 Annex C (normative) Cartridge light-proof test 6
33、9 Annex D (normative) Electro-static discharge test 71 Annex E (normative) Measurement of light reflectance 73 Annex F (normative) Measurement of birefringence 75 Annex G (normative) Tapered cone for disk clamping 79 Annex H (normative) Specific Disk Information 81 Annex I (normative) ECC 85 Annex J
34、 (normative) 16 bits to Symbols conversion look-up table 89 Annex K (normative) Finalizing data 105 Annex L (normative) Tracking/Addressing and Data Reading Channels characteristics 107 Annex M (normative) Asymmetry measuring definition 111 Annex N (informative) Office environment 113 Annex O (infor
35、mative) Transportation 115 Annex P (informative) Track deviation measurement 117 - 1 - Section 1 - General 1 Scope This Ecma Standard specifies the mechanical, physical, and optical characteristics of a Holographic Disk Cartridge (HDC) that employs holographic recording to enable data interchange be
36、tween such disks. The disk is of the Phi (Permanent holographic information) type providing for data once written to be read a multiplicity of times. The 120 mm diameter disk has a nominal capacity of 200 Gigabytes. This Ecma Standard specifies - the conditions for conformance testing and the Refere
37、nce Drive; - the environments in which the cartridges are to be operated and stored; - the mechanical, physical and dimensional characteristics of the cartridge so as to provide mechanical interchangeability between data processing systems; - the format of the information on the disk, both embossed
38、and user-written, including the physical disposition of the tracks and data pages, the error correction codes, the modulation methods used; - the characteristics of the embossed information on the disk; - the holographic characteristics of the disk, enabling processing systems to write and read data
39、 onto/from the disk; - the minimum quality of user-written data on the disk, enabling data processing systems to read data from the disk. This Ecma Standard provides for interchange between holographic disk drives. Together with a standard for volume and file structure, it provides for full data int
40、erchange between data processing systems. 2 Conformance 2.1 Holographic Disk Cartridge An HDC shall be in conformance with this Ecma Standard if it meets all mandatory requirements specified therein. 2.2 Generating system A system generating an HDC for interchange shall be in conformance with this E
41、cma Standard if it meets the mandatory requirements of this Ecma Standard. 2.3 Receiving system A system receiving an HDC for interchange shall be in conformance with this Ecma Standard if it is able to process any recording made on the cartridge according to 2.1. 2.4 Compatibility statement A claim
42、 of conformance with this Ecma Standard shall include a statement listing any other disk cartridge standard supported by the system for which conformance is claimed. This statement shall specify the number of the standard(s), including, where appropriate, the disk cartridge type(s), and whether supp
43、ort includes reading only or both reading and writing. - 2 - 3 References The following Standards contain provisions, which through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Ecma Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subjected to revis
44、ion, and parties to agreements based on this Ecma Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the following Standards. ECMA-287 (2002) Safety of electronic equipment ECMA-328 (2001) Detection and measurement of chemical emissions from electronic equ
45、ipment 4 Definitions For the purpose of this Ecma Standard the following definitions apply. 4.1 asymmetry The deviation between the centre levels of signals generated by two distinct repeating pit and land patterns. 4.2 case The housing that protects the disk and facilitates disk interchange. 4.3 ca
46、se reference plane A plane to which the dimensions of the case are referred. 4.4 clamping zone The annular part of the disk within which the clamping force is applied by the clamping device. 4.5 cover layer A transparent layer of the disk, which protects other layers. 4.6 Data Page A two-dimensional
47、 representation of data. 4.7 Data Page hologram A hologram storing a Data Page. 4.8 Data Page hologram pitch The distance between adjacent Data Page hologram centres in the recording layer, measured in the radial direction (radial Data Page hologram pitch) or in the tangential direction (tangential
48、Data Page hologram pitch). 4.9 data reading beam The beam used to reconstruct the image stored in the recorded hologram. 4.10 data reading energy The optical energy, incident at the entrance surface of the disk, of the hologram reading beam. 4.11 data recording beam The beam used to record the holog
49、ram. 4.12 data recording energy The optical energy, incident at the entrance surface of the disk, of the hologram recording beam. - 3 - 4.13 disk reference plane A plane defined by the perfectly flat annular surface of an ideal spindle onto which the clamping zone of the disk is clamped, and which is normal to the axis of rotation. 4.14 entrance surface The surface of the disk onto which the optical beams first impinge. 4.15 Error Correction Code (ECC) An error-detecting code designed to correct certain kinds of errors in data. 4.16 finalizing The operation after which no fur
