1、 Reference numberECMA-123:2010Ecma International 2010ECMA-383 3rdEdition / December 2010 Measuring the Energy Consumption of Personal Computing Products COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT Ecma International 2010 Ecma International 2010 iContents Page 1 Scope 1 2 Conformance . 1 3 Normative references 1 4
2、Terms and definitions . 1 5 Specifications for EUT 1 5.1 Computer Descriptions . 3 5.1.1 Desktop computer . 3 5.1.2 Notebook computer . 4 5.1.3 Integrated desktop computer . 4 5.2 Power modes . 4 5.2.1 Off Mode (Poff) 4 5.2.2 Sleep Mode (Psleep) . 4 5.2.3 WoL Sleep Mode (PsleepWoL) . 4 5.2.4 On Mode
3、 (Pon) . 5 5.2.5 Idle Modes 5 5.2.6 Active (Work) Mode (Pwork) 5 5.3 Duty Cycle Attributes 5 5.3.1 Off component of Duty Cycle (Toff) 5 5.3.2 Sleep component of Duty Cycle (Tsleep or (2) a product packaged as a single product where the computer display is separate but is connected to the main chassi
4、s by a DC power cord and both the computer and computer display are powered from a single power supply. As a subset of desktop computers, integrated desktop computers are typically designed to provide similar functionality as desktop computers. NOTE An integrated desktop computer may also be referre
5、d to as an all-in-one computer. 5.2 Power modes 5.2.1 Off Mode (Poff) The lowest power mode which cannot be switched off (influenced) by the user and that may persist for an indefinite time when the EUT is connected to the main electricity supply and used in accordance with the manufacturers instruc
6、tions. For products where ACPI standards are applicable, off mode correlates to ACPI system level S5 state. Poffrepresents the average power measured in the off mode. NOTE Some international regulations may also refer to this mode as standby mode. 5.2.2 Sleep Mode (Psleep) The lowest power mode that
7、 the EUT is capable of entering automatically after a period of inactivity or by manual selection. A EUT with sleep capability can quickly wake in response to network connections or user interface devices with a latency of 5 seconds from initiation of wake event to product becoming fully usable incl
8、uding rendering of display. For products where ACPI standards are applicable sleep mode most commonly correlates to ACPI system level S3 (suspend to RAM). When the EUT is tested with the WoL capability disabled in the sleep state it is referred to as Sleep Mode. Psleeprepresents the average power me
9、asured in the Sleep mode with the WoL capability disabled. 5.2.3 WoL Sleep Mode (PsleepWoL) WoL sleep mode is the lowest power mode that the EUT is capable of entering automatically after a period of inactivity or by manual selection. A EUT with sleep capability can quickly wake in response to netwo
10、rk connections or user interface devices with a latency of 5 seconds from initiation of wake event to product becoming fully usable including rendering of display. For products where ACPI standards are applicable sleep mode most commonly correlates to ACPI system level S3 (suspend to RAM). When the
11、EUT is tested with the WoL capability enabled in the sleep state it is referred to as Wake on LAN Sleep Mode. PsleepWoLrepresents the average power measured in the Sleep mode with the WoL capability enabled. 4 Ecma International 20105.2.4 On Mode (Pon) The on mode represents the mode the EUT is in w
12、hen not in the sleep or off modes. The on mode has several sub-modes that include the long idle mode, the short idle mode and the active (work) mode. Ponrepresents the average power measured when in the on mode. 5.2.5 Idle Modes The modes in which the operating system and other software have complet
13、ed loading, the product is not in sleep mode, and activity is limited to those basic applications that the product starts by default. There are two forms of idle that comprise the idle modes, they are: 5.2.5.1 Short Idle (Psidle) The mode where the EUT has reached an idle condition (e.g. 5 minutes a
14、fter OS boot or after completing an active workload or after resuming from sleep), the screen is on and set to as shipped brightness and long idle power management features should not have engaged (e.g. HDD is spinning and the EUT is prevented from entering sleep mode). Psidle represents the average
15、 power measured when in the short idle mode. 5.2.5.2 Long Idle (Pidle) The mode where the EUT has reached an idle condition (e.g. 15 minutes after OS boot or after completing an active workload or after resuming from sleep), the screen has just blanked but remains in the working mode (ACPI G0/S0). P
16、ower management features if configured as shipped should have engaged (e.g. display is on, HDD may have spun-down) but the EUT is prevented from entering sleep mode. Pidle represents the average power measured when in the long idle mode. NOTE “the screen has just blanked” refers to the main computer
17、 display (integrated panel or external display) has entered a low power state where the screen contents cant be observed (e.g. backlight has been turned off turning the screen black). 5.2.6 Active (Work) Mode (Pwork) The mode in which the EUT is carrying out work in response to a) prior or concurren
18、t user input or b) prior or concurrent instruction over the network. This mode includes active processing, seeking data from storage, memory, or cache, while awaiting further user input and before entering other power modes. In this mode, the screen is on and set to as shipped brightness. Pwork repr
19、esents the average power measured when in the active mode. 5.3 Duty Cycle Attributes The duty cycle of a product is determined by understanding the percentage of time a EUT spends in each of its individual power modes. The attributes associated with the duty cycle are: 5.3.1 Off component of Duty Cy
20、cle (Toff) The percentage of time a EUT is in the off mode. 5.3.2 Sleep component of Duty Cycle (Tsleep the Standard provides for TEC adders. TEC adders are intended to increment the TEC limit (provided by the user of the test results) for a given category of EUTs which include the attribute identif
21、ied by the TEC adder. TEC adders may be provided for items such as: Memory, graphics, TV Tuners, additional HDD, use of an SSD, discrete sound cards, discrete network cards etc. The user of the test results should provide the energy adders to be applied. 12 Ecma International 2010Where the discrete
22、graphics component is treated as an adder, the FB_BW shall be used to determine the adder value. In the case of an integrated desktop computer, the screen shall be treated as an adder. To calculate the TEC adder energy consumption: Determine which TEC adders apply and based on the allowances provide
23、d by the user of the test results calculate the TEC adder value in KWh per TEC adder. Apply any appropriate weighting that the user of the test results provides. Report the overall TEC adder energy as defined in 6.8. NOTE 1 Adders are defined in KWh/adder/year. The user of the test results should pr
24、ovide the energy adder information. Annex D provides examples on how adders are included in a TEC calculation. NOTE 2 The ULE category does not use adders. 6.5 Annualised energy consumption formulas Typical Energy Consumption (TEC) is a weighted average of measured average power in specific EUT powe
25、r modes: Off, sleep/WoL sleep, long idle, short idle and active. It is recommended that the majority profile found in Annex B is used with this Standard. Should the user of this Standard choose to use a different profile, a profile study shall be completed (5.4.4) and the profile TEC error determine
26、d. If the profile TEC error is 15% the user of this Standard shall use 6.5.1. If the profile TEC error is 15% the user of this Standard shall use 6.5.2 and an active workload shall be created that meets the criteria in 6.5.3. NOTE Annex D provides some example TEC calculations. 6.5.1 Estimated Annua
27、lised energy consumption formula (estimated active workload) TECestimate= (8760/1000)*Poff*Toff+ Psleep*Tsleep+ Pidle*Tidle+ Psidle*(Tsidle+ Twork) 100% = Toff+ Tsleep+ Tidle + Tsidle+ Twork Where Txare components of the duty cycle and represents the weighted averages of the time spent in each of th
28、e Pxpower modes. ToffThe percent time the product annually spends in the off mode. Tsleep The percent time the product annually spends in the sleep. Tidle The percent time the product is annually on and in the long idle mode (screen blanked). TsidleThe percent time the product is annually on and in
29、the short idle mode (screen not blanked). TworkThe percent time the product is annually on and in the active mode (screen not blanked). Ecma International 2010 13This is further illustrated in the diagram below (not to scale): 6.5.2 Measured Annualised energy consumption formula (with an active work
30、load) TECactual= (8760/1000)*(Poff*Toff+ Psleep*Tsleep+ Pidle*Tidle+ Psidle*Tsidle+ Pwork*Twork) 100% = Toff+ Tsleep+ Tidle + Tsidle+ Twork Where Txare components of the duty cycle and represents the weighted averages of the time spent in each of the Pxpower modes. ToffThe percent time the product a
31、nnually spends in the off mode. Tsleep The percent time the product annually spends in the sleep. Tidle The percent time the product is annually on and in the long idle mode (screen blanked). TsidleThe percent time the product is annually on and in the short idle mode (screen not blanked). TworkThe
32、percent time the product is annually on and in the active mode (screen not blanked). Where Pworkis measured using an active workload created based on the criteria in 6.5.3. This is further illustrated in the diagram below (not to scale): 6.5.3 Criteria to develop an active workload The workload is r
33、equired to be created if the error in comparing the actual energy to the estimated energy is greater than 15%, or 15% |TECact TECest|/TECactWhere, TECact= 8.76*(Poff*Toff+ Pslp*Tslp+ Pidle*Tidle+ Psidle*Tsidle+ Pwork*Twork) TECest= 8.76*(Poff*Toff + Pslp*Tslp+ Pidle*Tidle+ Psidle*(Tsidle+ Twork) 14
34、Ecma International 2010Which results in the following formulae to qualify the Energy Study for the need of an active workload: 15% |(Pwork*Twork Psidle*Twork)|/(Poff*Toff+ Pslp*Tslp+ Pidle*Tidle+ Psidle*Tsidle+ Pwork*Twork) 6.5.4 Criteria of the active workload (if needed) Should the profile TEC err
35、or be greater than the error defined in 6.5 an active workload shall be created and the TECactualformula in 6.5.2 used. The workload shall be created to ensure that the energy consumed by the workload correlates to the Energy Study such that there is less than a 15% error when comparing the “On Ener
36、gy” consumed by the work as compared to the true “On Energy” as measured in the energy study. |Eonwl Eonstdy|/EonstdyWhere Eonwlis the “On Energy” calculated from the developed workload, and Eonstdyis the “On Energy” calculated from the energy study; or, Eonwl= Pidle*Tidle+ Psidle*Tsidle+ Pwork*Twor
37、k, Eonstdy= Pon*Ton, Ton= Tidle+Tsidle+Twork.Resulting in the equation: 15% |Pidle*Tidle+ Psidle*Tsidle+ Pwork*Twork- Pon*Ton|/(Pon*Ton) 6.6 True RMS Watt Meter specification Approved meters shall include the following attributes: Measurements must be reported by the meter with an overall accuracy o
38、f 1% or better for the ranges measured during the test. Overall accuracy is the sum of all specified analyzer accuracies for the measurements made during the test. An available current crest factor of 3 or more at its rated range value, meters which do not specify the crest factor, the analyzer must
39、 be capable of measuring an amperage spike of at least 3 times the maximum amperage measured during any 1-second sample of the measurement. Report true RMS power (watts) and at least two of the following measurement units: voltage, amperes and power factor. The following attributes in addition to th
40、ose above should be considered: Frequency response of at least 3 kHz. The meter must be able to be calibrated by a standard traceable to NIST (U.S.A.) (http:/nist.gov) or a counterpart national metrology institute in other countries. The analyser must have been calibrated within the past year. If th
41、e meter will be used in an automated setup, it must have an interface that allows its measurements to be read by the SPEC PTDaemon. The reading rate supported by the analyzer must be at least 1 set of measurements per second, where set is defined as watts and at least 2 of the following readings: vo
42、lts, amps and power factor. The data averaging interval of the analyzer must be either 1 (preferred) or 2 times the reading interval. “Data averaging interval“ is defined as the time period over which all samples captured by the high-speed sampling electronics of the analyzer are averaged to provide
43、 the measurement set. Ecma International 2010 15It is also desirable for measurement instruments to be able to average power accurately over any user selected time interval (this is usually done with an internal math calculation dividing accumulated energy by time within the meter, which is the most
44、 accurate approach). As an alternative, the measurement instrument shall have to be capable of integrating energy over any user selected time interval with an energy resolution of less than or equal to 0.1 mWh and integrating time displayed with a resolution of 1 second or less. 6.6.1 True RMS Watt
45、Meter Accuracy Measurements of power of 0.5 W or greater shall be made with an accuracy of 2% or better at the 95% confidence level. Measurements of power of less than 0.5 W shall be made with an accuracy of 0.01 W or better at the 95% confidence level. The power measurement instrument shall have a
46、resolution of: W or better for power measurements of 10 W or less; W or better for power measurements of greater than 10 W up to 100 W; and W or better for power measurements of greater than 100 W. All power figures shall be in watts and rounded to the second decimal place. For loads greater than or
47、 equal to 10 W, three significant figures shall be reported. 6.7 Ambient Light Meter specification If the EUT supports some sort of automatic display luminance control, then the EUT shall be tested in an environment that meets the ambient light requirements defined in 6.3. A meter used to measure th
48、e ambient light conditions shall measure illumination and shall meet the following requirements. Resolution Accuracy 10 Lux +/- 5% 6.8 Results reporting format The following minimum set of information shall be reported. The format is an example format only; the user of the Standard should use the fo
49、rmat of his choice. 1. EUT description Manufacturer _ EUT Code / Model Number _ EUT Type: Notebook computer Desktop Computer Integrated Desktop Computer Operating System: Windows Mac OS Other _ Operating system version details _ For Notebook Computers: Battery pack removed during test Yes No If no then: Fully
