1、 Standard ECMA-320 June 2001 Standardizing Information and Communication Systems Phone: +41 22 849.60.00 - Fax: +41 22 849.60.01 - URL: http:/www.ecma.ch - Internet: helpdeskecma.ch Data Interchange on 12,7 mm -448-Track Magnetic Tape Cartridges - SDLT1 Format . Standard ECMA-320 June 2001 Standardi
2、zing Information and Communication Systems Phone: +41 22 849.60.00 - Fax: +41 22 849.60.01 - URL: http:/www.ecma.ch - Internet: helpdeskecma.ch MB ECMA-320.doc 18-07-01 10,02 Data Interchange on 12,7 mm -448-Track Magnetic Tape Cartridges - SDLT1 Format . Brief History Technical Committee ECMA TC17
3、has produced a series of ECMA Standards for magnetic tape cassettes and cartridges of different widths, e.g. 12,7 mm, 8 mm, 6,35 mm and 3,81 mm. In each series, the new standards correspond to specific types of application and different user requirements. Enhanced and new media correspond also to ad
4、vancements in drive technology. The series of such cartridges with a magnetic tape of 12,7 mm width and longitudinally recorded tracks comprises the following standards. ECMA-120 (1993) : Data Interchange on 12,7 mm 18-Track Magnetic Tape Cartridges ISO 9661 ECMA-152 (1993) : Data Interchange on 12,
5、7 mm 18-Track Magnetic Tape Cartridges - Extended Format ISO/IEC 11559 ECMA-182 (1992) : Data Interchange on 12,7 mm 48-Track Magnetic Tape Cartridges - DLT 1 Format - ISO/IEC 13421 ECMA-196 (1993) : Data Interchange on 12,7 mm 36-Track Magnetic Tape Cartridges ISO/IEC 14251 ECMA-197 (1993) : Data I
6、nterchange on 12,7 mm 112-Track Magnetic Tape Cartridges - DLT 2 Format - ISO/IEC 13962 ECMA-209 (1994) : Data Interchange on 12,7 mm 128-Track Magnetic Tape Cartridges - DLT 3 Format ISO/IEC 14833 ECMA-231 (1995) : Data Interchange on 12,7 mm 128-Track Magnetic Tape Cartridges - DLT 4 Format ISO/IE
7、C 15305 ECMA-258 (1997) : Data Interchange on 12,7 mm 128-Track Magnetic Tape Cartridges - DLT 3-XT Format ISO/IEC 15895 ECMA-259 (1997) : Data Interchange on 12,7 mm 208-Track Magnetic Tape Cartridge - DLT 5 Format ISO/IEC 15896 ECMA-278 (1998) : Data Interchange on 12,7 mm 128-track Magnetic Tape
8、Cartridge ISO/IEC 17913 Parallel Serpentine Format ECMA-286 (1999) : Data Interchange on 12,7 mm 208-Track Magnetic Tape Cartridge - DLT 6 Format ISO/IEC 16282 ECMA-319 (2001) : Data Interchange on 12,7 mm 384-Trak Magnetic Tape Cartridges Ultrium-1 Format This ECMA Standard is the first of a new fa
9、mily of cartridges containing a linearly recorded 448-track 12,7 mm magnetic tape. It represents a further advance by using a combination of magnetic and optical technologies known as Laser-Guided Magnetic Recording (LGMR). The back surface of the tape presents optically detected servo marks. The fo
10、rmat is derived from the DLT Format, it provides for a capacity of 110 Gbytes of uncompressed user data, or typically 220 Gbytes of compressed user data. All ECMA Standards listed above have been or will be adopted by ISO/IEC as International Standards. The present ECMA Standard has also been contri
11、buted to ISO/IEC for adoption as an International Standard under the fast-track procedure. This Standard has been adopted by the ECMA General Assembly of June 2001. - i - Table of contents 1 Scope 1 2 Conformance 1 2.1 Magnetic tape cartridges 1 2.2 Generating systems 1 2.3 Receiving systems 1 3 Ref
12、erences 1 4 Definitions 1 4.1 back surface 1 4.2 Beginning-Of-Tape marker (BOT) 1 4.3 block 2 4.4 byte 2 4.5 cartridge 2 4.6 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) character 2 4.7 Error-Detecting Code (EDC) 2 4.8 End-Of-Tape marker (EOT) 2 4.9 Entity 2 4.10 Error-Correcting Code (ECC) 2 4.11 Envelope 2 4.12
13、Envelope size 2 4.13 flux transition position 2 4.14 flux transition spacing 2 4.15 logical track 2 4.16 magnetic tape 2 4.17 Master Standard Reference Tape 2 4.18 object 2 4.19 page 3 4.20 recording density 3 4.21 physical track 3 4.22 Record 3 4.23 Reference Edge 3 4.24 Reference Field 3 4.25 Seco
14、ndary Standard Reference Tape 3 4.26 Standard Reference Amplitude (SRA) 3 4.27 Standard Reference Current 3 4.28 Test Recording Current 3 4.29 Typical Field 3 5 Conventions and notations 3 5.1 Representation of numbers 3 5.2 Dimensions 4 5.3 Names 4 5.4 Acronyms 4 6 Environment and safety 4 6.1 Cart
15、ridge and tape testing environment 4 6.2 Cartridge operating environment 4 6.3 Cartridge storage environment 5 6.4 Safety 5 - ii - 6.5 Flammability 5 6.5 Transportation 5 Section 2 - Requirements for the unrecorded tape 5 7 Mechanical and electrical requirements 5 7.1 Material 5 7.2 Tape length 5 7.
16、3 Tape width 5 7.4 Tape thickness 5 7.5 Discontinuity 5 7.6 Longitudinal curvature 5 7.6.1 Requirements 5 7.6.2 Procedure 6 7.7 Out-of-Plane distortions 6 7.8 Cupping 6 7.9 Roughness of the coating surfaces 6 7.9.1 Roughness of the back coating surface 6 7.9.2 Roughness of the magnetic coating surfa
17、ce 6 7.10 Coating adhesion 6 7.11 Layer-to-layer adhesion 7 7.11.1 Requirements 7 7.11.2 Procedure 7 7.12 Modulus of elasticity 8 7.12.1 Requirement 8 7.12.2 Procedure 8 7.13 Flexural rigidity 8 7.13.1 Requirement 8 7.13.2 Procedure 8 7.14 Tensile yield force 8 7.14.1 Procedure 9 7.15 Electrical res
18、istance 9 7.15.1 Requirement 9 7.15.2 Procedure 9 7.16 Inhibitor tape 10 7.17 Light transmittance of the tape and the leader 10 7.18 Abrasivity 10 7.19 Coefficient of dynamic friction 10 7.19.1 Requirements 10 7.19.2 Procedure for the measurement of the friction between the magnetic surface and the
19、back surface 10 7.19.3 Procedure for the measurement of the friction between the magnetic surface or the back surface and calcium titanate ceramic 10 7.20 Servo 11 7.20.1 Servo Bands 11 7.20.2 Servo Tracks 11 7.20.3 Signal 11 7.20.4 Signal-to Noise Ratio 12 7.20.5 Missing servo mark 12 8 Magnetic re
20、cording characteristics 13 - iii - 8.1 Typical Field 13 8.2 Signal amplitude 13 8.3 Resolution 13 8.4 Overwrite 13 8.4.1 Requirement 13 9 Tape quality 14 9.1 Missing pulses 14 9.1.1 Requirement 14 9.2 Missing pulse zone 14 9.2.1 Requirement 14 9.3 Tape durability 14 Section 3 - Mechanical specificat
21、ions of the tape cartridge 14 10 General 14 10.1 Bottom side and right side 15 10.2 Back side and left side 16 10.3 Tape reel 16 10.4 Tape leader 17 10.5 Front side 19 10.6 Operation of the cartridge 19 10.7 Tape winding 20 10.8 Moment of inertia 20 10.9 Material 20 Section 4 - Requirements for an i
22、nterchanged tape 30 11 Tape format 30 11.1 Reference Edge 30 11.2 Direction of recording 30 11.3 Tape layout 30 11.3.1 Data Area 30 11.3.2 Forward Alignment and Directory Area 32 11.3.3 Reverse Alignment Area at EOT 33 12 Data format 34 12.1 Record 34 12.2 Data Bytes 34 12.3 Data Field 34 12.3.1 Pag
23、es 35 12.3.2 Pad Bytes 35 12.3.3 Page layout 35 12.3.4 MAP entries 35 12.3.5 EDC 36 12.4 Data Blocks 36 12.4.1 Control Field 1 (CF1) 37 12.4.2 Control Field 2 (CF2) 38 12.4.3 CRC 40 13 Method of recording 40 13.1 Physical recording density 41 - iv - 13.2 Channel bit cell length 41 13.2.1 Average Cha
24、nnel bit cell length 41 13.2.2 Long-term average Channel bit cell length 41 13.2.3 Short-term average Channel bit cell length 41 13.3 Read signal amplitude 41 13.4 Channel skew 41 14 Block Recording Format 42 14.1 Scrambler 42 14.2 Modulation 42 14.2.1 Modulation process 42 14.2.2 Modulated Data Gro
25、up 43 14.3 Precoder 43 14.4 Recording Data Block 44 14.4.1 Preamble 44 14.4.2 Sync 44 15 Types and Use of Blocks 44 15.1 Types of Blocks 44 15.2 Use of blocks 45 15.2.1 Track ID Start Blocks 45 15.2.2 End of Track Blocks (EOTR) 45 15.2.3 End of Data of Data Blocks (EOD) 45 15.2.4 ECC Blocks 45 15.2.
26、5 Track ID End Blocks 45 16 Format of Entities 45 17 Format of Envelopes 46 18 Error handling 46 Annex A - Measurement of light transmittance 47 Annex B - Procedure for the measurement of abrasivity 51 Annex C - Generation of the Data Block CRCs 53 Annex D - Generation of page CRCs 55 Annex E - ECC
27、generation 57 Annex F - Allocation of Physical Tracks to Logical Tracks 61 Annex G - Recommendations for transportation 63 Annex H - Inhibitor tape 65 Annex J - Recommendations on tape durability 67 Annex K - Handling guidelines 69 Section 1 - General 1 Scope This ECMA Standard specifies the physica
28、l and magnetic characteristics of a 12,7 mm wide, 448-track magnetic tape cartridge, to enable physical interchangeability of such cartridges between drives. It also specifies the quality of the recorded signals, a format - called Super Digital Linear Tape 1 (SDLT 1) - and a recording method, thereb
29、y allowing data interchange between drives. Together with a labelling standard, for instance Standard ECMA-13 for Magnetic Tape Labelling, it allows full data interchange by means of such magnetic tape cartridges. 2 Conformance 2.1 Magnetic tape cartridges A magnetic tape cartridge shall be in confo
30、rmance with this ECMA Standard if it satisfies all mandatory requirements of this ECMA Standard. The tape requirements shall be satisfied throughout the extent of the tape. 2.2 Generating systems A system generating a magnetic tape cartridge for interchange shall be in conformance with this ECMA Sta
31、ndard if all the recordings that it makes on a tape according to 2.1 meet the mandatory requirements of this ECMA Standard. In addition, a claim of conformance shall state whether or not one, or more registered algorithm(s) are implemented within the system, the registered identification number(s) o
32、f the implemented compression algorithm(s). 2.3 Receiving systems A system receiving a magnetic tape cartridge for interchange shall be in conformance with this ECMA Standard if it is able to handle any recording made on a tape according to 2.1. In addition, a claim of conformance shall state whethe
33、r or not one, or more de-compression algorithm(s) are implemented within the system, and are able to be applied to de-compress data prior to making such data available to the host, the registered identification number(s) of the implemented compression algorithm(s). 3 References ECMA-13:1985 File Str
34、ucture and Labelling of Magnetic Tapes for Information Interchange ECMA-287:1999 Safety of Electronic equipment ISO 1302:1992 Technical drawings - Method of indicating surface texture on drawings. ISO/IEC 11576:1994 Information technology - Procedure for the registration of algorithms for the lossle
35、ss compression of data. 4 Definitions For the purpose of this ECMA Standard, the following definitions apply. 4.1 back surface The surface of the tape opposite the magnetic coating which is used to record data. 4.2 Beginning-Of-Tape marker (BOT) A hole punched on the centreline of the tape towards t
36、he end nearest to the leader. - 2 - 4.3 block A set of contiguous bytes recorded on a physical track and considered as a unit. 4.4 byte An ordered set of bits acted upon as a unit. NOTE In this ECMA Standard, all bytes are 8-bit bytes. 4.5 cartridge A case containing a single supply reel of 12,7 mm
37、wide magnetic tape with a leader attached at the outer end. 4.6 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) character A 64-bit character, generated by a mathematical computation, used for error detection. 4.7 Error-Detecting Code (EDC) A mathematical computation yielding check bytes used for error detection. 4.8
38、End-Of-Tape marker (EOT) A hole punched on the centreline of the tape towards the end farthest from the leader. 4.9 Entity A group of twenty blocks treated as a logical unit. 4.10 Error-Correcting Code (ECC) A mathematical computation yielding check bytes used for the correction of errors detected b
39、y the CRC and the EDC. 4.11 Envelope A group of Entities. 4.12 Envelope size The number of Entities in an Envelope. 4.13 flux transition position The point that exhibits the maximum free-space flux density normal to the tape surface. 4.14 flux transition spacing The distance on the magnetic tape bet
40、ween successive flux transitions. 4.15 logical track A group of eight physical tracks that are written or read simultaneously. 4.16 magnetic tape A tape that accepts and retains magnetic signals intended for input, output, and storage purposes on computers and associated equipment. 4.17 Master Stand
41、ard Reference Tape A tape selected as the standard for Reference Field, signal amplitude, resolution, and overwrite characteristics. NOTE The Master Standard Reference Tape has been established by the Quantum Corporation. 4.18 object A Record or a page of type Tape Mark. - 3 - 4.19 page A logical di
42、vision of a block. 4.20 recording density The number of recorded flux transitions per unit length of track. 4.21 physical track A longitudinal area on the tape along which a series of magnetic signals can be recorded. 4.22 Record User data processed as described in Clause 12. 4.23 Reference Edge The
43、 bottom edge of the tape when viewing the magnetic coating of the tape with the BOT to the left and the EOT to the right of the observer. 4.24 Reference Field The Typical Field of the Master Standard Reference Tape. 4.25 Secondary Standard Reference Tape A tape the characteristics of which are known
44、 and stated in relation to those of the Master Standard Reference Tape. NOTE Secondary Standard Reference Tapes can be ordered under Reference “SSRT/SDLT1“ from Quantum Corporation, 333 South Street, Shrewsbury, Mass. 01545-4195, USA. It is intended that these be used for calibrating tertiary refere
45、nce tapes for routine calibration. In principle, these Secondary Standard Reference Tapes will be available for a period of 10 years from the publication of the first version of this ECMA Standard. However, by agreement between ECMA and Quantum Corporation, this period may be changed to take into ac
46、count the demand for such Secondary Standard Reference Tapes. 4.26 Standard Reference Amplitude (SRA) The Average Signal Amplitude from the Master Standard Reference Tape when it is recorded with the Test Recording Current at 2 700 ftpmm. 4.27 Standard Reference Current The current that produces the
47、 Reference Field. 4.28 Test Recording Current The current that is 1,1 times the Standard Reference Current. 4.29 Typical Field In the plot of the Average Signal Amplitude against the recording field at 2 700 ftpmm, the minimum field that causes an Average Signal Amplitude equal to 95 % of the maximu
48、m Average Signal Amplitude. 5 Conventions and notations 5.1 Representation of numbers The following conventions and notations apply in this ECMA Standard, unless otherwise stated. A measured value is rounded off to the least significant digit of the corresponding specified value. It implies that a s
49、pecified value of 1,26 with a positive tolerance +0,01, and a negative tolerance -0,02 allows a range of measured values from 1,235 to 1,275. In each block and in each field the bytes shall be arranged with Byte 1, the least significant, first. Within each byte the bits shall be arranged with Bit 1, the least significant, first and Bit 8, the most - 4 - significant bit, last. This order applies to the data, and to the input and output of the error-detecting and error-correcting codes, and to the cyclic redundancy characters. Letters and digits in parentheses represent num
