1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 10090:1998 The Euro
2、pean Standard EN 10090:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 77.140.10 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Valve steels and alloys for internal combustion enginesThis British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Board
3、, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 August 1998 BSI 1998 ISBN 0 580 29385 8 BS EN 10090:1998 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 10090:1998. It
4、 supersedes BS 970-4:1970 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ISE/30, Stainless steels, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretatio
5、n, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which imple
6、ment international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purpo
7、rt to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front co
8、ver, the EN title page, pages 2 to 14, an inside back cover and a back cover.CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by
9、 any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 10090:1998 E EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 10090 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM February 1998 ICS 27.020; 77.140.10 Descriptors: Iron and steel products, steels, alloy steels, engine valves, internal combustion engines, specifications E
10、nglish version Valve steels and alloys for internal combustion engines Aciers et alliages pour soupapes de moteurs a combustion interne Ventilsta hle und -legierungen fu r Verbrennungskraftmaschinen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 January 1998. CEN members are bound to comply with th
11、e CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat o
12、r to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official vers
13、ions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.Page 2 EN 10090:1998 BSI 1998 Foreword This European S
14、tandard has been prepared by ECISS/TC 23/SC 1, Stainless steels, the secretariat of which is held by the Normenausschu Eise und Stahl (FES) of DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by
15、August 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 1998. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark
16、, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword 2 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Definitions 3 4 Classification and designation 3 4.1 Classification 3 4.2 Designati
17、on 4 5 Information to be supplied by the purchaser 4 5.1 Mandatory information 4 5.2 Supplementary information 4 6 Manufacturing process 4 6.1 Melting process 4 6.2 Manufacture of the product 4 6.3 Heat treatment condition and surface finish at the time of delivery 4 7 Requirements 4 7.1 Chemical co
18、mposition 4 7.2 Mechanical properties 5 7.3 Internal and external condition 5 7.4 Dimensions and tolerances 5 8 Testing 5 8.1 Agreement of tests and inspection documents 5 8.2 Number of tests 5 8.3 Selection and preparation of samples and test pieces 5 8.4 Test methods 6 8.5 Retests 6 8.6 Certificat
19、ion of the tests 6 9 Marking 6 10 Complaints 6 Annex A (informative) Technical supplement 10Page 3 EN 10090:1998 BSI 1998 1) It may be agreed at the time of ordering, until this EURONORM has been adopted as a European Standard, that either this EURONORM or a corresponding national standard should be
20、 applied. 1 Scope 1.1 This European Standard applies to the grades of wrought high-alloy materials listed in Table 1. These valve materials are used for intake and exhaust valves in reciprocating internal combustion engines. It is applicable to bars, wire, rod and forgings and for the surface finish
21、es listed in note 3 of 6.3. 1.2 This European Standard does not apply to alloys resistant to wear and corrosion which are used to protect valve seat surfaces. 1.3 In addition to the specifications of this European Standard, the general technical delivery requirements of EN 10021 are applicable, unle
22、ss otherwise specified. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent
23、 amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 10002-1, Metallic materials Tensile testing Part 1: Method of test (at
24、ambient temperature) (including Addendum AC1:1990). EN 10002-5, Metallic materials Tensile testing Part 5: Method of test at elevated temperature. EN 10003-1, Metallic materials Hardness test Brinell Part 1: Test method. EN 10020, Definition and classification of grades of steel. EN 10021, General t
25、echnical delivery requirements for steel and iron products. EN 10027-1, Designation systems for steel Part 1: Steel names, principal symbols. EN 10027-2, Designation systems for steel Part 2: Numerical system. EN 10052, Vocabulary of heat treatment terms for ferrous products. EN 10079, Definition of
26、 steel products. EN 10109-1, Metallic materials Hardness test Part 1: Rockwell methods (scales A, B, C, D, E, F , G, H, K) and methods N and T (scales 15N, 30N, 45N, 15T, 30T, 45T). EN 10204, Metallic products Types of inspection documents (includes amendment A1:1995). EN 10221, Surface quality clas
27、ses for hot-rolled bars and rods Technical delivery conditions. EN ISO 377, Steel and steel products Location and preparation of samples and test pieces for mechanical testing. prEN 10278, Dimensions and tolerances of bright steel products. EURONORM 17 1) , Rod in general purpose non-alloy steel for
28、 cold drawing; dimensions and tolerances. EURONORM 60 1) , Hot rolled round bars for general purposes. EURONORM 103 1) , Microscopic determination of the ferritic or austenitic grain size of steels. CR 10261, ECISS/IC 11 Iron and steel Review of available methods of chemical analysis. ISO 14284, Ste
29、el and iron Sampling and preparation of samples for the determination of chemical composition. 3 Definitions For the purpose of this European Standard the following definition applies, in addition to the definitions in EN 10020, EN 10021, EN 10052, EN 10079, EN ISO 377 and ISO 14284. 3.1 valve mater
30、ials steels and non-ferrous metal alloys which exhibit, to varying degrees, resistance to: heat; thermal cycling; corrosion; oxidation; fatigue loading; impact; adhesive and abrasive wear valve materials are therefore used for the manufacture of intake and exhaust valves in reciprocating internal co
31、mbustion engines 4 Classification and designation 4.1 Classification 4.1.1 All steel grades are, according to EN 10020, classified as alloyed special steels. 4.1.2 Valve materials are divided into two categories based upon structure, which is itself determined by the general chemical composition: ma
32、rtensitic steels which are primarily used for intake valves and the stem portion of exhaust valves; austenitic alloys, which are primarily used for exhaust valves.Page 4 EN 10090:1998 BSI 1998 4.2 Designation 4.2.1 Names For the steel grades covered by this European Standard, the steel names as give
33、n in the relevant tables are assigned in accordance with EN 10027-1. NOTE Explanation of the names used for alloys: The preceding chemical symbols indicate the main alloy elements and the figure immediately following indicates the average content of these alloys subsequently followed by the other ad
34、ded alloy elements in short designation. 4.2.2 Numbers For the steel grades covered by this European Standard, the steel numbers as given in the relevant tables are allocated in accordance with EN 10027-2. NOTE Explanation of the numbers used for alloys: The structure is set out according to EN 1002
35、7-2 with the number 2 for the material group number. This material group comprises chemically resistant and high temperature or heat resistant nickel and cobalt alloys. 5 Information to be supplied by the purchaser 5.1 Mandatory information The following information shall be supplied by the purchase
36、r at the time of enquiry and order: a) the quantity to be delivered; b) the designation of the product form (e.g. bar); c) the number of the dimensional standard (e.g. EURONORM 60); d) the dimensions and tolerances on dimensions and shape; e) reference to this European Standard (EN 10090); f) name o
37、r number of the steel or alloy grade (see Table 1); g) the heat treatment condition on delivery (see 6.3); h) all other necessary details including the intended method of processing (hot extrusion or upsetting with electric resistance heating); i) if required, the type of inspection document in acco
38、rdance with EN 10204 (see 8.1). EXAMPLE 10 t round bars of 30 mm diameter, dimensional tolerances as specified in EURONORM 60, of a steel grade according to EN 10090 with the name X45CrSi9-3 and the number 1.4718, in the soft annealed condition (+A), intended for hot extrusion, inspection document 3
39、.1.B as specified in EN 10204: 10 t rounds EURONORM 6030 steel EN 10090 X45CrSi9-3 +A, for hot extrusion EN 10204-3.1.B or 10 t rounds EURONORM 6030 steel EN 10090 1.4718 +A, for hot extrusion EN 10204-3.1.B 5.2 Supplementary information The following supplementary information may be supplied by the
40、 purchaser and agreed with the manufacturer: a) product analysis (see 7.1.3); b) verification of mechanical properties in the reference heat treatment condition (see A.2.4); c) limitations on non-metallic inclusions (see 7.3.1); d) surface quality class for hot-rolled round bars and rods (see 7.3.5)
41、; e) other tests (see 8.2.2); f) special marking (see 9.1). 6 Manufacturing process 6.1 Melting process 6.1.1 Unless otherwise agreed in the order, the type of melting process (see 6.1.2) is left to the discretion of the manufacturer. 6.1.2 The non-ferrous metal alloys NiFe25Cr20NbTi and NiCr20TiAl
42、are usually produced by remelting processes. 6.2 Manufacture of the product The manufacturing process route of the product shall be at the manufacturers discretion. 6.3 Heat treatment condition and surface finish at the time of delivery The heat treatment condition and surface finish of the products
43、 at the time of delivery shall be agreed when ordering. NOTE 1 Valve materials intended for subsequent processing by metal forming are normally ordered in one of the heat treatment conditions indicated in Table 3. NOTE 2 When they have become finished components, the materials are used, depending on
44、 their chemical composition, in the quenched and tempered or precipitation-hardened condition (see Tables A.1 and A.5). NOTE 3 Valve materials are mainly supplied in bar form, with one of the following surface finishes: turned and polished; turned and ground; ground; ground and polished; turned and
45、ground, then polished; as rolled. 7 Requirements 7.1 Chemical composition 7.1.1 The chemical composition of the materials, as given by the cast analysis, shall conform to the specifications in Table 1. 7.1.2 Slight deviations from the specified limits may be permitted by the purchaser, if the charac
46、teristics in use are only affected to a negligible extent.Page 5 EN 10090:1998 BSI 1998 7.1.3 At the time of ordering, it may be agreed that the result of the product analysis, with the permissible deviations given in Table 2, shall serve as proof that the limiting values for the cast analysis in Ta
47、ble 1 have been complied with. 7.2 Mechanical properties Table 3 specifies values of the mechanical properties at room temperature for the soft annealed and quenched and tempered conditions of martensitic steels and for the controlled cooled and/or quenched conditions of austenitic materials (see al
48、so Tables A.1 to A.4). 7.3 Internal and external condition 7.3.1 Any limitations on non-metallic inclusions for valve materials shall be agreed upon at the time of enquiry and order. 7.3.2 The valve materials shall not have any internal defects detrimental to valve fabrication and use of the valves.
49、 7.3.3 The NiCr20TiAl and NiFe25Cr20NbTi alloys shall have a grain size of 4 and/or finer when tested in accordance with EURONORM 103, but occasional coarser grains shall be tolerated. 7.3.4 In the case of bars which were turned or ground during finishing (see 6.3, note 3), the depth of surface defects shall not exceed the tolerance class h11 of prEN 10278. 7.3.5 In all other cases, the requirements governing surface quality shall be agreed upon at the time of enquiry and order. For ro
