1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 1021-1:2014Furniture Assessment ofthe ignitability of upholsteredfurniturePart 1: Ignition source smoulderingcigaretteBS EN 1021-1:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1021-1:2014. Itsupersedes BS EN 1021-1:2006 whi
2、ch is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee FW/6, Flammability performance and fire tests forfurniture.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the
3、 necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 80942 2ICS 13.220.40; 97.140Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British
4、Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 1021-1:2014EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1021-1 August 2014 ICS 13.220.40; 97.140 Supersedes EN 1021-1:2006Eng
5、lish Version Furniture - Assessment of the ignitability of upholstered furniture - Part 1: Ignition source smouldering cigarette Ameublement - valuation de lallumabilit des meubles rembourrs - Partie 1 : Source dallumage : cigarette en combustion Mbel - Bewertung der Entzndbarkeit von Polstermbeln -
6、Teil 1: Glimmende Zigarette als Zndquelle This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 June 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. U
7、p-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by tran
8、slation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finla
9、nd, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIO
10、N COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1021-1:2014 EBS EN 1021-1:2014EN 1021-1:2014 (E)
11、2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Terms and definitions .5 3 Criteria of ignition 5 3.1 Progressive smouldering ignition 5 3.2 Flaming ignition .6 4 Principle 6 5 Health and safety of operators .6 5.1 General 6 5.2 Enclosure 6 5.3 Extinguishers .6 6 Apparatus .7 6.1 Test rig 7 6
12、.2 Test enclosure 9 6.3 Clock 10 6.4 Ignition source smouldering cigarette . 10 7 Preparation and conditioning 10 7.1 Preparation 10 7.2 Conditioning 10 7.3 Atmosphere for testing 11 8 Test assembly . 11 8.1 General . 11 8.2 Cover materials . 11 8.3 Upholstery filling. 11 9 Test procedure 12 9.1 Pre
13、paration 12 9.1.1 General . 12 9.2 Ignition source application 14 9.3 Final examination 14 10 Test report . 14 Annex A (informative) Guidance notes for designers and specifiers . 16 Annex B (informative) Model test report form . 18 Annex C (informative) Cleaning of a rig . 19 Annex D (normative) Wat
14、er soaking procedure 20 D.1 Reagents 20 D.2 Apparatus 20 D.3 Specimens . 20 D.4 Procedure 21 BS EN 1021-1:2014EN 1021-1:2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1021-1:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 207 “Furniture”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard
15、shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2015 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this
16、 document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1021-1:2006. The main changes in relation to the 2006 edition of EN 1021-1 are: Modification to the specification of the weight o
17、f the ignition source; Modification to the test procedure to allow for a third ignition source to be placed on the test sample if either of the two initial ignition sources self extinguish prior to the completion of the test. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards
18、organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembo
19、urg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 1021-1:2014EN 1021-1:2014 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard is one of a series of standards concerned with the ignitability of upholstered furnitur
20、e using different ignition sources. The ignition source used in this European Standard is a smouldering cigarette. BS EN 1021-1:2014EN 1021-1:2014 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a test method to assess the ignitability of material combinations, such as covers and fillings used in uph
21、olstered seating, when subjected to a smouldering cigarette as an ignition source. The test measures only the ignitability of a combination of materials used in upholstered seating and not the ignitability of a particular finished item of furniture incorporating these materials. 2 Terms and definiti
22、ons For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 progressive smouldering exothermic oxidation, not accompanied by flaming, that is self-propagating, i.e. independent of the ignition source. It may or may not be accompanied by incandescence 2.2 flaming undergoing
23、combustion in the gaseous phase with the emission of light 2.3 flammability ability of a material or product to burn with a flame under specified test conditions 2.4 ignitability measure of the ease with which a material, product or component can be ignited so as to flame or progressively smoulder 2
24、.5 ignition source source of energy used to ignite combustible materials or products 2.6 outer cover outer layer of the upholstery 2.7 inner cover layer of material used between the outer cover and the upholstery filling whose nominal thickness is less than or equal to 2 mm Note 1 to entry: Any inne
25、r cover nominally greater than 2 mm thick is considered an upholstery filling. 2.8 filling main upholstery material contained by the outer cover and (if used) the inner cover which may consist of several different materials, including any inner cover nominally greater than 2 mm thick 3 Criteria of i
26、gnition 3.1 Progressive smouldering ignition For the purposes of this European Standard, all the following types of behaviour are considered to be progressive smouldering ignitions: BS EN 1021-1:2014EN 1021-1:2014 (E) 6 a) any test assembly that displays escalating combustion behaviour so that it is
27、 unsafe to continue the test and active extinction is necessary; b) any test assembly that smoulders until it is largely consumed within the test duration; c) any test assembly that smoulders to the extremities of the specimen, viz. upper or lower margins, either side or to its full thickness, withi
28、n the duration of the test; d) any test assembly that smoulders after one hour from the application of the ignition source; e) any test assembly that, on final examination (see 9.3), shows evidence of progressive smouldering. NOTE In practice it has been found that there is usually a clear distincti
29、on between materials which may char under the influence of the ignition source but which do not propagate further (non-progressive combustion) and those where smouldering develops in extent and spreads (progressive combustion). 3.2 Flaming ignition For the purposes of this European Standard, a flami
30、ng ignition is considered to be the occurrence of any flames initiated by a smouldering source. 4 Principle To subject an assembly of upholstery materials to a smouldering ignition source. The assembly is arranged to represent in stylised form a junction between a seat and back (or seat and arm) suc
31、h as might occur in a typical chair. The ignitability of an assembly is determined by applying a smouldering ignition source such as a cigarette. The test method measures the ignitability of the overall composite of materials, i.e. outer cover, inner cover, filling etc., as constructed on the test r
32、ig. The tests give an indication of, but cannot guarantee, the ignition behaviour of the finished item of furniture. The results shall not be stated as being applicable to the general behaviour of any individual component (see also Annex A). NOTE Test specimens prepared from materials taken from fur
33、niture that has been used may give different results to the same materials before use. 5 Health and safety of operators 5.1 General The test method specified in this European Standard presents a considerable hazard; suitable precautions shall be taken. 5.2 Enclosure For safety, the test should be co
34、nducted in a non-combustible fume cupboard. If such a cupboard is not available, a test enclosure should be constructed (see 6.2) so that the operator is protected from the fumes. 5.3 Extinguishers Adequate means of extinguishing the assembly should be provided bearing in mind that some combinations
35、 may produce severe flaming during the test. A hand and/or fixed water spray which can be directed over the burning area can be useful. Other means such as suitable fire extinguishers, fire blankets and a bucket of water will assist. In some cases smouldering may be difficult to extinguish completel
36、y and complete immersion in water may be necessary. BS EN 1021-1:2014EN 1021-1:2014 (E) 7 6 Apparatus 6.1 Test rig A suitable test rig is illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. It shall consist of two rectangular frames hinged together and capable of being locked at right angles to each other. The sides an
37、d hinge edges of the frames shall be made from nominal 25 mm x 3 mm steel flat bar and shall securely hold mesh steel platforms set (6 1) mm below the top edge of the frames. (Mesh size should be such that an open mesh area of approximately 15 mm2to 150 mm2exists). The upper edge of the vertical fra
38、me and the front edge of the horizontal frame shall be steel end plates 450 mm x 65 mm x 3 mm to prevent the test filling moving during the assembly of the test specimen (see Figures 1 and 2). The internal width and height of the back frame shall be (450 2) mm x (300 2) mm and the width and depth of
39、 the base frame (450 2) mm x (150 2) mm. A standard edging section may be used around the mesh steel platform to give protection and greater rigidity. The sides of the frame shall extend beyond the back of each frame to provide for the hinge holes and to form the back legs. The hinge rod shall be of
40、 nominal 10 mm diameter steel, continuous across the back of the rig and its axis (22,5 0,5) mm beyond the back member of each frame. The frames shall be lockable at right angles by a bolt or pin through each of the pairs of members forming the back legs. The front legs may be welded across the fron
41、t corners of the base frame. The height of the legs shall be such as to leave a gap not less than 50 mm high between the base and frame and the supporting surface. For the tests the rigs shall be sited within the enclosure (see 6.2) and the testing shall be performed in a basically draught-free envi
42、ronment permitting an adequate supply of air and removal of smoke from the area of the apparatus. BS EN 1021-1:2014EN 1021-1:2014 (E) 8 Key a) test rig b) test rig with cover and fillings c) vertical section X detail of fitting cover to frame 1 filling 2 end plate of frame 3 cover 4 overlap 20 mm 5
43、clips 6 fold cover overlap under frame to touch the steel mesh supporting the filling and fasten with clips as below Figure 1 Test rig assembly BS EN 1021-1:2014EN 1021-1:2014 (E) 9 Dimensions in millimetres NOTE 1 Unless tolerances are indicated, dimensions are nominal. NOTE 2 All parts are made of
44、 steel. Key 1 end plate of frame 65 mm x 3 mm 2 edging section 3 expanded metal mesh size 28 mm x 6 mm (see 6.1) 4 side member of frame 25 mm x 3 mm 5 M10 bolt, nut and washers 6 10 hinge rod Figure 2 Test rig detail 6.2 Test enclosure The test enclosure shall consist of either a room with a volume
45、greater than 20 m3(which contains adequate oxygen for testing) or a smaller enclosure with a through flow of air. Inlet and extraction systems providing an BS EN 1021-1:2014EN 1021-1:2014 (E) 10 air speed rate of less than 0,2 m/s in the locality of the rig provide adequate oxygen without disturbing
46、 the burning behaviour. 6.3 Clock The clock shall be capable of measuring to at least 1 h with an accuracy of 1 s. 6.4 Ignition source smouldering cigarette An un-tipped cylindrical cigarette complying with the following requirements shall be used: length: (68 2) mm; diameter: (8 0,5) mm; mass: (0,8
47、5 0,15) g. The smouldering rate shall be (7,5 2) min/40 mm, when tested as follows. Mark the cigarette, conditioned as described in 7.2 at 10 mm and 50 mm from the end to be lit. Light it as described in 9.2.1 and impale it horizontally in air (air speed rate less than 0,2 m/s) on a horizontal wire
48、spike inserted not more than 13 mm into the unlit end. Record the time taken to smoulder from the 10 mm to the 50 mm mark. The smouldering rate shall be measured on one cigarette from a batch of 20 cigarettes. The smouldering rate may be measured on two cigarettes at the same time. The distance betw
49、een cigarettes and between each cigarette and any nearby surface such as the wall or floor of the test enclosure shall be at least 150 mm. If the cigarette ceases smouldering before reaching the 50 mm mark, the measurement of smouldering rate shall be repeated. 7 Preparation and conditioning 7.1 Preparation All outer covers and inner covers that have been chemically treated to reduce their ignitability shall be subjected to the water soaking and drying procedure described in Annex D prior to being conditioned according to 7.2. This requ
